切
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Alternative forms
[edit]Note that in Chinese scripts (simplified/traditional), the left component is written ㇐ followed by ㇙ (with an upward hook). In Japanese, Korean and Vietnamese scripts the left component ends with ㇟ as in 七, which is also the historical form found in the Kangxi Dictionary.
Han character
[edit]切 (Kangxi radical 18, 刀+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 心尸竹 (PSH), four-corner 47720, composition ⿰七刀)
Derived characters
[edit]- 沏 𠯦 𢗠 𢗧 𢪃 𭎄 𮤺
- 𣐆 𤆻 䀙 砌 𬍔 𰹹
- 苆 袃 𥾛 𦕀 𫊧 𮅀
- 䟙 𨥓 𨥔 𩚦 𰎊
- 𢘰 𥿚 𫾌 (derived from the alternate compatibility variant 切)
- 彻 (Simplified form of 徹)
- 窃 (Japanese Shinjitai and Simplified form of 竊)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 136, character 9
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1858
- Dae Jaweon: page 307, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 320, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5207
Further reading
[edit]Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
切 | |
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alternative forms | 𪥂 𭃄 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 切 | ||
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | Libian (compiled in Qing) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts | Clerical script |
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *sn̥ʰiːds, *sn̥ʰiːd) : phonetic 七 (OC *sn̥ʰid) + semantic 刀 (“knife”).
Etymology 1
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): qie2
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cit3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): ciah4
- Eastern Min (BUC): chiék / chiák
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7chiq / 7tshiq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cie
- Wade–Giles: chʻieh1
- Yale: chyē
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chie
- Palladius: це (ce)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵⁵/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: qie2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: kie
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiɛ²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cit3
- Yale: chit
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsit8
- Guangdong Romanization: qid3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiet
- Hakka Romanization System: qiedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qiad5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯et̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: ciah4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡sʰiaʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chiék / chiák
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiɛʔ²⁴/, /t͡sʰiɑʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Philippines)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhiat
- Tâi-lô: tshiat
- Phofsit Daibuun: chiad
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Singapore): /t͡sʰiɛt̚³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Philippines): /t͡sʰiɛt̚⁵/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ciag4 / ciêg4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiak / tshiek
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiak̚²/, /t͡sʰiek̚²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Singapore, Philippines)
- ciag4 - Shantou;
- ciêg4 - Chaozhou.
- Middle Chinese: tshet
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤi[t]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sn̥ʰiːd/
Definitions
[edit]切
- to cut; to slice; to carve; to mince with a knife
- to cut off; to disconnect
- (mathematics) tangent
- to switch
Compounds
[edit]- 一刀切 (yīdāoqiē)
- 互切互磋
- 公切線/公切线
- 公切面
- 刀切斧砍
- 刀切豆腐
- 切入 (qiērù)
- 切分法
- 切分音
- 切削 (qiēxiāo)
- 切割 (qiēgē)
- 切口
- 切接法
- 切換/切换 (qiēhuàn)
- 切斷/切断 (qiēduàn)
- 切片 (qiēpiàn)
- 切片檢查/切片检查
- 切球
- 切碎 (qiēsuì)
- 切磋 (qiēcuō)
- 切磋琢磨 (qiēcuōzhuómó)
- 切線/切线 (qiēxiàn)
- 切腹自殺/切腹自杀
- 切除 (qiēchú)
- 切麵/切面 (qiēmiàn)
- 割切 (gēqiē)
- 外公切線/外公切线
- 外切多邊形/外切多边形
- 如切如磋
- 如砍瓜切菜一般
- 弦切角
- 橫切/横切
- 熟切店
- 病理切片
- 白切肉
- 砍瓜切菜
- 縱切面/纵切面 (zōngqiēmiàn)
- 薄批細切/薄批细切
- 餘切/余切 (yúqiē)
- 馬蹄刀瓢裡切菜/马蹄刀瓢里切菜
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cit3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhiet
- Eastern Min (BUC): chiék
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7chiq / 7tshiq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ciè
- Wade–Giles: chʻieh4
- Yale: chyè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chieh
- Palladius: це (ce)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cit3
- Yale: chit
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsit8
- Guangdong Romanization: qid3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiet
- Hakka Romanization System: qiedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qiad5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯et̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chiék
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiɛʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhoeh
- Tâi-lô: tshueh
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhoeq
- IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰueʔ³²/
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰueʔ⁵/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheh
- Tâi-lô: tsheh
- Phofsit Daibuun: zheq
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰeʔ³²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
- chhoeh/chheh - vernacular;
- chhiat - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ciag4 / ciêg4
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshiak / tshiek
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiak̚²/, /t͡sʰiek̚²/
- ciag4 - Shantou;
- ciêg4 - Chaozhou.
- Middle Chinese: tshet
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤi[t]/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sn̥ʰiːd/
Definitions
[edit]切
- to be close to
- to bite tightly; to clench
- to correspond to; to match
- (traditional Chinese medicine) to feel the pulse
- eager; ardent
- urgent; pressing
- must; by all means
- main point
- (phonetics) Short for 反切 (fǎnqiè, “fanqie”).
Compounds
[edit]- 不切實際/不切实际 (bùqièshíjì)
- 不真切
- 仁波切 (rénbōqiè)
- 令人切齒/令人切齿
- 倍感親切/倍感亲切
- 切中 (qièzhòng)
- 切中時弊/切中时弊
- 切切 (qièqiè)
- 切切實實/切切实实
- 切切私語/切切私语 (qièqièsīyǔ)
- 切勿 (qièwù)
- 切口
- 切合 (qièhé)
- 切囑/切嘱
- 切圓/切圆
- 切實/切实 (qièshí)
- 切對/切对
- 切峻
- 切己
- 切心
- 切忌 (qièjì)
- 切意
- 切愛/切爱
- 切末
- 切當/切当
- 切盼
- 切結/切结
- 切結書/切结书
- 切肩
- 切脈/切脉 (qièmài)
- 切腳/切脚
- 切膚/切肤 (qièfū)
- 切膚之痛/切肤之痛
- 切至
- 切莫 (qièmò)
- 切要 (qièyào)
- 切角
- 切記/切记 (qièjì)
- 切診/切诊 (qièzhěn)
- 切諫/切谏
- 切責/切责
- 切身 (qièshēn)
- 切近 (qièjìn)
- 切鄰/切邻
- 切雲/切云
- 切面 (qiēmiàn)
- 切音
- 切韻/切韵 (Qièyùn)
- 切題/切题 (qiètí)
- 切骨 (qiègǔ)
- 切骨之仇
- 切點/切点 (qiēdiǎn)
- 切齒/切齿 (qièchǐ)
- 切齒咬牙/切齿咬牙
- 切齒拊心/切齿拊心
- 切齒腐心/切齿腐心
- 剛切/刚切
- 剴切/剀切 (kǎiqiè)
- 反切
- 咬牙切齒/咬牙切齿 (yǎoyáqièchǐ)
- 嚴切/严切
- 妥切
- 密切 (mìqiè)
- 密切追隨/密切追随
- 密密切切
- 峻切
- 律切
- 心切 (xīnqiè)
- 急切 (jíqiè)
- 怒目切齒/怒目切齿
- 恨之切骨 (hènzhīqiègǔ)
- 悽切/凄切 (qīqiè)
- 情切 (qíngqiè)
- 悲切 (bēiqiè)
- 悲喜交切
- 悲悲切切
- 情詞懇切/情词恳切
- 意切言盡/意切言尽
- 意切辭盡/意切辞尽
- 慘切/惨切
- 憤切/愤切
- 懇切/恳切 (kěnqiè)
- 拊膺切齒/拊膺切齿
- 操切 (cāoqiè)
- 攘袂切齒/攘袂切齿
- 明義理,切世用/明义理,切世用
- 會文切理/会文切理
- 望聞問切/望闻问切 (wàngwénwènqiè)
- 極切瞻韓/极切瞻韩
- 正切 (zhèngqiē)
- 殷切 (yīnqiè)
- 求好心切
- 浮聲切響/浮声切响
- 淒切/凄切 (qīqiè)
- 深切 (shēnqiè)
- 清切
- 激切 (jīqiè)
- 熱切/热切 (rèqiè)
- 痛切 (tòngqiè)
- 痛切心骨
- 痛心切齒/痛心切齿
- 相切 (xiāngqiē)
- 真切 (zhēnqiè)
- 瞋目切齒/瞋目切齿
- 確切/确切 (quèqiè)
- 私言切語/私言切语
- 種切/种切
- 端切
- 精切
- 緊切/紧切
- 義切中抱/义切中抱
- 苛切
- 要切
- 親切/亲切 (qīnqiè)
- 診切/诊切
- 貼切/贴切 (tiēqiè)
- 較切/较切
- 迫切 (pòqiè)
- 迫切性
- 適切/适切 (shìqiè)
- 關切/关切 (guānqiè)
- 關切補詞/关切补词
- 飢凍交切/饥冻交切
- 飢寒交切/饥寒交切
Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cai3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhiet
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhè / chhiat
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 7chiq / 7tshiq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ciè
- Wade–Giles: chʻieh4
- Yale: chyè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chieh
- Palladius: це (ce)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: че (či͡ə, II)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiə⁵¹/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cai3
- Yale: chai
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsai3
- Guangdong Romanization: cei3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐi̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiet
- Hakka Romanization System: qiedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qiad5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯et̚²/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: tshejH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*sn̥ʰiːds/
Definitions
[edit]切
- Used in 一切 (yīqiè, “all; every; everything; anything”).
