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Japanese
Stroke order
Etymology 1 The hiragana character は ( ha ) with a dakuten (゛
Pronunciation Syllable ば (romaji ba
The hiragana syllable ば ( ba ) . Its equivalent in katakana is バ ( ba ) . See also (Hiragana 平仮名 あ ぁ い ぃ う ぅ ゔ え ぇ お ぉ か ゕ が き ぎ く ぐ け ゖ げ こ 𛄲 ( 𛄲 ) ご さ ざ し じ す ず せ ぜ そ ぞ た だ ち ぢ つ っ づ て で と ど な に ぬ ね の は ば ぱ ひ び ぴ ふ ぶ ぷ へ べ ぺ ほ ぼ ぽ ま み む め も や ゃ 𛀆 ゆ ゅ 𛀁 よ ょ ら ら゚ り り゚ る る゚ れ れ゚ ろ ろ゚ わ ゎ わ゙ ゐ 𛅐 ( 𛅐 ) ゐ゙ 𛄟 ( 𛄟 ) , ゑ 𛅑 ( 𛅑 ) ゑ゙ を 𛅒 ( 𛅒 ) を゙ ん ー ゝ ゞ ゟ Etymology 2 Originally an extension of the topic particle は ( wa ) .[1] wa changes to ba as an instance of rendaku (連濁
Pronunciation In Tokyo dialect, the pitch accent of the verb construction depends on the verb or adjective it attaches to:[2] When attached to an accented verb, the accent is unmodified: つく る [tsùkúꜜrù] つく れば [tsùkúꜜrèbà]
When attached to an unaccented verb, an accent is added on the mora before ba : あそぶ [àsóbú] あそべ ば [àsóbéꜜbà] Particle ば • (-ba
In Modern Japanese, attaches to the kateikei , and in Classical Japanese, attaches to the mizenkei , to express the hypothetical condition: if
雨( あめ ) が降( ふ ) れば 遠( えん ) 足( そく ) を中( ちゅう ) 止( し ) する。Ame ga fureba ensoku o chūshi suru. If it rains, we will suspend our trip.急( いそ ) がば 回( まわ ) れisogaba maware ― If you rush, you'll go round → more haste, less speed In Modern Japanese, attaches to the kateikei , and in Classical Japanese, attaches to the izenkei , to express the precondition for something to happen: if ; when
雨( あめ ) が降( ふ ) れば 道( みち ) が濡( ぬ ) れる。Ame ga fureba michi ga nureru. The road gets wet when it rains. c. 9th –mid-10th century , Taketori Monogatari それを見( み ) れば 、三( さん ) 寸( すん ) ばかりなる人( ひと ) いと美( うつく ) しうて居( ゐ ) たり。 Sore o mireba , sansun bakari naru hito ito utsukushūte itari. When he looked at it, there sat a very lovely human being about three sun
宇( う ) 宙( ちゅう ) から見( み ) れば 地( ち ) 球( きゅう ) も流( なが ) れ星( ぼし ) uchū kara mireba chikyū mo nagareboshi If you see from the universe the earth is also a shooting star In the form …ば…ほど ( … ba … hodo ) : more …, the more
学( まな ) べば 学( まな ) ぶほど、何( なに ) も知( し ) らなかった事( こと ) に気( き ) づくManabeba manabu hodo, nani mo shiranakatta koto ni kizuku The more I learned, the more I felt I didn't know anything. In the form …も …ば…も ( … mo … ba … mo ) , links items in parallel: and …
日( に ) 本( ほん ) 語( ご ) もできれば 英( えい ) 語( ご ) もできるnihongo mo dekireba eigo mo dekiru to be able to speak both Japanese and English ( archaic ) In the form mizenkei + ば ( ba ) + meireikei on the same verb: 死( し ) なば 死( し ) ねshinaba shine ― I might as well die. ( archaic ) In Modern Japanese, attaches to the kateikei , and in Classical Japanese, attaches to the izenkei , to express the reason or cause: because ; as
雨( あめ ) 降( ふ ) れば 運( うん ) 動( どう ) 会( かい ) は中( ちゅう ) 止( し ) せり。Ame fureba undōkai wa chūshi seri. The sports meeting is suspended due to rain. 1901 , 慶應義塾 修身要領 結( けっ ) 婚( こん ) は人( じん ) 生( せい ) の重( じゅう ) 大( だい ) 事( じ ) なれば 配( はい ) 偶( ぐう ) の選( せん ) 択( たく ) は最( もっと ) も慎( しん ) 重( ちょう ) ならざる可( べか ) らずkekkon wa jinsei no jūdaiji nareba haigū no sentaku wa motto mo shinchō narazaru bekarazu Since marriage is a major event in life, the choice of a spouse has to be the most cautious.
第( だい ) 六( ろく ) 活( かつ ) 用( よう ) 形( けい ) の「死( し ) ね」は命( めい ) 令( れい ) をいふときに用( もち ) ゐる形( かたち ) なれば 命( めい ) 令( れい ) 形( けい ) といふ。Dairoku katsuyōkei no “shine” wa meirei o iu toki ni mochiiru katachi nareba meireikei to iu. The sixth conjugated form shine is the form used when expressing a command, so it's called the imperative form. Synonyms ( hypothetical condition ) : なら ( nara ) , ならば ( naraba ) ( precondition ) : と ( to ) ( may as well ) : とも かまわない ( tomo kamawanai ) ( reason, cause ) : から ( kara ) , ので ( node ) Etymology 3
For pronunciation and definitions of ば – see the following entry.
(This term, ば , is the hiragana spelling of the above term.)For a list of all kanji read as ば , see Category:Japanese kanji read as ば .)
Etymology 4
For pronunciation and definitions of ば – see the following entries.
(This term, ば , is the hiragana spelling of the above terms.)For a list of all kanji read as ば , see Category:Japanese kanji read as ば .)
References 