沖
Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
沖 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水中 (EL), four-corner 35106, composition ⿰氵中)
Derived characters
Related characters
- 冲 (Simplified Chinese) - Note: also the simplified form of 衝
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 611, character 18
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17209
- Dae Jaweon: page 1004, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1565, character 3
- Unihan data for U+6C96
Chinese
trad. | 沖 | |
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simp. | 冲* |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 沖 | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *duŋ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cung1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhûng
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhèng / chhiong
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄨㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chong
- Wade–Giles: chʻung1
- Yale: chūng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chong
- Palladius: чун (čun)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cung1
- Yale: chūng
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsung1
- Guangdong Romanization: cung1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhûng
- Hakka Romanization System: cungˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cung1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰuŋ²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: drjuwng
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ruŋ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*duŋ/
Definitions
- to pour water on; to rinse; to flush; to wash
- to infuse; to make drinks
- to soar; to rise; to shoot up
- 王曰:「此鳥不飛則已,一飛沖天;不鳴則已,一鳴驚人。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
- Wáng yuē: “Cǐ niǎo bù fēi zé yǐ, yī fēi chōng tiān; bù míng zé yǐ, yī míng jīngrén.” [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
王曰:「此鸟不飞则已,一飞冲天;不鸣则已,一鸣惊人。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (of water) to dash against; to collide with
- to develop (a film)
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
Readings
- Go-on: じゅう (jū)←ぢゆう (dyuu, historical)
- Kan-on: ちゅう (chū, Jōyō)←ちゆう (tyuu, historical)
- Kun: おき (oki, 沖, Jōyō); ひひる (hihiru, 沖る); ひいる (hīru, 沖る)
Etymology
Kanji in this term |
---|
沖 |
おき Grade: 4 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
---|
澳 |
⟨oki1⟩ → /oki/
From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū of 759 CE. Cognate with 奥 (oku, “inner, inside”).[1]
The kanji spelling 沖 appears to be a reanalysis of the Chinese character based on its components of 氵 (“water”) and 中 (“center, in the middle of”).
Pronunciation
Noun
Proper noun
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References
Korean
Hanja
沖 • (chung) (hangeul 충, revised chung, McCune–Reischauer ch'ung, Yale chwung)
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.
Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 沖 (trong, trùng, xung)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
References
- Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
- Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville
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- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading ちゅう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading ちゆう
- Japanese kanji with kun reading おき
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ひひ・る
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ひい・る
- Japanese terms spelled with 沖 read as おき
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