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 4
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ciè
- Wade–Giles: chʻieh4
- Yale: chyè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chieh
- Palladius: це (ce)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]切
- (Mandarin, chiefly women's speech, colloquial) An interjection conveying a slight sense of disdain or dissatisfaction.
See also
[edit]Etymology 5
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cit3
- Yale: chit
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsit8
- Guangdong Romanization: qid3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiːt̚³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
[edit]切
References
[edit]- “切”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00332
- “Entry #595”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
- zi.tools
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]- Go-on: せち (sechi); さい (sai, Jōyō †)
- Kan-on: せつ (setsu, Jōyō); せい (sei)
- Kun: きる (kiru, 切る, Jōyō); きれる (kireru, 切れる, Jōyō)
- Nanori: きつ (kitsu); きり (kiri); ぎり (giri)
Compounds
[edit]- 切っ掛け (kikkake), 切掛 (kikkake, “chance, start”)
- 切手 (kitte, “postage stamp”)
- 切符 (kippu, “ticket”)
- 切符を切る (kippu o kiru, “rip off a coupon”)
- 切らす (kirasu, “be out of, run out of”)
- 切り上げ (kiriage, “end, conclusion”)
- 切り替える (kirikaeru, “change, exchange”)
- 切り替え (kirikae, “exchange, conversion”)
- 切りがない (kiri ga nai), 切りが無い (kiri ga nai, “endless, innumerable”)
- 切り紙 (kirigami, “wallpaper”)
- 切り崩す (kirikuzusu, “level, cut through”)
- 切り口 (kirikuchi, “cut end, section”)
- 切り下げ (kirisage, “devaluation, markdown”)
- 切支丹 (kirishitan), 切死丹 (kirishitan, “early Japanese Christianity”)
- 切り捨てる (kirisuteru, “cut down, truncate”)
- 切り捨て (kirisute, “omission, rounding down”)
- 切り倒す (kiritaosu, “fell a tree”)
- 切り抜き (kirinuki, “scraps, cuts”)
- 切り離す (kirihanasu, “detach, decapitate”)
- 切り札 (kirifuda, “trump card”)
- 切れ味 (kireaji, “the feel of a cutting edge”)
- 切れ切れの (kiregire no, “scrap, disconnected”)
- 切れた縄 (kireta nawa, “broken rope”)
- 切れの帽子 (kire no bōshi, “cloth hat”)
- 切れ端 (kirehashi, “scraps, cut end”)
- 切れ目 (kireme, “break, pause”)
- 切実 (setsujitsu, “compelling, serious”)
- 切除 (setsujo, “cut off, cut out”)
- 切断 (setsudan, “cutting, severance”)
- 切ない (setsunai, “painful, oppressive”)
- 切開 (sekkai, “incision, operation”)
- 切迫 (seppaku, “pressure, urgency”)
- 切腹 (seppuku, “ritual suicide”)
- 言い切る (iikiru, “declare, assert”)
- 息切れ (ikigire, “shortness of breath”)
- 一切 (issai, “all, everything”)
- 打ち切る (uchikiru, “stop, abort”)
- 打ち切り (uchikiri, “end, close”)
- 裏切る (uragiru, “betray, turn traitor”)
- 売り切れる (urikireru, “be sold out”)
- 売り切れ (urikire, “sold out”)
- 縁切り (enkiri, “separation, divorce”)
- 押し切る (oshikiru, “face down the opposition”)
- 思い切る (omoikiru, “give up all thoughts of”)
- 貸し切り (kashikiri), 貸切り (kashikiri, “reserved, reservation”)
