gift

See also: Gift and GIFT

English

Etymology

From Middle English gift (also yift, yeft, ȝift, ȝeft), partly from Old English ġyft, ġieft, ġift (“giving, consideration, dowry, wedding”) and Old Norse gipt (“gift, present, wedding”); both from Proto-Germanic *giftiz (“gift”). Cognate with West Frisian jefte (“gift”), Saterland Frisian Gift (“gift”), German Low German Gift (“poison”), Dutch gift (“gift”) and its doublet gif (“poison”), German Gift (“poison”), Swedish gift (“gift, poison, venom”), Icelandic gift (“gift”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: gĭft, IPA^(key): /ɡɪft/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɪft

Noun

gift (plural gifts)

1. Something given to another voluntarily, without charge.
2. A talent or natural ability.

   She had a gift for playing the flute.

   • Template:RQ:EHough PrqsPrc

     “[…] it is not fair of you to bring against mankind double weapons ! Dangerous enough you are as woman alone, without bringing to your aid those gifts of mind suited to problems which men have been accustomed to arrogate to themselves.”

3. Something gained incidentally, without effort.
4. The act, right, or power of giving or bestowing.

   The office is in the gift of the President.

Synonyms

• (something freely given by another): See Thesaurus:gift For beneficial actions, see favor.
• (something god-given): ability, aptitude, knack, talent, strength

Translations

something given to another voluntarily, without charge

• Afrikaans: geskenk (af), present (af), kado (af)
• Albanian: dhuratë (sq) f
• Arabic: هَدِيَّة f (hadiyya)

  Egyptian Arabic: هدية f (hedeya), كادو m (kādu)

• Aragonese: regalo m
• Armenian: նվեր (hy) (nver), ընծա (hy) (ənca)
• Aromanian: please add this translation if you can
• Asturian: regalu m
• Avar: сайигъат (sajiğat)
• Aymara: please add this translation if you can
• Azerbaijani: hədiyyə (az)
• Bashkir: бүләк (bülək), күстәнәс (küstənəs)
• Belarusian: падару́нак m (padarúnak)
• Bengali: উপহার (upohar)
• Breton: prof
• Bulgarian: пода́рък (bg) m (podárǎk), дар (bg) m (dar)
• Burmese: ပဏ္ဏာ (my) (panna)
• Catalan: regal
• Central Atlas Tamazight: ⴰⵡⴻⵔⴹⵉ (awerḍi)
• Chechen: совгӏат (sovğat)
• Cherokee: ᎠᏓᏁᏗ (adanedi)
• Chichewa: mphatso
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 禮物／礼物 (lai⁵ mat⁶), 礼物 (lai⁵ mat⁶)

  Dungan: лищин (lixin), ли (li)

  Hakka: 禮物／礼物, 礼物 (lî-vu̍t)

  Mandarin: 禮物／礼物 (zh) (lǐwù), 礼物 (zh) (lǐwù)

  Min Dong: 禮物／礼物 (lā̤-ŭk), 礼物 (lā̤-ŭk)

  Min Nan: 禮物／礼物 (zh-min-nan), 礼物 (lé-bu̍t / lé-mi̍h / lé-mn̍gh)

  Wu: 禮物／礼物 (⁶li-veq), 礼物 (li veq)

• Chuvash: парне (parne), кучченеҫ (kuččeneś)
• Corsican: please add this translation if you can
• Crimean Tatar: tokuz
• Czech: dar (cs) m, dárek (cs) m
• Danish: gave (da) c
• Dhivehi: please add this translation if you can
• Dutch: gift (nl), geschenk (nl) n, presentje (nl) n, cadeau (nl) n
• Esperanto: donaco
• Estonian: and (et), kingitus
• Ewe: please add this translation if you can
• Extremaduran: please add this translation if you can
• Faliscan: datu
• Faroese: gáva f
• Finnish: lahja (fi)
• French: présent (fr) m, cadeau (fr) m, don (fr) m
• Friulian: please add this translation if you can
• Galician: regalo (gl) m, agasallo (gl) m
• Georgian: საჩუქარი (sačukari), ძღვენი (ʒɣveni), ნაბოძები (naboʒebi)
• German: Geschenk (de) n, Präsent (de) n (rarely), Spende (de) f, Gabe (de) f
• Gothic: 𐌼𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌼𐍃 m (maiþms)
• Greek: δώρο (el) n (dóro), δωρεά (el) f (doreá), χάρισμα (el) n (chárisma)

