-le
English
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle English -elen, -len, -lien, from Old English -lian (frequentative verbal suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-lōną (frequentative verbal suffix). Cognate with West Frisian -elje, Dutch -elen, German -eln, Danish -le, Swedish -la, Icelandic -la. Compare -er.
Suffix
-le
- A frequentative suffix of verbs, indicating repetition or continuousness:
- assle, buzzle, crackle, cuddle, dazzle, draggle, drawl, dribble, drizzle, fumble, gamble, grapple, handle, jostle, kissle, maddle, mingle, nestle, nuzzle, prattle, ramble, rattle, ripple, scribble, sile, sizzle, smartle, sniffle, snuggle, startle, stopple, suckle, tattle, tickle, topple, waggle, whemmle, wiggle, wrestle
Translations
|
Etymology 2
From Middle English -el, -le, from Old English -el, -ol (adjective suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ulaz (adjective suffix). Cognate with West Frisian -el, Dutch -el, Low German -el, German -el.
Suffix
-le
- A suffix forming adjectives from verbs with the meaning of "prone to", "tending to", "apt to", "capable of"; compare -ative:
Etymology 3
From Middle English -el, from Old English -el, -ol, -ul (agent suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz (agent suffix). Cognate with West Frisian -el, Dutch -el, Low German -el, German -el.
Suffix
-le
- A suffix forming agent nouns from verbs:
Etymology 4
From Middle English -el, from Old English -el, -il (diminutive suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ilaz (diminutive suffix).
Alternative forms
Suffix
-le
- A suffix forming diminutives from other nouns; compare -ling:
Derived terms
Anagrams
Basque
Suffix
-le
- forms agent noun from verbs
Usage notes
- It is used with verbs ending in -i preceded by a sibilant or -r(r)-. If the sibilant is an affricate, it is reduced to a fricative.
- For other verbs the alternative form -tzaile is used.
Cimbrian
Suffix
-le
- forms diminutives
Derived terms
Finnish
Etymology
Suffix
-le
- Forms diminutive nouns.
Declension
Inflection of -le (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | -le | -leet | ||
genitive | -leen | -leiden -leitten | ||
partitive | -letta | -leita | ||
illative | -leeseen | -leisiin -leihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | -le | -leet | ||
accusative | nom. | -le | -leet | |
gen. | -leen | |||
genitive | -leen | -leiden -leitten | ||
partitive | -letta | -leita | ||
inessive | -leessa | -leissa | ||
elative | -leesta | -leista | ||
illative | -leeseen | -leisiin -leihin | ||
adessive | -leella | -leilla | ||
ablative | -leelta | -leilta | ||
allative | -leelle | -leille | ||
essive | -leena | -leina | ||
translative | -leeksi | -leiksi | ||
abessive | -leetta | -leitta | ||
instructive | — | -lein | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of -le (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Inflection of -le (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | -le | -leet | ||
genitive | -leen | -leiden -leitten | ||
partitive | -lettä | -leitä | ||
illative | -leeseen | -leisiin -leihin | ||
singular | plural | |||
nominative | -le | -leet | ||
accusative | nom. | -le | -leet | |
gen. | -leen | |||
genitive | -leen | -leiden -leitten | ||
partitive | -lettä | -leitä | ||
inessive | -leessä | -leissä | ||
elative | -leestä | -leistä | ||
illative | -leeseen | -leisiin -leihin | ||
adessive | -leellä | -leillä | ||
ablative | -leeltä | -leiltä | ||
allative | -leelle | -leille | ||
essive | -leenä | -leinä | ||
translative | -leeksi | -leiksi | ||
abessive | -leettä | -leittä | ||
instructive | — | -lein | ||
comitative | See the possessive forms below. |
Possessive forms of -le (Kotus type 48/hame, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Derived terms
German
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Suffix
-le
- (chiefly dialectal) suffix used to create a diminutive form, mostly in Alemannic and Upper Franconian dialects; e.g., Haus → Häusle
Derived terms
See also
Italian
Pronoun
-le
- enclitic form of le; appended to present active infinitive verb forms to derive accusative forms when the object is third plural feminine person and the dative form when the object is third singular feminine person
Usage notes
The final -e of the original infinitive is removed :
Where the verb ends in -rre, the final re is removed, leaving behind just an -r:
- introdurre (“to introduce”) → introdurle (“to introduce them; to insert in her”)
In any case, after the suffixation, there is only a single r and no vowels immediately before -le.
