弗
See also: 𢎵
Translingual
Han character
弗 (Kangxi radical 57, 弓+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 中中弓 (LLN), four-corner 55027, composition ⿻⿰丿丨弓)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 356, character 16
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9708
- Dae Jaweon: page 673, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 990, character 9
- Unihan data for U+5F17
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
弗 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 弗 | |
|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions |
|
|
Pictogram (象形) – two arrows, tied together to be straightened.
Later borrowed phonetically to mean “no”. The derivative 拂 stands for the original word.
Etymology 1
- not (verb) him/her/it
- Fusion of 不 (OC *pɯ, *pɯʔ, *pɯ', “not”) with 之 (OC *tjɯ, “third-person pronoun”) (Schuessler, 2007). See etymology of 不 for more.
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: fú
- Wade–Giles: fu2
- Yale: fú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fwu
- Palladius: фу (fu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /fu³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: fat1
- Yale: fāt
- Cantonese Pinyin: fat7
- Guangdong Romanization: fed1
- Sinological IPA (key): /fɐt̚⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: pjut
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*p[u]t/, /*put/
- (Zhengzhang): /*pɯd/
Definitions
- (obsolete or dialectal) not.
- 一簞食，一豆羹，得之則生，弗得則死。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
- Yī dān sì, yī dòu gēng, dé zhī zé shēng, fú dé zé sǐ. [Pinyin]
- Here are a small basket of rice and a platter of soup; getting them will enable survival, while not getting them will result in death.
一箪食，一豆羹，得之则生，弗得则死。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Synonyms
Usage notes
- In modern Chinese, this character is almost entirely used for phonetic translations. The character mainly represents the phoneme /f/ in word-final and preconsonantal positions.
- The characters 不 (bù) and 否 (fǒu) are far more commonly used to mean “no”.
Compounds
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Etymology 2
| For pronunciation and definitions of 弗 – see 費 (“to cost; to spend; to expend; to consume; to use; to exhaust; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 費). |
Notes:
|
Japanese
Kanji
弗
Readings
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 弗 |
| ふつ Hyōgai |
| kan'on |
Originally borrowed from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese 弗 (*pjut), meaning either “not” or “a gust of wind”. Apparently later repurposed during the later Edo period for its phonetic value in translating the (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Dutch fluor (“fluorine”).
Pronunciation
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Affix
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 弗化 (ふっか, fukka): fluoridation; fluoro-, fluor-; fluorinated
- 弗化カルシウム (ふっかカルシウム, fukka karushiumu): calcium fluoride, CaF2
- 六弗化リン酸リチウム (ろくふっかりんさんりちうむ, roku fukka rinsan richiumu): lithium hexafluorophosphate
- 弗化水素 (ふっかすいそ, fukka suiso): hydrogen fluoride, HF
- 弗化水素酸 (ふっかすいそさん, fukka suiso san): hydrofluoric acid
- 弗化物 (ふっかぶつ, fukkabutsu): fluoride
- 六弗化硫黄 (ろくふっかいおう, ろくふっかいおう): sulfur hexafluoride
- 弗酸 (ふっさん, fussan): short for 弗化水素酸 (fukka suiso san): hydrofluoric acid
- 弗素 (ふっそ, fusso): fluorine, F
Template:der-mid Purely phonetic uses:
Usage notes
Seldom used. In chemistry contexts, almost always spelled in katakana as フツ, appearing in most compounds as フッ.
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 弗 |
| どる Hyōgai |
| kun'yomi |
Repurposed for its visual similarity to the dollar symbol $. This reading is ultimately borrowed from Dutch dollar.[1][2]
Pronunciation
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Alternative forms
Symbol
- a dollar
Usage notes
Occasionally seen, but more often encountered in the katakana spelling of ドル.
See also
- 仙 (sento)
References
Korean
Hanja
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}. - Repurposed for its visual similarity to the dollar symbol $.[1]
References
Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 弗 (phất)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- Japanese terms spelled with 弗 read as ふつ
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- ja:Chemistry
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