  Ancient: δῶρον n (dôron), δώρημα n (dṓrēma)

• Gujarati: ભેટ f (bheṭ), બક્ષિશ f (bakṣiś)
• Hausa: please add this translation if you can
• Hawaiian: makana
• Hebrew: מַתָּנָה (he) f (mataná), שַׁי (he) m (shay)
• Hindi: उपहार (hi) m (uphār), देन (hi) f (den)
• Hungarian: ajándék (hu)
• Icelandic: gjöf (is) f
• Ido: donacajo (io)
• Igbo: please add this translation if you can
• Indonesian: hadiah (id)
• Ingush: совгӏат (sovğat)
• Interlingua: dono
• Interlingue:
• Irish: bronntanas m, tabhartas m, féirín m
• Italian: regalo (it) m, dono (it) m, presente (it) m
• Japanese: 贈り物 (おくりもの, okurimono), 寄贈 (きぞう, kizō), プレゼント (ja) (purezento), ギフト (gifuto), 礼物 (ja) (れいもつ, reimotsu)
• Javanese: hadiah
• Kannada: ಕೊಡುಗೆ (kn) (koḍuge)
• Kazakh: сый (syi), сыйлық (syilyq)
• Khmer: ជំនូន (km) (cumnuun), អំណោយ (km) (ʼɑmnaoy)
• Korean: 선물 (ko) (seonmul) (膳物)
• Kurdish:

  Sorani: دیاری (dyarî)

• Kyrgyz: сыйлык (ky) (sıylık), белек (ky) (belek)
• Ladin: bonaman f
• Lao: ຂວັນ (lo) (khuan), ຂອງຂວັນ (khǭng khuan)
• Latgalian: duovona f
• Latin: dōnum (la) n, mūnus (la) n, xenium n (particulary from a guest to a host)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Latvian: dāvana (lv) f
• Ligurian: regalu m, cadò
• Lithuanian: dovana f
• Luganda: please add this translation if you can
• Luxembourgish: Geschenk (lb) n, Cadeau (lb) n, Kaddo (lb) n, Don m, Spend f
• Macedonian: подарок m (podarok), дар m (dar)
• Malay: hadiah
• Malayalam: സമ്മാനം (ml) (sammānaṁ)
• Maltese: rigal
• Manx: gioot m, tortys f, nastey m
• Maore Comorian: zawadi class 9/10
• Maori: koha, kōpare (refers to food given to a host when visiting)
• Marathi: भेटवस्तू (bheṭvastū)
• Marsian: dunom
• Mirandese: please add this translation if you can
• Mongolian: бэлэг (mn) (beleg)
• Ngazidja Comorian: ɓambu class 5/6, hiɗaya class 7/8
• Norman: persent m (Guernsey), présent m (Jersey)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: gave (no) m or f, presang (no) m

