及

See also: 乃, 廴, and 殳

及	U+53CA, 及 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-53CA

← 叉
[U+53C9]

CJK Unified Ideographs

友 →
[U+53CB]

及	U+2F836, 及 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-2F836

← 灰
[U+2F835]

CJK Compatibility Ideographs Supplement

叟 →
[U+2F837]

Translingual

Traditional	及
Simplified	及
Japanese	及
Korean	及

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

及 (Kangxi radical 29, 又+2 in traditional Chinese and Korean, 又+1 in mainland China and Japanese, 4 strokes in traditional Chinese and Korean, 3 strokes in mainland China and Japanese, cangjie input 弓竹水 (NHE), four-corner 1724₇, composition ⿻⿹𠄎丿乀(GHJV or U+2F836) or ⿸⿱㇇丿又(TK))

Derived characters

伋, 吸, 圾, 㚫, 𭕅, 岋, 㠷, 𢎽, 彶, 忣, 扱, 汲, 𤜯, 𨸚, 𠀨, 昅, 䏜, 极, 𤆣, 𪻏, 𥘜, 﨤, 𥄫, 砐, 𥝥, 衱, 級(级), 𦐏, 䑥, 𫊩, 觙, 訯, 𧲫, 𧹜, 趿, 𨋃, 鈒(钑), 靸, 𩎕, 𩖪, 馺, 𩨞, 魥(𩽹), 𩾶, 䶋, 𠚵, 䲯, 𫲼, 岌, 㧀, 芨, 㽺, 笈, 𦐅, 𨳛, 雭, 𥻾, 㤂

References

Kangxi Dictionary: page 165, character 3
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3118
Dae Jaweon: page 374, character 17
Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 35, character 1
Unihan data for U+53CA

Unihan data for U+2F836

Chinese

trad.		及
simp. ^#		及

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 及
Shang	Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (及) (Zhengzhang, 2003)

	Old Chinese
趿	*sqʰɯːb
鈒	sqʰɯːb, sqʰrɯb
靸	sqʰɯːb, sqʰaːb
馺	*sqʰɯːb
砐	*ŋɡɯːb
魥	ŋɡɯːb, kʰab
扱	*skʰrɯːb
笈	skʰrɯːb, ɡrab, ɡab, ɡrɯb
衱	ɡrab, kab
极	ɡrab, ɡab
昅	*ɡab
雭	*sqʰrɯb
急	*krɯb
級	*krɯb
汲	*krɯb
芨	*krɯb
伋	*krɯb
彶	*krɯb
及	*ɡrɯb
岌	*ŋɡrɯb
吸	*qʰrɯb

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : 人 (“person”) + 又 (“hand”) – a hand grabbing a person.

Etymology

Possibly connected to Burmese ကပ် (kap, “to arrive at”) or Jingpho khap (“to carry, to reach”) (Starostin and Peiros, 1996) or less likely to Tibetan འགྲུབ་པ ('grub pa) ~ འགྲུབ ('grub, “to make ready”), སྒྲུབ་པ (sgrub pa) ~ བསྒྲུབ (bsgrub, “to complete, achieve”), གྲུབ་པ (grub pa, “complete”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Possibly departing tone derivations are 暨 (jì, “to attain, to reach”), 迄 (qì, “to reach to”), and 既 (jì, “already”) (Yu, 1948, Baxter, 1992). However, see those entries for more.

