雛
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Contents
Translingual[edit]
Han character[edit]
雛 (radical 172 隹+10, 18 strokes, cangjie input 心山人土 (PUOG), four-corner 20414, composition ⿰芻隹)
References[edit]
- KangXi: page 1368, character 39
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 42121
- Dae Jaweon: page 1874, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4105, character 6
- Unihan data for U+96DB
Chinese[edit]
trad. | 雛 | |
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simp. | 雏 |
Glyph origin[edit]
Historical forms of the character 雛 | |
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Shang | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Oracle bone script | Small seal script |
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Characters in the same phonetic series (芻) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
煼 | *sʰroːʔ |
謅 | *sʰroːʔ, *ʔsru, *sʰru |
縐 | *sʰroːs, *ʔsrus |
鄒 | *ʔsru |
騶 | *ʔsru |
搊 | *ʔsruʔ, *sʰru, *ʔsro |
皺 | *ʔsrus |
篘 | *sʰru |
㑳 | *zrus, *ʔsro, *rnuːb |
趍 | *sʰlo, *l'al |
趨 | *sʰlo |
芻 | *sʰro |
犓 | *sʰro |
雛 | *zro |
鶵 | *zro |
媰 | *zro |
齺 | *zroːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *zro): phonetic 芻 (OC *sʰro) + semantic 隹 (“bird”).
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨˊ
- Wade-Giles: ch'u2
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chwu
- IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: co4, co1
- Yale: chòh, chō
- Cantonese Pinyin: tso4, tso1
- Guangdong Romanization: co4, co1
- IPA (key): /t͡sʰɔː²¹/, /t͡sʰɔː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhô͘
- Tâi-lô: tshôo
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhoo
- IPA (Quanzhou, Xiamen): /t͡sʰɔ²⁴/
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰɔ¹³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhi
- Tâi-lô: tshi
- Phofsit Daibuun: chy
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕʰi⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhû
- Tâi-lô: tshû
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhuu
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰu²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sû
- Tâi-lô: sû
- Phofsit Daibuun: suu
- IPA (Quanzhou): /su²⁴/
Rime | |
---|---|
Character | 雛 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
Initial (聲) | 崇 (20) |
Final (韻) | 虞 (24) |
Tone (調) | Level (Ø) |
Openness (開合) | Closed |
Division (等) | III |
Fanqie | 仕于切 |
Reconstructions | |
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/d͡ʒɨo/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/ɖ͡ʐio/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/d͡ʒio/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/ɖ͡ʐuə̆/ |
Li Rong |
/d͡ʒio/ |
Wang Li |
/d͡ʒĭu/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/ɖ͡ʐʱi̯u/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
chú |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
---|---|
Character | 雛 |
Reading # | 1/1 |
No. | 1609 |
Phonetic component |
芻 |
Rime group |
侯 |
Rime subdivision |
0 |
Corresponding MC rime |
䅳 |
Old Chinese |
/*zro/ |
Definitions[edit]
雛
Compounds[edit]
References[edit]
Japanese[edit]
Kanji[edit]
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 鶵)
Readings[edit]
- Goon: じゅ (ju)
- Kan’on: す (su)
- Kan’yōon: すう (sū)
- Kun: ひな (hina, 雛); ひいな (hīna, 雛); ひよこ (hiyoko, 雛); ひよっこ (hiyokko, 雛)
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
雛 |