Latin
Suffix
Middle English
Suffix
-le
- Alternative form of -liche
References
- “-lī, suf.(1)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 7 April 2018.
- “-lī, suf.(2)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 7 April 2018.
Romanian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Latin -ae (“first-declension ending”), with intrusive l.
Suffix
-le
- (plural) -s (feminine/neuter)
Usage notes
- This form of the plural is indefinite, and used for feminine nouns in the nominative/accusative and genitive/dative cases which end in a stressed vowel, or is monosyllabic:
- zile, from zi, fem.
- basmale, from basma, fem.
- cafele, from cafe, fem.
Alternative forms
Etymology 2
Suffix
-le
Usage notes
This form of the definite article is used for both masculine and neuter singular nouns in the nominative and accusative cases which end in -e:
Etymology 3
From Latin illae, nominative feminine plural of ille.
Suffix
-le
- (definite article) the (feminine/neuter plural, nominative and accusative)
Usage notes
This form of the definite article is used for both feminine and neuter plural nouns in the nominative and accusative cases
- amintirile, from amintiri, fem.
- visurile, from visuri, neut.
Note that this suffix is also added to indefinite feminine plurals in -le:
The suffix is also used with feminine plural adjectives in the nominative and accusative cases to make the articulated definite form, often for emphasis, and it is used before the noun it modifies:
- caldele plăcinte, from plăcintele calde (both meaning, "the warm pies")
Related terms
Scots
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle English -el, -le, from Old English -el, -ol (adjective suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-ulaz (adjective suffix).
Suffix
-le
- used for forming adjectives signifying 'having a tendency to' or 'able to'; e.g. forgettle, smittle, fodgle
Etymology 2
Suffix
-le
Etymology 3
From Middle English -elen, -len, -lien, from Old English -lian (frequentative verbal suffix), from Proto-Germanic *-lōną (frequentative verbal suffix).
Suffix
-le
- frequentative or diminutive suffix, added to verbs
- forms adverbs implying direction towards
Swabian
Etymology
Suffix
-le n
- Used to form diminutives.
Turkish
Suffix
-le
- with, shortened form of ile
- by, shortened form of ile
- okula otobüsle gidiyorum
- I am going to school by bus
- okula otobüsle gidiyorum
Usage notes
- If the word's last vowel is "a", "ı", "o" or "u", it becomes "-la".
- babamla ve uçakla - with my father and by plane
- kızımla ve kayıkla - with my daughter and by boat
- oğlumla ve vapurla - with my son and by steamship
- horozla ve motorla - with the rooster and by motorcycle
- If the word ends in a vowel, it becomes "-yle". (If it's a back vowel, "-yla")
- gemiyle - by ship
- sevgiyle - with love
- arabayla - by car
- korkuyla - with fear
- If it's added to a proper noun, it must be used with an apostrophe.
- Unlike most Turkish suffixes, this suffix is always unstressed; the stress in the combined word remains where it was in the word before suffixing.
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English lemmas
- English suffixes
- English diminutive suffixes
- English unproductive suffixes
- Basque lemmas
- Basque suffixes
- Cimbrian lemmas
- Cimbrian suffixes
- Cimbrian diminutive suffixes
- Finnish terms suffixed with -e
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish suffixes
- Finnish noun-forming suffixes
- Finnish diminutive suffixes
- Finnish hame-type nominals
- German terms with IPA pronunciation
- German terms with audio links
- German lemmas
- German suffixes
- German noun-forming suffixes
- German diminutive suffixes
- German dialectal terms
- Italian lemmas
- Italian pronouns
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English suffixes
- Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Romanian terms inherited from Latin
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian suffixes
- Scots terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scots terms inherited from Middle English
- Scots terms derived from Middle English
- Scots terms inherited from Old English
- Scots terms derived from Old English
- Scots terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- Scots terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- Scots lemmas
- Scots suffixes
- Scots diminutive suffixes
- Swabian lemmas
- Swabian suffixes
- Swabian neuter suffixes
- Turkish lemmas
- Turkish suffixes