ضرب

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: صرب, ضرت, صرت, and ض ر ب

Arabic[edit]

Root
ض ر ب (ḍ-r-b)

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba) I, non-past يَضْرِبُ‎ (yaḍribu)

  1. to strike, to beat, hit
    ضَرَبَ رَأْسَهُ بِٱلْجِدَارِ
    ḍaraba raʔsahu bi-l-jidāri
    He hit his head against the wall.
  2. to cut off
  3. to pitch (a tent)
  4. to coin
  5. to set or posit as an example or make a simile of, to be proverbial with
    • a. 1338, ʿabd al-muʾmīn ibn ʿabd al-ḥaqq ṣafīy ad-dīn al-baḡdādīy, مراصد الاطلاع على الأمكنة والبقاع[1]:
      خِلَاط
      بكَسر أوله، وآخره طاء مهملة: بلدة عامرة مشهورة كثيرة الخيرات، وهى قصبة أرمينية الوسطى، يضرب ببردها فى الشتاء المثل، وبُحَيْرَتُها يُجلَبُ منها السمك الطّرّيخ، [على وزن سكّين] «٣» ، ليس فى غيرها، يُحمَلُ إلى سائرِ البلاد البعيدة، وهى من العجب، فإنها عشرة أشهر لا يوجد فيها حيوان، لا سمك ولا غيره، ثم يَظهر بها السمك مدة شهرين، فيُصاد ويكبس.
      Xlat: A flourishing, famous town, full of amenities, it is a fortress of Central Armenia, and its burd clothing sets an example in winter, and there is Lake Van whence one imports the pearl mullet, to which there is no equal, which is carried to the rest of the towns far away, it’s wonderful, ten months the animal is not found therein, no fish nor anything, then there appears fish for two months, and is caught and pickled.
      Turkish translation in Gök, H. İbrahim (2014) XIII ve XIV. Yüzyıla ait bir coğrafya sözlüğü: Merâsidü’l-ittılâʾ ve Anadolu’ya dair kayıtları[2], Kırıkkale, page 147
  6. to play (an instrument)
  7. (intransitive) to move, pass away
  8. to be long (of the night)
  9. to lay hold upon
  10. to impose (tribute, etc.), to inflict
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 3:112:
      ضُرِبَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الذِّلَّةُ أَيْنَ مَا ثُقِفُوا إِلَّا بِحَبْلٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَحَبْلٍ مِنَ النَّاسِ
      ḍuribat ʕalayhimu ḏ-ḏillatu ʔayna mā ṯuqifū ʔillā biḥablin mina l-lahi waḥablin mina n-nāsi
      Ignominy shall be their portion wheresoever they are found save (where they grasp) a rope from Allah and a rope from men.
  11. (construed with عَن (ʕan)) to leave, to abandon, to turn away (from)

Conjugation[edit]

Descendants[edit]

  • Maltese: darab
  • English: drub (perhaps)
  • Spanish: adarvar

Verb[edit]

ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba) I, non-past يَضْرِبُ‎ (yaḍribu)

  1. to depart, set out, bestir oneself
  2. (construed with عَلَى (ʕalā)) to attack
  3. (transitive, construed with بِ (bi)) to mix (something) with
  4. (transitive, construed with إِلَى (ʔilā)) to incline towards by its appearance, to shade
    • a. 1248, ابن البيطار [Ibn al-Bayṭār], الجامع لمفردات الأدوية والأغذية [De simplicibus medicinis opus magnum]:
      قرنوة: الغافقي: قال قوم أنها الهرنوة والقرنوة أيضاً حشيشة. […] قال أبو حنيفة: هي عشبة يضرب ورقها إلى الحمرة وهي مرة يدبغ بها. وقال أيضاً عن بعضهم: هي خضراء غبراء على ساق لها ثمرة كالسنبلة ومنابتها السهول وهي مرعى. وقال آخر: القرنوة عشبة يطول ورقها كورق الحندقوقا عفصة تستعمل في دباغة الجلود وقيل أنها هذه الحشيشة المعروفة بالأنجبار.
      Aloeswood. Al-Ġāfaqīy: Some say that these seeds of aloe are a herb. […] Abū Ḥanīfa: The tender leaves of this herb tend towards red and this is when they are used for tanning. And some authors said they are dingy towards the foot and have fruits like ears like spikes growing on plains and used for pasturage. Another said: It’s a plant of long leaves like honey lotus the gall of which is used for tanning hides and it has been said it is a herb known as al-anjabār.
  5. (arithmetic) (construed with فِي ()) to multiply with
  6. to pulsate, to throb

Conjugation[edit]

Verb[edit]

ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba) I, non-past يَضْرِبُ‎ (yaḍribu)

  1. to mount (a female camel)

Conjugation[edit]

Verb[edit]

ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba) I, non-past يَضْرُبُ‎ (yaḍrubu)

  1. to get the better of in beating

Conjugation[edit]

Verb[edit]

ضَرِبَ (ḍariba) I, non-past يَضْرَبُ‎ (yaḍrabu)
ضُرِبَ (ḍuriba) I, non-past يُضْرَبُ‎ (yuḍrabu)

  1. to be smitten by hoarfrost or rime

Conjugation[edit]

Verb[edit]

ضَرُبَ (ḍaruba) I, non-past يَضْرُبُ‎ (yaḍrubu)

  1. to give a violent hit, give a sound blow

Conjugation[edit]

Verb[edit]

ضَرَّبَ (ḍarraba) II, non-past يُضَرِّبُ‎ (yuḍarribu)