ひな Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- a type of small doll, typically standing upright in the Heian period, changing style to a seated posture in the Muromachi period
- short for 雛祭り (Hina matsuri)
- a chick, a young bird: see the reading hiyoko below
Prefix[edit]
- diminutive prefix, carrying favorable connotations such as a sense of cuteness
Compounds[edit]
- 雛遊び, 雛遊 (ひなあそび, hina asobi): playing with hina dolls
- 雛霰 (ひなあられ, hina arare): a type of 霰 (arare, “tiny rice crackers”) given as an offering to the hina dolls on Hina matsuri
- 雛合わせ, 雛合 (ひなあわせ, hina awase): a visit to play with hina dolls; particularly, such a visit on Hina matsuri
- 雛市 (ひないち, hinaichi): a market selling hina dolls and accoutrements for Hina matsuri
- 雛会 (ひなえ, Hinae): alternate name for Hina matsuri
- 雛送り, 雛送 (ひなおくり, hinaokuri): alternate for 雛流し (hinanagashi): see below
- 雛男 (ひなおとこ, hina otoko): an elegant and refined man
- 雛菓子 (ひながし, hinagashi): sweets given as offerings on the 雛壇 (hina dan, “special tiered display for hina dolls”) at Hina matsuri
- 雛形, 雛型 (ひながた, hinagata): a model or miniature; a sample or specimen; the front peak of an 折烏帽子 (ori eboshi, “a tall formal peaked black hat”)
- 雛形尺 (ひながたざし, hinagatazashi): a bamboo ruler made to be as long as the width of a bolt of cotton fabric
- 雛蚊屋吊, 雛蚊帳釣 (ひながやつり, hinagayatsuri): Cyperus flaccidus, a type of 蚊帳吊草 (kayatsurigusa, “sedge”) native to wet areas in Honshū, Shikoku, and Kyūshū
- 雛鑑定器 (ひなかんていき, hina kanteiki): a chicken tester (a device)
- 雛鑑別者 (ひなかんべつしゃ, hina kanbetsusha): a chicken sexer (a job)
- 雛桔梗 (ひなぎきょう, hinagikyō): a type of bluebell or bellflower of the genus Wahlenbergia
- 雛菊 (ひなぎく, hinagiku): Bellis perennis, a daisy
- 雛衣 (ひなぎぬ, hinaginu): clothes for a hina doll
- 雛罌粟, 雛芥子 (ひなげし, hinageshi): Papaver rhoeas, the common field or red poppy
- 雛事 (ひなごと, hinagoto): alternate for 雛遊び (hina asobi), playing with hina dolls
- 雛尖 (ひなさき, hinasaki): the clitoris; the part of an 烏帽子 (eboshi) just below the front peak that protrudes slightly
- 雛桜 (ひなざくら, hinazakura): Primula nipponica, a type of primrose or cowslip, called a "mini cherry blossom" for the shape of its flower
- 雛裁ち, 雛裁 (ひなだち, hinadachi): a 一つ身 (hitotsumi), a short kimono for children up to the age of one or two years old, made from one piece of fabric and without a seam up the back
- 雛壇, 雛段 (ひなだん, hina dan): a special tiered display for hina dolls (see image below); a similarly tiered platform for kabuki musicians; the tiered seats for ministers in the Diet
- 雛鶴 (ひなづる, hinazuru): a crane chick; a shōgun's or daimyō's daughter
- 雛鳥 (ひなどり, hinadori): alternate for hiyoko ("chick"): see also Noun entry below
- 雛流し, 雛流 (ひなながし, hinanagashi): letting loose small boats made of paper, ceramic, or other materials and holding hina dolls on rivers or the sea on the night of Hina matsuri
- 雛人形 (ひなにんぎょう, hina ningyō): a hina doll: see also Noun entry below
- 雛の臼壺 (ひなのうすつぼ, hina no usutsubo):
- 雛の簪 (ひなのかんざし, hina no kanzashi): an annual plant of the family Polygalaceae, a type of milkwort
- 雛の錫杖 (ひなのしゃくじょう, hina no shakujō): an annual flowering plant of family Burmanniaceae
- 雛の錫杖科 (ひなのしゃくじょうか, hina no shakujōka): Burmanniaceae, the botanical name for a family of monocot flowering plants
- 雛の節句 (ひなのせく, Hina no Seku): alternate name for Hina matsuri
- 雛の節句 (ひなのせっく, Hina no Sekku): alternate name for Hina matsuri
- 雛の使い (ひなのつかい, hina no tsukai): in modern Japan, the act of sending relatives a display of outfitted hina dolls for Hina matsuri
