gin
English
Etymology 1
Abbreviation of geneva or alternatively from Dutch genever (“juniper”) from Old French genevre (French genièvre), from Latin iūniperus (“juniper”). Hence gin rummy (first attested 1941).
Pronunciation
Noun
gin (countable and uncountable, plural gins)
- A colourless non-aged alcoholic liquor made by distilling fermented grains such as barley, corn, oats or rye with juniper berries; the base for many cocktails.
- (uncountable) Gin rummy.
- (poker) Drawing the best card or combination of cards.
- Johnny Chan held jack-nine, and hit gin when a queen-ten-eight board was dealt out.
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
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References
- Douglas Harper (2001–2024) “gin”, in Online Etymology Dictionary.
- “gin”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
Etymology 2
Aphetism of Old French engin (“engine”).
Pronunciation
Noun
gin (plural gins)
- (obsolete) A trick; a device or instrument.
- (obsolete) Contrivance; artifice; a trap; a snare.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Chaucer to this entry?)
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Spenser to this entry?)
- A snare or trap for game.
- A machine for raising or moving heavy objects, consisting of a tripod formed of poles united at the top, with a windlass, pulleys, ropes, etc.
- (mining) A hoisting drum, usually vertical; a whim.
- A pile driver.
- A windpump.
- A cotton gin.
- An instrument of torture worked with screws.
Translations
Related terms
Verb
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- (transitive) To remove the seeds from cotton with a cotton gin.
- (transitive) To trap something in a gin.
Derived terms
Translations
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Etymology 3
From Middle English ginnen (“to begin”), contraction of beginnen, from Old English beginnan, from Proto-Germanic *biginnaną.
Pronunciation
Verb
gin (third-person singular simple present gins, present participle ginning, simple past gan, past participle gun)
- (archaic) To begin.
- 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tempest”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iii]:
- Gonzalo: All three of them are deſperate : their great guilt / (Like poyſon giuen to worke a great time after) / Now gins to bite the ſpirits : / […]
Etymology 4
Borrowed from Dharug dyin (“woman”), but having acquired a derogatory tone.[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
gin (plural gins)
- (Australia, now considered offensive) An Aboriginal woman.
- 1869, Thomas Livingstone Mitchell, Three Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia, Volume 1, page 273,
- His next shot was discharged amongst the mob, and most unfortunately wounded the gin already mentioned ; who, with a child fastened to her back, slid down the bank, and lay, apparently dying, with her legs in the water.
- 1894, Ivan Dexter, Talmud: A Strange Narrative of Central Australia, published in serial form in Port Adelaide News and Lefevre's Peninsula Advertiser (SA), Chapter XXI, [1]
- From my position I could see the gins pointing back, and as the men turned they looked for a moment and then made a wild rush for the entrance.
- 1938, Xavier Herbert, Capricornia, D. Appleton-Century, 1943, Chapter XXI, p. 353, [2]
- How they must have laughed about the strutting of her whose mother was a wanton and aunt a gin!
- 1988, Tom Cole, Hell West and Crooked, Angus & Robertson, 1995, p.179,
- Dad said Shoesmith and Thompson had made one error that cost them their lives by letting the gins into the camp, and the blacks speared them all.
- 2008, Bill Marsh, Jack Goldsmith, Goldie: Adventures in a Vanishing Australia, unnumbered page,
- But there was this gin there, see, what they called a kitchen girl.
- 1869, Thomas Livingstone Mitchell, Three Expeditions into the Interior of Eastern Australia, Volume 1, page 273,
Related terms
Synonyms
Derived terms
References
- ^ R. M. W. Dixon, Australian Aboriginal Words, Oxford University Press, 1990, →ISBN, page 167.
Etymology 5
Cognate to Scots gin (“if”): perhaps from gi(v)en,[1] or a compound in which the first element is from Old English ġif (English if) and the second is cognate to English an (“if”) (compare iffen),[1] or perhaps from again.[1]
Pronunciation
Conjunction
gin
- (chiefly Southern US, Appalachia, Scotland) If.
