冠
Translingual
Han character
冠 (Kangxi radical 14, 冖+7, 9 strokes, cangjie input 月一山戈 (BMUI), four-corner 37214, composition ⿱冖㝴)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 130, character 23
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1580
- Dae Jaweon: page 292, character 27
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 303, character 18
- Unihan data for U+51A0
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
冠 | |
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alternative forms | 𠖌 𠙙 𠜍 𢃙 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 冠 | |
---|---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
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冠 | *kŋoːn, *kŋoːns |
莞 | *kŋoːn, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋroːnʔ |
脘 | *ŋkoːnʔ |
筦 | *ŋkoːnʔ |
梡 | *ŋ̊ʰoːnʔ, *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ |
岏 | *ŋoːn |
刓 | *ŋoːn |
园 | *ŋoːn |
忨 | *ŋoːn, *ŋoːns |
蚖 | *ŋoːn, *ŋon |
黿 | *ŋoːn, *ŋon |
抏 | *ŋoːn |
玩 | *ŋoːns |
貦 | *ŋoːns |
翫 | *ŋoːns |
妧 | *ŋoːns |
完 | *ɦŋoːn |
捖 | *ɦŋoːn |
垸 | *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːns |
綄 | *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋoːnʔ |
院 | *ɦŋoːn, *ɦŋons |
皖 | *ɦŋoːnʔ, *ɦŋroːnʔ |
晥 | *ɦŋoːnʔ |
浣 | *ɦŋoːnʔ |
頑 | *ŋroːn, *ŋroːn |
睆 | *ɦŋroːnʔ |
鯇 | *ɦŋroːnʔ |
元 | *ŋon |
沅 | *ŋon |
芫 | *ŋon |
杬 | *ŋon |
邧 | *ŋon, *ŋonʔ |
阮 | *ŋon, *ŋonʔ |
俒 | *ɦŋuːn, *ɦŋuːns |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *kŋoːn, *kŋoːns) : semantic 冖 (“hat”) + phonetic 元 (OC *ŋon, “head”) + semantic 寸 (“hand”) – a hand putting a hat on the head. Also ideogrammic (會意/会意) .
Earlier forms are phono-semantic (形聲/形声, OC *kŋoːn, *kŋoːns) : semantic 冃 (“hat”) + phonetic 元 (OC *ŋon).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *(g/k)wa-n (“to put on; to wear; to clothe”). Cognate with Tibetan བགོ (bgo, “to put on; to wear; clothing”), གོས (gos, “clothes; garments; dress”), གོན (gon), གྱོན (gyon, “to put on; to wear”), སྐོན (skon, “to dress; to clothe”).
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): gun1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kôn
- Eastern Min (BUC): guăng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1kuoe
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄢ
- Tongyong Pinyin: guan
- Wade–Giles: kuan1
- Yale: gwān
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guan
- Palladius: гуань (guanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ku̯än⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gun1
- Yale: gūn
- Cantonese Pinyin: gun1
- Guangdong Romanization: gun1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuːn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kôn
- Hakka Romanization System: gonˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gon1
- Sinological IPA: /kon²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: guăng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuaŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- guang1 - Shantou;
- guêng1 - Chaozhou.
- Middle Chinese: kwan
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k.ʔ]ˤor/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kŋoːn/
Definitions
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2
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Definitions
- † to put on a hat; to wear a hat
- (historical) ceremony marking a male's coming of age at 20
- † (of a male) to reach adulthood
- † to rank first; to excel; to surpass
- † to cover; to put on top of
- to precede (e.g. with a title); to attach; to put on
- † superior; excellent; outstanding
- † first place
- champion; winner; victor
- (linguistics) Short for 冠詞/冠词 (guàncí, “article”).
- a surname
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
Readings
- Go-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)←くわん (kwan, historical)
- Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)←くわん (kwan, historical)
- Kun: かんむり (kanmuri, 冠, Jōyō)
- Nanori: かもり (kamori)、まさる (masaru)
Compounds
Derived terms
- 瓜田に履を納れず、李下に冠を正さず (kaden ni kutsu o irezu, rika ni kanmuri o tadasazu)
Etymology 1
Kanji in this term |
---|
冠 |
かがふり Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
/kaɡapuri/ → /kaɡafuri/
From Old Japanese.
Pronunciation
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Noun
See also
- 位階 (ikai, “court rank”)
Etymology 2
Kanji in this term |
---|
冠 |
かぶり Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Likely a shift from kagafuri above, ancient kagapuri. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
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Noun
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Synonyms
- (full house): 大入り (ōiri)
Etymology 3
Kanji in this term |
---|
冠 |
かむり Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
A shift from kaburi above. (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
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Noun
- headdress, crown
- distance from the tunnel's roof to the surface directly above it
- (poetry) first (traditionally, five) morae of a haiku, etc.; specifically, the first verse or line of a poem
Etymology 4
Kanji in this term |
---|
冠 |
こうぶり Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
A shift from kagafuri above, ancient kagapuri.[1]
Pronunciation
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Noun
Compounds
- 初冠 (uikōburi, “crowning a boy for the first time at a coming-of-age ceremony”)
Etymology 5
Kanji in this term |
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冠 |
かんむり Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
The modern spelling. A shift from kōburi above, historical kauburi.[1] Also encountered is kanburi.
