totus

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Latin

Etymology 1

Uncertain. Perhaps related to Oscan 𐌕𐌏𐌖𐌕𐌏 (touto, “community, city-state”), Umbrian 𐌕𐌏𐌕𐌀𐌌 (totam, “tribe”, acc.), from Proto-Italic *toutā (“people; populace, citizenship”) from Proto-Indo-European *tewtéh₂ (“people”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

tōtus (feminine tōta, neuter tōtum); first/second-declension adjective (pronominal)

  1. whole, all, entire, total, complete, every part
  2. all together, all at once

Usage notes

  • In separating totus from omnis it can be useful to remember Quintilian's sentence (Ins.Or.8.3.70), "minus est tamen totum dicere, quam omnia" ("It is less to say the whole, than all the parts.").
Declension

First/second-declension adjective (pronominal).

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative tōtus tōta tōtum tōtī tōtae tōta
Genitive tōtī̆us tōtōrum tōtārum tōtōrum
Dative tōtī tōtīs
Accusative tōtum tōtam tōtum tōtōs tōtās tōta
Ablative tōtō tōtā tōtō tōtīs
Vocative tōte tōta tōtum tōtī tōtae tōta
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Aromanian: tut, tot
  • Asturian: tou
  • English: tot (through totalis)
  • Catalan: tot
  • Dalmatian: tot
  • Dutch: totaal
  • Franco-Provençal: tot
  • French: tout
  • Friulian: dut
  • Istriot: doûto
  • Istro-Romanian: tot
  • Italian: tutto

Template:mid2

See also

Etymology 2

From tot (“so many”).

Pronunciation

Adjective

totus (feminine tota, neuter totum); first/second-declension adjective

  1. (very rare) so great a ——
    quotcumque pedum spatia facienda censueris, totam partem longitudinis et latitudinis duces
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
    tota pars
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number Singular Plural
Case / Gender Masculine Feminine Neuter Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative totus tota totum totī totae tota
Genitive totī totae totī totōrum totārum totōrum
Dative totō totō totīs
Accusative totum totam totum totōs totās tota
Ablative totō totā totō totīs
Vocative tote tota totum totī totae tota
Latin correlatives (edit)
type demonstrative anaphoric identity interrogative/
relative		 indefinite negative other
proximal medial distal relative indefinite universal free choice negative polarity
basic hic iste, istic ille, illic is ipse, īdem quis/quī quisquis, quīcumque quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quispiam quisque quīvis, quīlibet quisquam, ūllus, °aliquisquam nēmō, nihil, nūllus alius
dual uter utercumque alteruter uterque utervīs, uterlibet neuter alter
place hīc istīc illīc ibī̆ ibī̆dem ubī̆ ubiubi, ubī̆cumque alicubī, uspiam ubīque ubivīs, ubilibet usquam nusquam, nūllibī alibī, aliās
source hinc istinc illinc inde indidem unde undecumque, undeunde alicunde undique °undelibet aliunde
destination hūc, °hōrsum istūc, °istōrsum illūc, °illōrsum eō eōdem quō, quōrsum quōquō, quōcumque aliquō, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum quōvīs, quōlibet quōquam nusquam, nūllōrsum aliō, aliōrsum
method,
means,
path,
place 		hāc istāc illāc eā eādem quā quāquā, quācumque aliquā quāque quāvīs, quālibet nēquāquam, haudquāquam aliā
manner hōc modō istō modō illō modō ita, sīc,
eō modō		 item, itidem ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō utique quōmodolibet ūllō modō nūllō modō aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
time num, nunc ōlim tum, tunc simul quandō, ‡cum cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque quondam, aliquandō quandōque quandōlibet umquam numquam aliās
quantity tam †tamen, †tandem quam †quamquam aliquam quamvīs, quamlibet
size tantus tantusdem quantus quantuscumque aliquantus quantusvīs, quantuslibet
quality tālis quālis quālis, quāliscumque aliquālis quālislibet
number tot totidem quot quotquot, quotcumque aliquot quotlibet
order totus quotus quotuscumque aliquotus quotuslibet
repetition totiēns quotiēns quotiēnscumque aliquotiēns quotiēnslibet
multiplication totuplex quotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated
° Rare
‡only used as a conjunction, not as an interrogative

References

  • “tŏtus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “totus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • totus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
    • the perfect harmony of the universe: totius mundi convenientia et consensus
    • to spread over the whole body: per totum corpus diffundi
    • to be at the beck and call of another; to be his creature: totum se fingere et accommodare ad alicuius arbitrium et nutum
    • to devote oneself absolutely to the pursuit of pleasure: se totum voluptatibus dedere, tradere
    • to devote oneself entirely to literature: se totum litteris tradere, dedere
    • to be quite engrossed in literary studies: se totum in litteras or se litteris abdere
    • to upset the whole system: totam rationem evertere (pass. iacet tota ratio)
    • to love some one very dearly, with all one's heart: aliquem toto pectore, ut dicitur, amare (Leg. 18. 49)
    • to put oneself entirely in some one's hands: totum se committere, tradere alicui
    • to abandon oneself (entirely) to debauchery: se (totum) libidinibus dedere
    • credit is low throughout Italy: fides tota Italia est angusta
    • to devote oneself body and soul to the good of the state: totum et animo et corpore in salutem rei publicae se conferre
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=totus&oldid=57995908"