- 雛保育器 (ひなほいくき, hina hoikuki): a chick incubator
- 雛祭り, 雛祭 (ひなまつり, Hina matsuri): Girl's Day, the doll festival
- 雛屋 (ひなや, hinaya): a dollhouse for hina dolls; a store selling hina dolls
- 雛欄 (ひならん, hina ran): an orchid of the genus Amitostigma, native to East Asia
- 初生雛 (しょせいひな, shosei hina): a newly hatched chick that has just started eating
- 後の雛 (のちのひな, Nochi no Hina): the counterpart to Hina Matsuri, held on the ninth day of the ninth month in the old lunar calendar
- 初雛 (はつひな, hatsu hina): a girl's first springtime seasonal celebration; the hina dolls set out as decoration at such a time
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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雛 |
ひいな Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
/hihina/ → /hiːna/
Possibly an alteration of reduplicated hinahina.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
雛 (hiragana ひいな, rōmaji hīna, historical hiragana ひひな)
Usage notes[edit]
This reading with the long ī is archaic. In modern Japanese, the shorter reading hina is more common for this sense.
Compounds[edit]
- 雛遊び, 雛遊 (ひいなあそび, hīna asobi): playing with hina dolls
- 雛合わせ, 雛合 (ひいなあわせ, hīna awase): a visit to play with hina dolls; particularly, such a visit on Hina matsuri
- 雛衣 (ひいなぎぬ, hīnaginu): clothes for a hina doll
- 雛草 (ひいなぐさ, hīnagusa): alternate name for 髢草 (kamojigusa), a type of wild rye or wheatgrass
- 雛本 (ひいなぼん, hīnabon): a type of small children's book in the Edo period used at Hina matsuri and when playing house
- 雛祭り, 雛祭 (ひいなまつり, Hīna matsuri): Girl's Day, the doll festival
- 雛屋 (ひいなや, hīnaya): a dollhouse for hina dolls; a store selling hina dolls
Etymology 3[edit]
Kanji in this term |
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雛 |
ひよこ Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
Compound of ひよ (hiyo, “onomatopoeia for the sound a chick makes”) + 子 (ko, “diminutive suffix”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
雛 (hiragana ひよこ, rōmaji hiyoko)
Compounds[edit]
Etymology 4[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
雛 |
ひよっこ Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
/hijoko/ → /hijokko/
Alteration of hiyoko above. The geminate kk sound emphasizes the diminutiveness.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
雛 (hiragana ひよっこ, rōmaji hiyokko)
Etymology 5[edit]
Kanji in this term |
---|
雛 |
すう Jinmeiyō |
on’yomi |
Middle Chinese. Most reconstructions of the original Middle Chinese reading start with an affricate, so this Japanese reading may have come from a dialect; compare Hakka reading ts'u1.
Pronunciation[edit]
Affix[edit]
Usage notes[edit]
Only used in compounds.
Compounds[edit]
- 雛妓 (すうぎ, sūgi): alternate name for a 半玉 (hangyoku), an apprentice geisha
- 雛僧 (すうそう, sūsō): a young monk, a novitiate
- 育雛 (いくすう, ikusū): raising chicks
- 臥竜鳳雛 (がりょうほうすう, garyō hōsū): a diamond in the rough, an unnoticed greatness
- 伏竜鳳雛 (ふくりょうほうすう, fukuryō hōsū): a diamond in the rough, an unnoticed greatness
- 鳳雛 (ほうすう, hōsū): a very promising young man, a boy with very high prospects
- 帰趨 (きすう, kisū): a return arrival, getting back to one's starting point
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja[edit]
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese[edit]
Han character[edit]
雛 (sồ)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
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