  Nynorsk: gåve (no) f, presang (no) m

• Occitan: present m, don (oc) m
• Old English: ġifu f
• Old Norse: gipt f, gáfa f, gjǫf f
• Oriya: ଦାନ (or) (dāna)
• Ossetian: лӕвар (lævar)
• Pashto: ارمغان (ps) m (armaǧãn), بخشش m (baxšᶕš), تارتوک (ps) m (tārtúk), تحفه (ps) f (tohfá), هديه f (hadyá), پېشکش m (peškáš)
• Persian: هدیه (fa) (hadiye, hediye), پیشکش (fa) (piškeš), کادو (fa) (kâdo)
• Polish: prezent (pl) m, dar (pl) m, podarunek (pl) m, podarek (pl) m
• Portuguese: presente (pt) m, prenda (pt) f
• Punjabi: ਉਪਹਾਰ (pa) m (upahār), ਤੋਹਫ਼ਾ m (tohfā)
• Rajasthani:
• Romanian: cadou (ro) n, dar (ro) n
• Romansch: regal m
• Russian: пода́рок (ru) m (podárok), дар (ru) m (dar), презе́нт (ru) m (prezént)
• Sanskrit: मघ (sa) m (magha), उपहार (sa) m (upahāra), दान (sa) n (dāna)
• Sardinian: please add this translation if you can
• Scots: please add this translation if you can
• Scottish Gaelic: tiodhlac m
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Cyrillic: поклон m, дар m

  Roman: poklon (sh) m, dar (sh) m

• Sicilian: regalu (scn) m, rigalu (scn) m, rijalu (scn) m, rialu (scn) m
• Sindhi: please add this translation if you can
• Sinhalese: තෑග්ග (tǣgga)
• Slovak: dar (sk) m, (diminutive) darček m
• Slovene: darilo (sl) n
• Somali: please add this translation if you can
• Sotho: mpho (st)
• Spanish: regalo (es) m, presente (es) m
• Swahili: zawadi (sw) class 9/10, kipawa (sw) class 7/8
• Swedish: present (sv) c, gåva (sv) c, skänk (sv) c
• Tagalog: regalo (tl), bigay (tl), pasalubong, pandapati
• Tajik: ҳадя (hadya), тӯҳфа (tühfa), пешкаш (peškaš), бахшиш (tg) (baxšiš)
• Tamil: பரிசு (ta) (paricu)
• Tatar: бүләк (tt) (büläk)
• Telugu: కానుక (te) (kānuka), బహుమతి (te) (bahumati)
• Thai: ของขวัญ (th) (kɔ̌ɔng-kwǎn), ของกำนัล (kɔ̌ɔng-gam-nan), ของฝาก (kɔ̌ɔng-fàak), กำนัล (th) (gam-nan)
• Tibetan: རྔན་པ (rngan pa), ལག་རྟགས (lag rtags)
• Tswana: mpho class 9/10
• Turkish: hediye (tr), armağan (tr)
• Turkmen: peşeş, zehin (tk), sylag
• Udmurt: кузьым (kuźym)
• Ukrainian: подару́нок m (podarúnok), дару́нок (darúnok), дар (dar)
• Urdu: تحفہ (tuhfa), ہدیہ (hadya)
• Uyghur: سوۋغات (sowghat), سوۋغا (sowgha), تارتۇق (tartuq), ھەدىيىلىك (hediyilik)
• Uzbek: sovg'a (uz), tuhfa (uz)
• Vestinian: duno
• Vietnamese: quà (vi), quà tặng, quà biếu
• Volapük: legivot (vo)
• Walloon: bistoke (wa) f, cado (wa) m, prezint m
• Welsh: anrheg (cy) f
• West Frisian: jefte
• Wolof: yóobal
• Xhosa: isipho
• Yakut: бэлэх (beleq)
• Yiddish: גאָב f (gob), מתּנה f (matone), געשאַנק n (geshank)
• Yoruba: please add this translation if you can
• Yup'ik: cikirun
• Zulu: isipho, isiphiwo, umkhungo

something received incidentally, without effort

• Afrikaans: geskenk (af)
• Armenian: նվեր (hy) (nver)
• Bashkir: бүләк (bülək)
• Esperanto: donaco
• Estonian: please add this translation if you can
• German: Geschenk (de) n
• Greek: δώρο (el) n (dóro)
• Hungarian: ajándék (hu)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Irish: bronntanas m, tabhartas m, féirín m
• Italian: dono (it) m
• Khmer: please add this translation if you can
• Luxembourgish: Geschenk (lb) n
• Polish: prezent (pl) m
• Portuguese: presente (pt) m, dádiva (pt) f
• Russian: пода́рок (ru) m (podárok)

a talent or natural ability

• Afrikaans: gawe
• Arabic: قَرِيحَة f (qarīḥa)
• Armenian: ձիրք (hy) (jirkʻ), շնորհք (hy) (šnorhkʻ)
• Bulgarian: дарба (bg) (darba), тала́нт (bg) m (talánt)
• Catalan: do (ca) m, dot (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 天才 (zh) (tiāncái), 才能 (zh) (cáinéng)

