公主

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Chinese

[edit]
just; honourable; public
just; honourable; public; common; fair; duke; mister
 
to own; to host; master
to own; to host; master; lord; primary
 
trad. (公主)
simp. #(公主)
anagram 主公

Etymology

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In Volume I of his 1085 treatise Records of the Origins of Affairs and Things (事物紀原), Gao Cheng (高承) quoted Chūnqiū Zhǐzhǎng Suìyù's (春秋指掌碎玉) statement that:

天子以來使三公公主。” [Classical Chinese, trad.]
天子以来使三公公主。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Tiānzǐ jià nǚ, qín hàn yǐlái, shǐ sāngōng zhǔ zhī, gù hū gōngzhǔ yě.” [Pinyin]
[When] the Son of Heaven married off a daughter, ever since Qin and Han periods, he employed [one of] the Three Dukes [gōng] () to host [zhǔ] () [the marriage]. Hence the appellation Gōngzhǔ (公主).

Pronunciation

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Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (28) (23)
Final () (1) (24)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Closed
Division () I III
Fanqie
Baxter kuwng tsyuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kuŋ/ /t͡ɕɨoX/
Pan
Wuyun
/kuŋ/ /t͡ɕioX/
Shao
Rongfen
/kuŋ/ /t͡ɕioX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kəwŋ/ /cuə̆X/
Li
Rong
/kuŋ/ /t͡ɕioX/
Wang
Li
/kuŋ/ /t͡ɕĭuX/
Bernard
Karlgren
/kuŋ/ /t͡ɕi̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
gōng zhǔ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gung1 zyu2
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gōng gōng zhǔ
Middle
Chinese
‹ kuwng › ‹ kuwng › ‹ tsyuX ›
Old
Chinese
/*C.qˁoŋ/ /*C.qˁoŋ/ /*toʔ/
English impartial, just; public father; prince master; host

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 4092 17618
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kloːŋ/ /*tjoʔ/

Noun

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公主

  1. daughter of a monarch; princess
  2. princess (young girl or woman considered vain, spoiled or selfish)
  3. (euphemistic, slang) female prostitute

Synonyms

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  • (young girl or woman considered vain): (neologism, slang) 公舉公举 (gōngjǔ)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (公主):
  • Japanese: (こう)(しゅ) (kōshu)
  • Korean: 공주(公主) (gongju)
  • Manchu: ᡤᡠᠩᠵᡠ (gungju)
  • Mongolian: ᠭᠦ᠋ᠩᠵᠦ (güngǰü) / гүнж (günž)
  • Sogdian: γwnčwyh
  • Old Turkic: 𐰸𐰆𐰨𐰖 (q̊¹unčy¹ /⁠qunčui⁠/)
    • Karakhanid: [script needed] (qunčūy)

    Japanese

    [edit]
    Kanji in this term
    こう
    Grade: 2
    しゅ
    Grade: 3
    kan'on

    Etymology

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    Middle Chinese 公主 (kuŋ t͡ɕɨoX, literally her marriage is presided by the 三公 (Three Ducal Ministers))

    Pronunciation

    [edit]

    Noun

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    (こう)(しゅ) (kōshu

    1. (historical, monarchy) a non-Japanese East Asian princess
      Hyponyms: 皇女, 王女

    See also

    [edit]

    Korean

    [edit]
    Hanja in this term

    Noun

    [edit]

    公主 (gongju) (hangeul 공주)

    1. hanja form? of 공주 (princess)

    Vietnamese

    [edit]
    chữ Hán Nôm in this term

    Noun

    [edit]

    公主

    1. chữ Hán form of công chúa (princess).