蟻

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蟻 U+87FB, 蟻
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-87FB
← 蟺
[U+87FA]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 蟼 →
[U+87FC]
See also: 蚁

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

蟻 (radical 142 虫+13, 19 strokes, cangjie input 中戈廿土戈 (LITGI), four-corner 58153, composition ⿰虫義)

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 1099, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 33672
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1563, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 4, page 2898, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+87FB

Chinese[edit]

trad. 蟻
simp. 蚁
alt. forms 螘
蛾

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (我) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
莪 *ŋaːl
哦 *ŋaːl
娥 *ŋaːl
峨 *ŋaːl
峩 *ŋaːl
鵝 *ŋaːl
俄 *ŋaːl
蛾 *ŋaːl, *ŋralʔ
睋 *ŋaːl
涐 *ŋaːl
誐 *ŋaːl
硪 *ŋaːl, *ŋaːlʔ
我 *ŋaːlʔ
騀 *ŋaːlʔ
餓 *ŋaːls
義 *ŋrals
儀 *ŋral
轙 *ŋral, *ŋralʔ
檥 *ŋral, *ŋralʔ
蟻 *ŋralʔ
艤 *ŋralʔ
礒 *ŋralʔ
羛 *ŋralʔ, *hŋral
議 *ŋrals
犧 *hŋral
曦 *hŋral
羲 *hŋral

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ŋralʔ): semantic 虫 (“insect”) + phonetic 義 (OC *ŋrals).

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k/p/s-rwak.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • hiā/hiǎ - vernacular;
  • gí - literary.
Rime
Character 蟻
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 支 (13)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) Chongniu III
Fanqie 魚倚切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋˠiᴇX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋᵚiɛX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋiɛX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋjiə̆X/
Li
Rong		 /ŋjeX/
Wang
Li		 /ŋǐeX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋie̯X/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yǐ
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 蟻
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yǐ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ngjeX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*m-qʰ(r)ajʔ/
English ant

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 蟻
Reading # 1/1
No. 13049
Phonetic
component		 我
Rime
group		 歌
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 螘
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋralʔ/
Notes 同螘本作蛾此見孫子

Definitions[edit]

蟻

  1. ant
  2. foam or sediment in wine
  3. humble, inconsiderable
  4. black
  5. in an assembled manner
  6. A surname​.

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 螞蟻 (“ant”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 蟻、螞蟻
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 螞蟻
Mandarin Beijing 螞蟻
Taiwan 螞蟻
Tianjin 螞蟻
Jinan 螞蟻、米蛘
Xi'an 螞蟻
Wuhan 螞蟻、螞印子、螞燕子
Chengdu 螞蟻兒、螞蟻子
Yangzhou 螞蟻
Hefei 螞蟻
Cantonese Guangzhou 蟻
Hong Kong 蟻
Taishan 蟻
Yangjiang 蟻
Gan Nanchang 螞蟻、螞寅子
Hakka Meixian 蟻公、蟻仔
Xingning 咪公
Huidong 蟻
Qujiang 蟻公
Xiaosanjiang 蟻公
Changting 蟻公
Pingyu 蟻公
Wuping 蟻公
Liancheng 蟻公
Ninghua 蟻公
Yudu 螞蟻
Ruijin 蟻公子、螞蟻
Shicheng 蟻公
Shangyou 螞蟻
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 蟻公
Liudui (S. Sixian) 蟻公
Hsinchu (Hailu) 蟻公
Dongshi (Dabu) 蟻公
Zhuolan (Raoping) 蟻公
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 蟻子
Jin Taiyuan 螞蚍蜉、螞蚍蜉兒、螞蟻
Min Bei Jian'ou 蟻稚仔
Min Dong Fuzhou 紅蟻、黃蟻
Min Nan Xiamen 狗蟻
Quanzhou 狗蟻
Zhangzhou 狗蟻
Taipei 狗蟻
Kaohsiung 狗蟻
Tainan 狗蟻
Taichung 狗蟻
Hsinchu 狗蟻
Lukang 狗蟻
Sanxia 狗蟻
Yilan 狗蟻
Kinmen 狗蟻
Magong 狗蟻
Penang 蟻
Philippines (Manila) 狗蟻、蟻
Chaozhou 蟻
Wu Shanghai 螞蟻
Suzhou 螞蟻
Wenzhou 火蟻
Xiang Changsha 螞蟻子
Shuangfeng 螞蟻子

Compounds[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

蟻

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. ant
Readings[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
蟻
ぎ
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 蟻 (ngjeX). Compare modern Cantonese reading ngai5.

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

蟻 (hiragana ぎ, rōmaji gi)

  1. ant
Usage notes[edit]

This reading is only found in compounds. When the character is used on its own, it is always read as the kun'yomi of ari.

Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
蟻
あり
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Unknown. From Old Japanese, but ultimate derivation remains a mystery. There are potentially interesting similarities to Korean 아리 (ari, “leg”) and 아래 (arae, “below, beneath”), but evidence is lacking.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

蟻 (hiragana あり, rōmaji ari)

  1. ant
Idioms[edit]
Idioms
  • 蟻の這い出る隙間もない (ありのはいでるすきまもない, ​ari no haideru sukima mo nai): “not even a crack wide enough for an ant to crawl through” → without a gap, close, tight
  • 蟻の熊野参り (ありのくまのまいり, ​ari no Kumano-mairi), 蟻の伊勢参り (ありのいせまいり, ​ari no Ise-mairi), 蟻の百度参り (ありのひゃくどまいり, ​ari no hyakudo-mairi), 蟻の堂参り (ありのどうまいり, ​ari no dō-mairi), 蟻の物参り (ありのものまいり, ​ari no mono-mairi): “an ants' pilgrimage to Kumano / Ise / the hundred shrines and temples / the temples / the holy sites” → a metaphor likening ants in single file to a procession of pilgrims; alternately, a metaphor for a large group of people moving in single file
  • 蟻の一穴 (ありのいっけつ, ​ari no ikketsu): “a single ant-hole” → a metaphor for the way a tiny thing can cause grave consequences; compare a stitch in time saves nine
  • 蟻の穴から堤も崩れる (ありのあなからつつみもくずれる, ​ari no ana kara tsutsumi mo kuzureru), 蟻の穴より堤の崩れ (ありのあなよりつつみのくずれ, ​ari no ana yori tsutsumi no kuzure): “even a dike can fall apart due to an ant-hole” → a metaphor for the way a tiny thing can cause grave consequences; compare a stitch in time saves nine
  • 蟻の甘きにつく如し (ありのあまきにつくごとし, ​ari no amaki ni tsuku gotoshi): “just like ants drawn to a sweet” → a metaphor for the way that people are drawn to profitable things; compare like a moth to a flame, of nearly opposite meaning
  • 蟻の思いも天に届く (ありのおもいもてんにとどく, ​ari no omoi mo ten ni todoku), 蟻の思いも天に昇る (ありのおもいもてんにのぼる, ​ari no omoi mo ten ni noboru): “even an ant's thoughts can reach / rise to the heavens” → no matter how humble or lowly, if one tries hard enough, one's wishes can still be heard by the gods in heaven; compare where there's a will, there's a way
  • 蟻の塔を組む如し (ありのとうをくむごとし, ​ari no tō o kumu gotoshi): “just like building an ant tower [anthill]” → even great deeds can be accomplished through patient work; compare a journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
蟻
ありのこ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Compound of 蟻 (ari, “ant”) +‎ の (no, possessive particle) +‎ 子 (ko, “child; small thing”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Noun[edit]

蟻 (hiragana ありのこ, rōmaji arinoko)

  1. (obsolete) an ant, particularly one without wings
  2. (obsolete) an ant egg or larva
Usage notes[edit]

The spelling of 蟻 for ari no ko is generally only seen in old texts. In modern Japanese, this term is much more commonly spelled as 蟻の子.

References[edit]

  1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. ^ Yoshinori Kobayashi, Kojisho Ongi Shūsei 1: Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki (in Japanese), Kyūko Shoin (published 1978; original text from 794), ISBN 4-7629-3088-1.

Kikai[edit]

Kanji[edit]

蟻

Readings[edit]

  • Native: あーにー (ānī), あに (ani), あい (ai)

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with Old Japanese 蟻 (ari, “ant”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

蟻 (hiragana あーにー, romaji ānī)

  1. ant

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

蟻 • (ui) (hangeul 의, revised ui, McCune-Reischauer ŭi, Yale uy)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Northern Amami-Oshima[edit]

Kanji[edit]

蟻 (hiragana あみ, romaji ami)

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with Old Japanese 蟻 (ari, “ant”).

Noun[edit]

蟻 (hiragana あみ, romaji ami)

  1. ant

Oki-No-Erabu[edit]

Kanji[edit]

蟻 (hiragana あに, romaji ani)

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with Old Japanese 蟻 (ari, “ant”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

蟻 (hiragana あに, romaji ani)

  1. ant

Okinawan[edit]

Kanji[edit]

蟻 (hiragana あい, romaji ai)

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with Old Japanese 蟻 (ari, “ant”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

蟻 (hiragana あい, romaji ai)

  1. ant

Compounds[edit]

Southern Amami-Oshima[edit]

Kanji[edit]

蟻 (hiragana あみ, romaji ami)

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with Old Japanese 蟻 (ari, “ant”).

Noun[edit]

蟻 (hiragana あみ, romaji ami)

  1. ant

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

蟻 (nghĩ, nghị)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Yonaguni[edit]

Kanji[edit]

蟻 (hiragana あや, romaji aya)

Etymology[edit]

Cognate with Old Japanese 蟻 (ari, “ant”).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

蟻 (hiragana あや, romaji aya)

  1. ant
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