• Czech: dar (cs) m, vloha f
• Dutch: gave (nl) f
• Finnish: lahja (fi), kyky (fi)
• French: don (fr) m, talent (fr) m
• Galician: don m
• Georgian: ძღვენი (ʒɣveni), ტალანტი (ṭalanṭi), ნიჭი (nič̣i), ნაბოძები (naboʒebi)
• German: Begabung (de) f, Talent (de) n
• Greek: χάρισμα (el) n (chárisma), ταλέντο (el) n (talénto)
• Hungarian: tehetség (hu), adottság (hu)
• Irish: tíolacadh m, bua m, tallann f
• Italian: dono (it) m, talento (it) m
• Japanese: 天分 (てんぶん, tenbun), 才能 (ja) (さいのう, sainō), 天才 (ja) (てんさい, tensai)
• Khmer: ការប៉ិនប្រសព្វ (kaa pən prɑsɑp)
• Latin: donum (la) n, munus (la) n
• Latvian: talants m, spējas f pl
• Luxembourgish: Begabung f, Talent n
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Malayalam: കഴിവ് (ml) (kaḻivŭ)
• Marathi: भेट (bheṭ)
• Mongolian: авьяас (mn) (avʹjaas)
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: gave (no) m or f

  Nynorsk: gåve (no) f

• Old English: ġifu f
• Polish: dar (pl) m, talent (pl) m
• Portuguese: dom (pt) m, talento (pt) m, engenho (pt) m, jeito (pt) m, mão (pt) f, dedo (pt) m, bossa (pt) f, perícia (pt) f
• Romanian: dar (ro) n
• Romansch: talent m, dun m
• Russian: дар (ru) m (dar), тала́нт (ru) m (talánt), одарённость (ru) f (odarjónnostʹ)
• Serbo-Croatian:

  Roman: dȃr (sh) m

• Slovak: nadanie, talent
• Slovene: dar (sl) m
• Spanish: don (es) m, talento (es) m
• Swedish: begåvning (sv) c
• Tagalog: talento
• Telugu: వరం (te) (varaṁ)
• Thai: พรสวรรค์ (pɔɔn-sà-wǎn)
• Turkish: yetenek (tr), kabiliyet (tr)
• Ukrainian: дар m (dar), талант m (talant)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Ido: ^{(please verify)} donacajo (io)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Latin: ^{(please verify)} donatio f, ^{(please verify)} datus (la) m

See also

• lagniappe

Verb

gift (third-person singular simple present gifts, present participle gifting, simple past and past participle gifted)

1. (transitive) To give as a gift or donation.
2. (transitive) To give away, to concede easily.
   • 2011 September 28, Jon Smith, “Valencia 1 - 1 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport‎^[1]:

     Chelsea threw away two points when substitute Salomon Kalou gifted Valencia a penalty five minutes from time with a needless handball.

