沖

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See also: 冲 and 盅

Template:character info/new

Translingual

Stroke order
7 strokes

Han character

沖 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 水中 (EL), four-corner 35106, composition ⿰氵中)

Derived characters

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 611, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17209
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1004, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1565, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+6C96

Chinese

trad. 沖
simp. 冲*

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 沖
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (中) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
中 *tuŋ, *tuŋs
忠 *tuŋ
衷 *tuŋ, *tuŋs
忡 *tʰuŋ
浺 *tʰuŋ
盅 *tʰuŋ, *duŋ, *tjoŋ
种 *duŋ
沖 *duŋ
翀 *duŋ
仲 *duŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *duŋ) : semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 中 (OC *tuŋ, *tuŋs).

Pronunciation

Rime
Character 沖
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 澄 (11)
Final (韻) 東 (2)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 直弓切
Baxter drjuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɖɨuŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɖiuŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȡiuŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɖuwŋ/
Li
Rong 		/ȡiuŋ/
Wang
Li 		/ȡĭuŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȡʱi̯uŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		chóng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		cung4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 沖
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		chōng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ drjuwng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[d]ruŋ/
English sound of cutting ice

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 沖
Reading # 1/1
No. 17416
Phonetic
component 		中
Rime
group 		終
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		蟲
Old
Chinese 		/*duŋ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 沖

  1. to pour water on; to rinse; to flush; to wash
  2. to infuse; to make drinks
  3. to soar; to rise; to shoot up
    王曰：「此鳥不飛則已，一飛沖天；不鳴則已，一鳴驚人。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
    王曰：「此鸟不飞则已，一飞冲天；不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
    From: The Records of the Grand Historian, by Sima Qian, c. 91 BCE
    Wáng yuē: “Cǐ niǎo bù fēi zé yǐ, yī fēi chōng tiān; bù míng zé yǐ, yī míng jīngrén.” [Pinyin]
    (please add an English translation of this usage example)
  4. (of water) to dash against; to collide with
  5. to develop (a film)
    • 沖膠卷／冲胶卷  ―  chōng jiāojuǎn  ―  to develop a film

Compounds

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(deprecated template usage)

Japanese

Kanji

沖

(Fourth grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

Etymology

Kanji in this term
沖
おき
Grade: 4
kun'yomi
Alternative spelling
澳

⟨oki1⟩ → /oki/

From Old Japanese. Appears in the Man'yōshū of 759 CE. Cognate with 奥 (oku, “inner, inside”).[1]

The kanji spelling 沖 appears to be a reanalysis of the Chinese character based on its components of 氵 (“water”) and 中 (“center, in the middle of”).

Pronunciation

Noun

沖(おき) • (oki) 

  1. open sea

Proper noun

沖(おき) or 沖(proper) • (oki or proper) [[Category:Japanese Lua error in Module:debug at line 160: Invalid part of speech.
|おき]]

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References

  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

沖 • (chung) (hangeul 충, revised chung, McCune–Reischauer ch'ung, Yale chwung)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 沖 (trong, trùng, xung)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

  • Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
  • Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
  • Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville
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