- 皮切り (kawakiri, “beginning, start”)
- 缶切り (kankiri, “can opener”)
- 区切る (kugiru, “punctuate, cut off”)
- 区切り (kugiri, “punctuation, end”)
- ケーキ一切れ (kēki hitokire, “a piece of cake”)
- 小切手 (kogitte, “check”)
- 懇切 (konsetsu, “kindness, cordiality”)
- 時間切れ (jikangire, “out of time”)
- 仕切る (shikiru, “partition, divide”)
- 仕切り (shikiri, “partition, division”)
- 品切れ (shinagire, “out of stock”)
- 締め切る (shimekiru, “close up, shut up”)
- 親切 (shinsetsu, “kindness, gentleness”)
- 澄み切る (sumikiru, “to be serene”)
- 大切 (taisetsu, “important, valuable”)
- 試し切り (tameshigiri, “trying out a new sword or blade”)
- 千切る (chigiru, “cut up fine”)
- 千切れる (chigireru, “be torn to pieces”)
- 痛切 (tsūsetsu, “keen, acute”)
- 疲れ切る (tsukarekiru, “be exhausted”)
- 爪切り (tsumekiri, “nail clippers”)
- 適切 (tekisetsu, “pertinent, appropriate”)
- 手切れ (tegire, “severing of connections”)
- 電池切れ (denchigire, “flat battery”)
- 電話を切る (denwa o kiru, “hang up the phone”)
- 途切れる (togireru, “pause, be interrupted”)
- 逃げ切る (nigekiru, “manage to hold on”)
- 値切る (negiru, “drive a bargain”)
- 歯切れ (hagire, “the feel when biting”)
- 腹切り (harakiri, “ritual suicide”)
- 張り切る (harikiru, “be in high spirits”)
- 半切 (hansetsu, “half size”)
- 不親切 (fushinsetsu, “unkindness, unfriendliness”)
- 二切れのパン (futakire no pan, “two slices of bread”)
- ブチ切れ (buchikire, “livid”)
- 踏み切る (fumikiru, “make a bold start”)
- 振り切る (furikiru, “shake free from”)
- 幕切れ (makugire, “fall of the curtain”)
- 見切り (mikiri, “abandon, forsake”)
- 見切り発車 (mikiri hassha, “making a snap decision”)
- みじん切り (mijingiri, “finely chopped”)
- 紋切り型 (monkirigata, “fixed formula”)
- やり切れない (yarikirenai, “unbearable, intolerable”)
- 指切り (yubikiri, “pinky promise”)
- 飛び切り (yubikiri, “extraordinary, superior”)
- 横切る (yokogiru, “cross, traverse”)
- 四つ切り (yotsugiri, “cutting into four”)
- 読み切る (yomikiru, “finish reading”)
- 輪切り (wagiri, “round slices”)
- 割り切る (warikiru, “give a clear explanation”)
Korean
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]From Middle Chinese 切 (MC tshet).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 쳐ᇙ〮 (Yale: chyélq) | |
Middle Korean | ||
Text | Eumhun | |
Gloss (hun) | Reading | |
Sinjeung Yuhap, 1576 | 졀ᄒᆞᆯ (Yale: cyel-hol) | 졀 (Yale: cyel) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʌ̹ɭ]
- Phonetic hangul: [절]
Hanja
[edit]切 (eumhun 끊을 절 (kkeuneul jeol))
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]From Middle Chinese 切 (MC tshejH).
Historical Readings | ||
---|---|---|
Dongguk Jeongun Reading | ||
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 | 촁〮 (Yale: chyéy) |
Pronunciation
[edit]- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕʰe̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [체]
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]切: Hán Nôm readings: thiết, siết, thiếc, thướt, xắt, thế
- to slice
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