Synonyms

• contribute
• donate
• give

Translations

(transitive) to give as a gift

• Armenian: նվիրել (hy) (nvirel)
• Catalan: regalar (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 贈送／赠送 (zh) (zèngsòng), 赠送 (zh) (zèngsòng), 送 (zh) (sòng)

• Czech: darovat (cs), obdarovat pf, obdarovávat impf
• Dutch: schenken (nl)
• Estonian: kinkima (et)
• Finnish: lahjoittaa (fi)
• French: donner (fr), faire don de, offrir (fr)
• Greek: δωρίζω (el) (dorízo), χαρίζω (el) (charízo)
• Hungarian: ajándékoz (hu)
• Italian: regalare (it), donare (it)
• Latin: dare (la), donare
• Luxembourgish: schenken
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Manx: gioot
• Old English: gifian
• Polish: podarować (pl), sprezentować
• Portuguese: dar de presente, oferecer (pt), presentear
• Romanian: dărui (ro)
• Romansch: dar
• Russian: дари́ть (ru) impf (darítʹ), подари́ть (ru) pf (podarítʹ)
• Slovak: darovať
• Slovene: podariti
• Spanish: regalar (es), dar (es)
• Swedish: skänka (sv), donera (sv)
• Tagalog: magbigay (tl), magregalo
• Telugu: బహూకరించు (te) (bahūkariñcu)
• Walloon: ofri (wa), bistoker (wa), sinker (wa)
• Yiddish: שענקען (shenken)

Derived terms

• begift
• bride gift
• countergift
• foregift
• giftable
• gift bag
• gift basket
• gift box
• gift card/giftcard
• gift certificate
• morning economy
• giftee
• gift from above
• gift from the gods
• gift giver
• gift horse
• gift matching
• gift of gab, gift of the gab
• gift of tongues
• giftpack
• gift receipt
• gift rope

• gift set
• gift shop
• gift tax
• gift that keeps on giving
• gift voucher
• giftware
• giftwrap, gift-wrap
• God's gift to man
• God's gift to women
• Greek gift
• morning gift
• parting gift
• regift
• wedding gift

Anagrams

• T.G.I.F., TGIF

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Danish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡift/, [ɡ̊ifd̥]

Etymology 1

From German Gift (“poison”). Similar to the archaic gift (“gift”), a verbal noun to give (“to give”).

Noun

gift c (singular definite giften, plural indefinite gifte)

1. poison (substance harmful to a living organism)

Inflection

Declension of gift

common gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	gift	giften	gifte	giftene
genitive	gifts	giftens	giftes	giftenes

See also

• gift on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^da

Etymology 2

Originally the past participle of gifte (“marry”).

Adjective

gift

1. married

Inflection

Inflection of gift
	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Indefinte common singular	gift	—	—2
Indefinite neuter singular	gift	—	—2
Plural	gifte	—	—2
Definite attributive1	gifte	—	—
1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively.

Derived terms

• ugift

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

gift

1. (deprecated template usage) imperative of gifte
2. past participle of gifte

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Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch gifte, from Old Dutch *gift, from Proto-Germanic *giftiz. The words gif and vergif, both meaning "poison", derive from the same source as gift and were not formally distinguished until early modern Dutch.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣɪft/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: gift
• Rhymes: -ɪft

Noun

gift f (plural giften, diminutive giftje n)

1. donation; something given (away) voluntarily.

   Synonyms: geschenk, cadeau

Noun

gift n or f (plural giften, diminutive giftje n)

1. (dated) poison

   Synonyms: gif, venijn, vergif, vergift

Derived terms

• giftig
• grafgift

Related terms

• geven
• vergiftigen, ontgiften

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Faroese

Noun

gift f (genitive singular giftar, uncountable)

1. poison

Declension

Declension of gift (singular only)
f2s	singular
	indefinite	definite
nominative	gift	giftin
accusative	gift	giftina
dative	gift	giftini
genitive	giftar	giftarinnar

Synonyms

• eitur

Adjective

gift

1. married, female form of giftur
   • Ert tú gift?

     Are you (f) married?