Pronunciation
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Noun
- a crown (royal headdress)
- 1999 November 18, “冠を戴く蒼き翼 [Crowned Blue Wings]”, in Vol.6, Konami:
- 頭の毛が冠のように見える、青白く燃えるトリ。
- Atama no ke ga kanmuri no yō ni mieru, aojiroku moeru tori.
- A bluish fiery bird whose feathers on its head resemble a crown.
- 頭の毛が冠のように見える、青白く燃えるトリ。
- a type of traditional cap
- name; title; named sponsorship of a program, event, team, etc.
- the top radical of a kanji, such as 冖 as in 冠 itself
Compounds
- 冠海雀 (kanmuri-umisuzume, “Japanese murrelet (Synthliboramphus wumizusume)”)
- 冠鳰 (kanmuri-kaitsuburi, “great crested grebe (Podiceps cristatus)”)
- 冠狐猿 (kanmuri-kitsunezaru, “crowned lemur (Lua error in Module:parameters at line 797: Parameter "ver" is not used by this template.)”)
- かんむり座 (Kanmuriza, “Corona Borealis)”)
- 冠鷲 (kanmuriwashi, “crested serpent eagle (Spilornis cheela)”)
- 初冠 (uikanmuri, “type of cap in Noh”)
- お冠, 御冠 (o-kanmuri, “bad temper, bad mood”)
- 麻冠 (asa-kanmuri, "hemp" radical)
- 穴冠 (ana-kanmuri, "hole" radical)
- 雨冠 (ama-kanmuri), 雨冠 (ame-kanmuri, "rain" radical)
- ウ冠 (u-kanmuri, katakana "u" radical)
- 老冠 (oi-kanmuri, "old" radical)
- 髪冠 (kami-kanmuri, "hair" radical)
- 草冠 (kusa-kanmuri, "grass" radical)
- 卦算冠 (keisan-kanmuri, "kettle lid" radical)
- 尸冠 (shikabane-kanmuri, "corpse" radical)
- 大冠 (dai-kanmuri, top "big" radical)
- 竹冠 (take-kanmuri, "bamboo" radical)
- 爪冠 (tsume-kanmuri, top "claw" radical)
- 戸冠 (to-kanmuri, "door" radical)
- 虎冠 (tora-kanmuri, "tiger" radical)
- 山冠 (yama-kanmuri, top "mountain" radical)
- ワ冠 (wa-kanmuri), 平冠 (hira-kanmuri), 冖冠 (beki-kanmuri, katakana "wa" radical)
Proper noun
- a female given name
- a surname
Etymology 6
Kanji in this term |
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冠 |
さか Grade: S |
irregular |
Clipping of 鶏冠 (tosaka). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Pronunciation
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Noun
Etymology 7
Kanji in this term |
---|
冠 |
かん Grade: S |
on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 冠 (MC kwan|kwanH).
Pronunciation
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Noun
Compounds
- 冠位 (kan'i)
- 冠水 (kansui, “being covered in water; being submerged or inundated”)
- 栄冠 (eikan, “laurels, garland”)
- 王冠 (ōkan, “crown”)
- 極冠 (kyokkan, “polar cap”)
- 鶏冠 (keikan, “cockscomb”)
- 月桂冠 (gekkeikan, “laurel wreath”)
- 主教冠 (shukyōkan, “mitre, miter”)
- 戴冠 (teikan, “coronation”)
- 宝冠 (hōkan, “diadem”)
- 林冠 (hōkan, “tree canopy”)
Derived terms
- 冠たる (kantaru, “best, unrivalled”)
Adjectival noun
冠 • (kan) ←くわん (kwan)?†-tari (adnominal 冠とした (kan to shita) or 冠たる (kan taru), adverbial 冠と (kan to) or 冠として (kan to shite))
References
Korean
Hanja
冠 • (gwan)
- Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 관 (revised: gwan, McCune–Reischauer: kwan)
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Vietnamese
Han character
冠: Hán Nôm readings: quan, quán
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- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han script characters
- Han phono-semantic compounds
- Han ideogrammic compounds
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 冠
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Chinese terms with obsolete senses
- Chinese terms with historical senses
- zh:Linguistics
- Chinese short forms
- Chinese surnames
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading かん
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading くわん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading かん
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading くわん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading かんむり
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading かもり
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading まさる
- Japanese terms spelled with 冠 read as かがふり
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 冠
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- Japanese terms with obsolete senses
- Japanese terms spelled with 冠 read as かぶり
- ja:Theater
- Japanese terms spelled with 冠 read as かむり
- ja:Poetry
- Japanese terms spelled with 冠 read as こうぶり
- Japanese terms spelled with 冠 read as かんむり
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Japanese proper nouns
- Japanese given names
- Japanese female given names
- Japanese surnames
- Japanese terms read with irregular kanji readings
- Japanese terms spelled with 冠 read as かん
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms historically spelled with わ
- Japanese adjectives
- Japanese たり-tari adjectives
- ja:Chinese character components
- ja:Headwear
- ja:Orthography
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters