essere

See also: èssere

Italian

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *essere, from Latin esse, present active infinitive of sum (“I am”), from Proto-Italic *ezom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“I am, I exist”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɛs.se.re/, [ˈɛs̪s̪er̺e]

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛssere
• Stress: èssere
• Hyphenation: es‧se‧re

Verb

essere

1. (intransitive, indicating existence, identity, location, or state) to be, to stay
2. (auxiliary, used to form composite past tense of many intransitive verbs) to have (done something); to be in the state of having (done something); See Category:Italian verbs taking essere as auxiliary.
3. (impersonal, of a duration of time since an event) to have passed

Usage notes

• The present participle essente is very rare, and is usually replaced with stante, the present participle of stare. Similarly the past participle essuto has disappeared, with stato, the past participle of stare, being used instead.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of essere

infinitive	essere
auxiliary verb		essere	gerund		essendo
present participle		essente	past participle		stato
person	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	io	tu	lui/lei, esso/essa	noi	voi	loro, essi/esse
present	sono	sei	è	siamo	siete	sono
imperfect	ero	eri	era	eravamo	eravate	erano
past historic	fui	fosti	fu	fummo	foste	furono
future	sarò	sarai	sarà	saremo	sarete	saranno
conditional	io	tu	lui/lei, esso/essa	noi	voi	loro, essi/esse
present	sarei	saresti	sarebbe	saremmo	sareste	sarebbero
subjunctive	che io	che tu	che lui/che lei, che esso/che essa	che noi	che voi	che loro, che essi/che esse
present	sia	sia	sia	siamo	siate	siano
imperfect	fossi	fossi	fosse	fossimo	foste	fossero
imperative	—	tu	Lei	noi	voi	Loro
		sii, non essere	sia	siamo	siate	siano

Noun

essere m (plural esseri)

1. being

Related terms

• essenza
• esserci, essersi, esservi
• essere umano

Anagrams

• eresse

---

Sardinian

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *essere, from Latin esse, present active infinitive of sum (“I am”), from Proto-Italic *ezom, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti (“I am, I exist”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈesseɾe/

Verb

essere

1. (intransitive) to be (to exist)

   Eo so su chi so ― I am who I am (literally, “I am that which I am”)

2. (intransitive) to be (to occupy a place)

   Est in Tatari ― [He] is in Sassari

Noun

essere ? (please provide plural)

1. being

   sos esseres umanos ― [the] human beings

---

Tarantino

Verb

essere

1. (intransitive) to be

Usage notes

• Not used as an auxiliary verb.

Conjugation

    Conjugation of essere (highly irregular, suppletive)

infinitive	essere
gerund		?		past participle		?
person	singular			plural
	first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	ije	tu	jidde / jèdde	nuje	vuje	lóre
present	so'	sì, sìnde	jè, jé, éte	síme	síte	sò, sònde
imperfect	ére	ìre	ére, jéve	èreme	írene	èrene, jèvene
perfect	fuéve	fuìste	fu'	fuèmme	fuèsteve	fúrene
subjunctive	cu ije	cu tu	cu jidde / cu jèdde	cu nuje	cu vuje	cu lóre
present	sije	sía	sije	síme	síte	síene
imperfect	fòsse	fuèsse	fòsse	fòsseme	fuèsseve	fòssere
imperative	–	tu	jidde / jèdde	nuje	vuje	lóre
	—	?	?	?	?	?