Declension

Declension of gift (a5)
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	giftur	gift	gift
Accusative	giftan	gifta	gift
Dative	giftum	giftari	giftum
Genitive	gifts	giftar/ giftrar	gifts
Plural	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	giftir	giftar	gift
Accusative	giftar	giftar	gift
Dative	giftum	giftum	giftum
Genitive	gifta/ giftra	gifta/ giftra	gifta/ giftra

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Norwegian Bokmål

Noun

gift f or m (definite singular gifta or giften, indefinite plural gifter, definite plural giftene)

1. poison (substance harmful to a living organism)

Derived terms

• giftslange
• giftstoff
• rottegift

Related terms

• forgifte
• forgiftning
• giftig

Adjective

gift (neuter singular gift, definite singular and plural gifte)

1. married

Antonyms

• ugift

Derived terms

• nygift

Verb

gift

1. imperative of gifte

References

• “gift” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jɪft/

Etymology 1

From Old Norse gipt.

Noun

gift f (definite singular gifta, indefinite plural gifter, definite plural giftene)

1. a poison

Derived terms

• giftslange
• giftstoff
• rottegift

Etymology 2

From past participle of gifta.

Adjective

gift (indefinite singular gift, definite singular and plural gifte)

1. married

References

• “gift” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Old English

Alternative forms

• ġyft

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *giftiz. Cognate with Old Frisian jeft, Old Saxon *gift (in sundargift (“privilege”, literally “special gift”)), Dutch gift, Old High German gift (German Gift), Old Norse gipt (> English gift), Gothic 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌲𐌹𐍆𐍄𐍃 (fragifts).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /jift/

Noun

ġift f (nominative plural ġifta or ġiftu)

1. payment for a wife
2. (in the plural) a wedding

Descendants

• Middle English: ȝift, ȝeft, gift (in part from Old Norse)
  • English: gift, yift

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Swedish

FWOTD – 2 July 2017

Pronunciation

• audio:

  (file)

Etymology 1

From German Gift.

Noun

gift n

1. poison; venom; virus; toxin
   • 1968 Tove Jansson, Muminpappans memoarer, Holger Schildts Förlag (1991), →ISBN, page 126:

     Rådd-djuret gråter, sade Joxaren förebrående. Spöket har målat en dödskalle på kaffeburken och skrivit GIFT under och nu är Rådd-djuret utom sig och säger att har det inte gift sig förut så kommer det nu absolut aldrig att göra det!

     "The Muddler is crying," said the Joxter reproachfully. "The ghost has painted a skull and crossbones and the word POISON on the Muddler's coffee tin, and now the Muddler is beside himself and says that if it has not gotten married before it will absolutely never do it!"

Declension

Declension of gift

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	gift	gifts
	definite	giftet	giftets
plural	indefinite	gifter	gifters
	definite	gifterna	gifternas

Etymology 2

From Old Norse gipta (“give away in marriage”), from Proto-Germanic *giftiz.

Adjective

gift (not comparable)

1. married

   ett gift par

   a married couple

   Han är gift sedan tre år.

   He's been married for three years.

   • 1968 Tove Jansson, Muminpappans memoarer, Holger Schildts Förlag (1991), →ISBN, page 126:

     Rådd-djuret gråter, sade Joxaren förebrående. Spöket har målat en dödskalle på kaffeburken och skrivit GIFT under och nu är Rådd-djuret utom sig och säger att har det inte gift sig förut så kommer det nu absolut aldrig att göra det!

     "The Muddler is crying," said the Joxter reproachfully. "The ghost has painted a skull and crossbones and the word POISON on the Muddler's coffee tin, and now the Muddler is beside himself and says that if it has not gotten married before it will absolutely never do it!"

Declension

Inflection of gift
Indefinite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative2
Common singular	gift	—	—
Neuter singular	gift	—	—
Plural	gifta	—	—
Masculine plural3	gifte	—	—
Definite	Positive	Comparative	Superlative
Masculine singular1	gifte	—	—
All	gifta	—	—
1) Only used, optionally, to refer to things whose natural gender is masculine. 2) The indefinite superlative forms are only used in the predicative. 3) Dated or archaic

Verb

gift

1. (deprecated template usage) imperative of gifta.
2. (deprecated template usage) past participle of gifta
3. (deprecated template usage) supine of gifta