Pronunciation

Lua error in Module:wuu-pron at line 169: Invalid final: "jiq"

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 及

to reach; to extend to
觸手可及／触手可及 ― chùshǒukějí ― at one's fingertips; within reach (literally, "can be reached by the touch of hand")
to catch up to; to reach the level of
及格 ― jígé ― to pass (i.e., to reach the grade for passing)

愚不可及 ― yúbùkějí ― inimitable foolishness
to be in time for; in time
來得及／来得及 ― láidéjí ― to be or to do something in time
and; as well as
以及 ― yǐjí ― as well as
- 夏，五月，宋人及楚人平。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
  From: Commentary of Gongyang, c. 206 BCE– 9 CE
  Xià, Wǔyuè, sòngrén jí chǔrén píng. [Pinyin]
  Summer, the fifth month, the generals of Song and Chu agreed to peace.
a surname

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 和 (“and”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		與, 及
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		和, 與, 及, 與及 Cantonese
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	跟, 和
	Taiwan	跟, 和
	Malaysia	和, 跟
	Singapore	和, 跟
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	和, 跟, 給
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	和
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	和
	Wanrong (Ronghe)	連
	Xi'an	跟, 連
	Xining	帶, 和
	Xuzhou	給
	Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan)	帶
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	連
	Lanzhou	跟, 和
	Ürümqi	跟, 連, 和
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	跟, 給, 和
	Wuhan	跟
	Guiyang	跟, 同, 和
	Guilin	跟, 和
	Liuzhou	跟, 同, 和
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	告, 跟
	Yangzhou	跟, 交
	Hefei	跟
Cantonese	Guangzhou	同, 同埋
	Hong Kong	同, 同埋
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	同
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	同
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	同
	Macau	同, 同埋
	Taishan	同埋
	Kaiping (Chikan)	同, 同埋
	Dongguan	同, 同埋
	Yangjiang	鄧, 同
	Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	同
	Penang (Guangfu)	同
	Singapore (Guangfu)	同
Gan	Nanchang	跟, 同
	Lichuan	和
	Pingxiang	同, 跟
Hakka	Meixian	同, 摎
	Yudu	澗
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	摎
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	同
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	摎
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	同
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	摎
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	和
	Hong Kong	摎
	Kuching (Hepo)	佮
Huizhou	Jixi	搭
Jin	Taiyuan	和, 跟
Jin	Xinzhou	給
Northern Min	Jian'ou	邀
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	邀, 儉, 教
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	邀
	Pucheng (Shibei)	邀, 跟
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	共
	Fuzhou (Changle)	共
	Fuqing	共
	Yongtai	共
	Gutian	共
	Fu'an	共
	Ningde	共
	Shouning	隨
	Zhouning	傮, 共
	Fuding	跟
Southern Min	Xiamen	佮, 交
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	佮
	Quanzhou	佮, 交
	Zhangzhou	佮
	Tainan	佮
	Hsinchu	交
	Penang (Hokkien)	佮
	Singapore (Hokkien)	佮
	Manila (Hokkien)	佮, 交
	Chaozhou	佮, 共
	Shantou	佮
	Jieyang	佮
	Singapore (Teochew)	佮
	Pontianak (Teochew)	佮
	Leizhou	共
	Wenchang	共
	Haikou	共
	Qionghai	共
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	同, 同埋
Waxiang	Guzhang (Gaofeng)	跟, 邀
Wu	Shanghai	脫, 脫仔, 得, 得仔, 搭, 搭仔, 交, 幫, 同, 跟
	Shanghai (Songjiang)	搭
	Shanghai (Chongming)	脫
	Suzhou	搭, 搭仔
	Danyang	同, 跟
	Hangzhou	同
	Ningbo	搭, 搭仔
	Wenzhou	伉
	Jinhua	亨, 跟
Xiang	Changsha	跟
	Loudi	跟
	Shuangfeng	跟, 同

Compounds

Lua error in Module:zh/templates at line 32: This template has been deprecated. Please use Template:col3 instead.

Japanese

Kanji

及

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

Go-on: ごう (gō)^{←ごふ (gofu, historical)}
Kan-on: きゅう (kyū, Jōyō)^{←きふ (kifu, historical)}
Kun: およぶ (oyobu, 及ぶ, Jōyō)、および (oyobi, 及び, Jōyō)、およぼす (oyobosu, 及ぼす, Jōyō)
Nanori: おい (oi)

Korean

Hanja

及 (eum 급 (geup))