  1. to beat violently or repeatedly
  2. to mix, mix up
  3. to stir up discord
  4. to sew on a lining or padding
  5. to drink of the milk called ضَرِيب (ḍarīb, milk of several camels in the same bucket)
  6. to get overtaken by the snow (ضَرِيب (ḍarīb, snow, hoarfrost, ice))
  7. to be deep-set (of an eye)

Conjugation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ضَرْب (ḍarbm (plural ضُرُوب (ḍurūb) or أَضْرُب (ʔaḍrub))

  1. verbal noun of ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba, to beat) (form I)
  2. beating, striking, hitting
  3. violence, power
  4. haste, hurry
  5. the playing of musical instruments
  6. minting
  7. (arithmetic) multiplication
  8. make, form, fashion, mold, cast
  9. sort, species
  10. report of a gun
  11. similarity
  12. last foot of the second hemistich

Declension[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Adjective[edit]

ضَرْب (ḍarb) (masculine plural أَضْرَاب (ʔaḍrāb))

  1. who beats much
  2. brave, bold
  3. active, clever
  4. of a slender make and not fleshy
  5. slight, light
  6. beaten
  7. coined
  8. similar, like

Declension[edit]

Noun[edit]

ضَرَب (ḍarabm

  1. verbal noun of ضُرِبَ (ḍuriba) (form I)
  2. verbal noun of ضَرِبَ (ḍariba) (form I)

Declension[edit]

References[edit]

Hijazi Arabic[edit]

Root
ض ر ب
3 terms

Etymology 1[edit]

From Arabic ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

ضَرَب (ḍarab) I (non-past يِضْرُب (yiḍrub))

  1. to strike, to beat, to hit
  2. (arithmetic) to multiply with
  3. to set or posit as an example or make a simile of, to be proverbial with
Conjugation[edit]
    Conjugation of ضرب (ḍarab)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ضربت (ḍarabt) ضربت (ḍarabt) ضرب (ḍarab) ضربنا (ḍarabna) ضربتوا (ḍarabtu) ضربوا (ḍarabu)
f ضربتي (ḍarabti) ضربت (ḍarabat)
non-past m أضرب (ʔaḍrub) تضرب (tiḍrub) يضرب (yiḍrub) نضرب (niḍrub) تضربوا (tiḍrubu) يضربوا (yiḍrubu)
f تضربي (tiḍrubi) تضرب (tiḍrub)
imperative m اضرب (aḍrub) اضربوا (aḍrubu)
f اضربي (aḍrubi)

Etymology 2[edit]

From Arabic ضَرَّبَ (ḍarraba).

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

ضَرَّب (ḍarrab) II (non-past يِضَرِّب (yiḍarrib))

  1. to beat violently or repeatedly
Conjugation[edit]
    Conjugation of ضرب (ḍarrab)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ضربت (ḍarrabt) ضربت (ḍarrabt) ضرب (ḍarrab) ضربنا (ḍarrabna) ضربتوا (ḍarrabtu) ضربوا (ḍarrabu)
f ضربتي (ḍarrabti) ضربت (ḍarrabat)
non-past m أضرب (ʔaḍarrib) تضرب (tiḍarrib) يضرب (yiḍarrib) نضرب (niḍarrib) تضربوا (tiḍarribu) يضربوا (yiḍarribu)
f تضربي (tiḍarribi) تضرب (tiḍarrib)
imperative m ضرب (ḍarrib) ضربوا (ḍarribu)
f ضربي (ḍarribi)

Etymology 3[edit]

From Arabic ضَرْب (ḍarb).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

ضرب (ḍarbm (collective, singulative ضَرْب f (ḍarba))

  1. beating, striking, hitting
  2. (arithmetic) multiplication

Persian[edit]

Persian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia fa

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed from Arabic ضَرْب (ḍarb).

Pronunciation[edit]

 

Readings
Classical reading? zarb
Dari reading? zarb
Iranian reading? zarb
Tajik reading? zarb

Noun[edit]

ضرب (zarb)

  1. tap; blow, stroke
  2. (music)
    1. beat
    2. rhythm
    3. tonbak (a kind of drum)
      Synonym: تمبک (tombak)
  3. (arithmetic) multiplication
  4. minting (of coins)

South Levantine Arabic[edit]

Root
ض ر ب
3 terms

Etymology[edit]

From Arabic ضَرَبَ (ḍaraba).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /dˤa.rab/, [ˈdˤɑ.rˤɑb]
  • (file)

Verb[edit]

ضرب (ḍarab) I (present بضرب (boḍrob))

  1. to hit, to strike, to beat
    Synonyms: خبط (ḵabaṭ), صدم (ṣadam)

Conjugation[edit]

    Conjugation of ضرب (ḍarab)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m ضربت (ḍarabt) ضربت (ḍarabt) ضرب (ḍarab) ضربنا (ḍarabna) ضربتو (ḍarabtu) ضربو (ḍarabu)
f ضربتي (ḍarabti) ضربت (ḍarbat)
present m بضرب (baḍrob) بتضرب (btoḍrob) بضرب (boḍrob) منضرب (mnoḍrob) بتضربو (btoḍrobu) بضربو (boḍrobu)
f بتضربي (btoḍrobi) بتضرب (btoḍrob)
subjunctive m أضرب (ʔaḍrob) تضرب (toḍrob) يضرب (yoḍrob) نضرب (noḍrob) تضربو (toḍrobu) يضربو (yoḍrobu)
f تضربي (toḍrobi) تضرب (toḍrob)
imperative m اضرب (oḍrob) اضربو (oḍrobu)
f اضربي (oḍrobi)