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U+4F9B, 供
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F9B

[U+4F9A]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+4F9C]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 9, +6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 人廿金 (OTC), four-corner 24281, composition )

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 102, character 16
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 605
  • Dae Jaweon: page 216, character 14
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 144, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+4F9B

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
alternative forms
to supply

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script


References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *kloŋ, *kloŋs) : semantic (person) + phonetic (OC *kloŋ, *ɡloŋs).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • keng - vernacular;
  • kiong - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (28)
Final () (7)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter kjowng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/kɨoŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/kioŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/kioŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/kuawŋ/
Li
Rong
/kioŋ/
Wang
Li
/kĭwoŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ki̯woŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
jiōng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
gung1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
gōng
Middle
Chinese
‹ kjowng ›
Old
Chinese
/*k<r>oŋ/
English furnish; serve, offer

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 4167
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*kloŋ/

Definitions

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  1. to supply; to provide for
  2. to provide certain convenience or support
  3. to pay in installments
    [Cantonese]  ―  gung1 lau4-2 [Jyutping]  ―  to pay a housing mortgage
  4. Alternative form of (gōng, to respect)
  5. a surname

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Note:
  • gōng - Taiwan standard for “to confess; confession”, and Mainland standard for “to look after”. In actual usage, however, the two pronunciations are often confused.
Note:
  • kiòng - literary;
  • kèng - vernacular.
Note: gêng1 - alternative reading.
Note:
  • 2jion - vernacular;
  • 2kon - literary.

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial () (28)
    Final () (7)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter kjowngH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /kɨoŋH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /kioŋH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /kioŋH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /kuawŋH/
    Li
    Rong
    /kioŋH/
    Wang
    Li
    /kĭwoŋH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /ki̯woŋH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    jiòng
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    gung3
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 4178
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    0
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*kloŋs/

    Definitions

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    1. to present incense or offerings before the image of a god or the deceased; to enshrine and worship
    2. offering; tribute; sacrifice
    3. to assume office
    4. to confess; to own up; to make a confession of
        ―  gōngshù  ―  to confess (in an interrogation)
    5. confession; admission; owning up
    6. to look after (one's parents or children etc.); to support
    7. (Hakka) to raise (children or animals); to feed (livestocks)
      豬仔猪仔 [Meixian Hakka]  ―  giung4 zu1 ê3 [Hakka Transliteration Scheme]  ―  to feed pigs
    Synonyms
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    Compounds

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    References

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    Japanese

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    Kanji

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    (Sixth grade kyōiku kanji)

    1. companion
    2. offer

    Readings

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    Compounds

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    Kanji in this term
    とも
    Grade: 6
    kun'yomi

    Noun

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    (とも) (tomo

    1. attendant, servant
    2. companion
    3. entourage

    Derived terms

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    Korean

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    Hanja

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    (eumhun 이바지할 (ibajihal gong))

    1. hanja form? of (contribute, supply, provide)

    Vietnamese

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    Han character

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    : Hán Nôm readings: cung, cúng, củng, cũng

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    References

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