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 “gin”, in Dictionary.com Unabridged, Dictionary.com, LLC, 1995–present.
Anagrams
French
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
gin m (plural gins)
Further reading
- “gin”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Irish
Etymology
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(deprecated template usage) From Old Irish gainithir (“is born”), from Proto-Celtic *ganyetor (compare Welsh geni (“be born, bear”)) from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (compare English kin, Latin gignō (“beget, bear”), Ancient Greek γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “become”), Sanskrit जनति (janati, “beget”)).
Pronunciation
Noun
gin f (genitive singular gine, nominative plural ginte)
Declension
Derived terms
Verb
gin (present analytic gineann, future analytic ginfidh, verbal noun giniúint, past participle ginte)
Conjugation
* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Derived terms
- athghin (“regenerate”, verb)
Mutation
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
gin | ghin | ngin |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “gin”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gainithir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Janday
Noun
gin
Further reading
- John Gladstone Steele, Aboriginal Pathways: in Southeast Queensland and the Richmond River
Japanese
Romanization
gin
Scots
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Cognate to dialectal English gin (“if”), which see for more.
Conjunction
gin
- if (conditional; subjunctive)
- Gin A war ye, A wad gang. ― If I were you, I would go.
- (Can we find and add a quotation of Jamieson to this entry?)
- 1778, Alexander Ross, Fortunate Shepherdess, page 124:
- Then says the squire,
- Gin that be all your fear,
- She sanna want a man, for want of gear.
- A thousand pounds a year, well burthen free,
- I mak her sure of, gin she'll gang with me.
Etymology 2
From Old English [Term?].
Preposition
gin
- Against; nearby; towards.
- gin night ― (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
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(deprecated template usage) From Old Irish gainithir (“is born”), from Proto-Celtic *ganyetor (compare Welsh geni (“be born, bear”)) from Proto-Indo-European *ǵenh₁- (compare English kin, Latin gignō (“beget, bear”), Ancient Greek γίγνομαι (gígnomai, “become”), Sanskrit जनति (janati, “beget”)).
Pronunciation
Verb
gin (past ghin, future ginidh, verbal noun gintinn, past participle ginte)
Derived terms
Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |
---|---|
Radical | Lenition |
gin | ghin |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
References
- Edward Dwelly (1911) “gin”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary][3], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “gainithir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
Spanish
Noun
gin m (plural gines)
Synonyms
Swedish
Etymology
Pronunciation
Noun
gin n
- gin (liquor)
Anagrams
Wiradhuri
Noun
gin
- Alternative spelling of geen
- English terms derived from Dutch
- English terms derived from Old French
- English terms derived from Latin
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɪn
- English terms with homophones
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- en:Poker
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with obsolete senses
- Requests for quotations/Chaucer
- Requests for quotations/Spenser
- en:Mining
- English transitive verbs
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English verbs
- English terms with archaic senses
- English terms with quotations
- English terms borrowed from Dharug
- English terms derived from Dharug
- Australian English
- English offensive terms
- English conjunctions
- Southern US English
- Appalachian English
- Scottish English
- en:Cypress family plants
- en:Distilled beverages
- French terms borrowed from English
- French terms derived from English
- French 1-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French terms with homophones
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- fr:Distilled beverages
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish feminine nouns
- Irish second-declension nouns
- Irish verbs
- Irish first-conjugation verbs of class A
- Janday lemmas
- Janday nouns
- Japanese non-lemma forms
- Japanese romanizations
- Scots terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scots lemmas
- Scots conjunctions
- Scots terms with usage examples
- Requests for quotations/Jamieson
- Scots terms derived from Old English
- Scots prepositions
- Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Old Irish
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Old Irish
- Scottish Gaelic terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Scottish Gaelic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Scottish Gaelic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Scottish Gaelic lemmas
- Scottish Gaelic verbs
- gd:Computing
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish masculine nouns
- Swedish terms borrowed from English
- Swedish terms derived from English
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish neuter nouns
- sv:Distilled beverages
- Wiradjuri lemmas
- Wiradjuri nouns