iva

See also: Appendix:Variations of "iva"

Anuta

Etymology

Borrowed from Tikopia iva.

Numeral

iva

1. nine

References

• Greenhill, S.J., Blust. R, & Gray, R.D. (2008). The Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database: From Bioinformatics to Lexomics. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, 4:271-283.

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin īva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [ˈi.βə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ˈi.və]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈi.va]

Noun

iva f (plural ives)

1. southern bugle (Ajuga iva)

Derived terms

• iva borda

Further reading

• “iva”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Estonian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *jivä, variant of *jüvä, from Proto-Finno-Permic *jewä, ultimately borrowed from Proto-Indo-European *yéwos.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈivɑ/, [ˈivɑ]

Noun

iva (genitive iva, partitive iva)

1. grain
2. gobbet

Declension

Declension of iva (ÕS type 17/elu, no gradation)
		singular	plural
nominative		iva	ivad
accusative	nom.
	gen.	iva
genitive			ivade
partitive		iva	ivasid
illative		ivasse	ivadesse
inessive		ivas	ivades
elative		ivast	ivadest
allative		ivale	ivadele
adessive		ival	ivadel
ablative		ivalt	ivadelt
translative		ivaks	ivadeks
terminative		ivani	ivadeni
essive		ivana	ivadena
abessive		ivata	ivadeta
comitative		ivaga	ivadega

Further reading

• iva in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)
• “iva”, in [EKSS] Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009

Faroese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiːva/
• Rhymes: -iːva
• Hyphenation: iv‧a

Noun

iva

1. accusative singular of ivi
2. dative singular of ivi
3. genitive singular of ivi

Anagrams

• avi

Finnish

Etymology

Unknown. No known cognates. First attested in Daniel Juslenius: Suomalaisen Sana-Lugun Coetus ("Attempt at Listing Finnish Words", 1745).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiʋɑ/, [ˈiʋɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -iʋɑ
• Syllabification^(key): i‧va
• Hyphenation^(key): iva

Noun

iva

1. ridicule, sarcasm, mockery, derision
2. (rare) irony

   kohtalon iva ― the irony of fate

Declension

Inflection of iva (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		iva	ivat
genitive		ivan	ivojen
partitive		ivaa	ivoja
illative		ivaan	ivoihin
		singular	plural
nominative		iva	ivat
accusative	nom.	iva	ivat
	gen.	ivan
genitive		ivan	ivojen ivain rare
partitive		ivaa	ivoja
inessive		ivassa	ivoissa
elative		ivasta	ivoista
illative		ivaan	ivoihin
adessive		ivalla	ivoilla
ablative		ivalta	ivoilta
allative		ivalle	ivoille
essive		ivana	ivoina
translative		ivaksi	ivoiksi
abessive		ivatta	ivoitta
instructive		—	ivoin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of iva (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative ivani ivani accusative nom. ivani ivani gen. ivani genitive ivani ivojeni ivaini rare partitive ivaani ivojani inessive ivassani ivoissani elative ivastani ivoistani illative ivaani ivoihini adessive ivallani ivoillani ablative ivaltani ivoiltani allative ivalleni ivoilleni essive ivanani ivoinani translative ivakseni ivoikseni abessive ivattani ivoittani instructive — — comitative — ivoineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative ivasi ivasi accusative nom. ivasi ivasi gen. ivasi genitive ivasi ivojesi ivaisi rare partitive ivaasi ivojasi inessive ivassasi ivoissasi elative ivastasi ivoistasi illative ivaasi ivoihisi adessive ivallasi ivoillasi ablative ivaltasi ivoiltasi allative ivallesi ivoillesi essive ivanasi ivoinasi translative ivaksesi ivoiksesi abessive ivattasi ivoittasi instructive — — comitative — ivoinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative ivamme ivamme accusative nom. ivamme ivamme gen. ivamme genitive ivamme ivojemme ivaimme rare partitive ivaamme ivojamme inessive ivassamme ivoissamme elative ivastamme ivoistamme illative ivaamme ivoihimme adessive ivallamme ivoillamme ablative ivaltamme ivoiltamme allative ivallemme ivoillemme essive ivanamme ivoinamme translative ivaksemme ivoiksemme abessive ivattamme ivoittamme instructive — — comitative — ivoinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative ivanne ivanne accusative nom. ivanne ivanne gen. ivanne genitive ivanne ivojenne ivainne rare partitive ivaanne ivojanne inessive ivassanne ivoissanne elative ivastanne ivoistanne illative ivaanne ivoihinne adessive ivallanne ivoillanne ablative ivaltanne ivoiltanne allative ivallenne ivoillenne essive ivananne ivoinanne translative ivaksenne ivoiksenne abessive ivattanne ivoittanne instructive — — comitative — ivoinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative ivansa ivansa accusative nom. ivansa ivansa gen. ivansa genitive ivansa ivojensa ivainsa rare partitive ivaansa ivojaan ivojansa inessive ivassaan ivassansa ivoissaan ivoissansa elative ivastaan ivastansa ivoistaan ivoistansa illative ivaansa ivoihinsa adessive ivallaan ivallansa ivoillaan ivoillansa ablative ivaltaan ivaltansa ivoiltaan ivoiltansa allative ivalleen ivallensa ivoilleen ivoillensa essive ivanaan ivanansa ivoinaan ivoinansa translative ivakseen ivaksensa ivoikseen ivoiksensa abessive ivattaan ivattansa ivoittaan ivoittansa instructive — — comitative — ivoineen ivoinensa

Derived terms

adjectives

• ivallinen

verbs

• ivata

compounds

• itseiva
• ivahymy
• ivamukaelma
• ivanauru
• salaiva

Further reading

• “iva”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023

Anagrams

• AVI, avi, vai, via

Interlingua

Verb

iva

1. past of ir

Maltese

Alternative forms

• ijwa, ija, iwa (colloquial)

Etymology

From Arabic إِي وَ (ʔī wa-, “yes, by...”), which is to be followed by someone or something to swear by. Common combinations are, for example, إِي وَٱللّٰه (ʔī wa-llāh, “yes, by God”) or إِي وَرَبِّي (ʔī wa-rabbī, “yes, by my Lord”). Eventually the following word was left out. Compare the same in Hijazi Arabic إِيوَه (ʔīwa) and similar forms in other dialects. The shift from w to v is irregular, and iva is one of the only inherited Maltese words with this phoneme.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiː.va/
• Rhymes: -iːva

Interjection

iva

1. yes

   Synonym: (colloquial) eħe

See also

• forsi (“maybe”)
• le (“no”)

Middle English

Noun

iva

1. alternative form of fo

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀇𑀯 (Brahmi script)
• इव (Devanagari script)
• ইৰ (Bengali script)
• ඉව (Sinhalese script)
• ဣဝ or ဢိဝ (Burmese script)
• อิว or อิวะ (Thai script)
• ᩍᩅ (Tai Tham script)
• ອິວ or ອິວະ (Lao script)
• ឥវ (Khmer script)
• 𑄃𑄨𑅇 (Chakma script)

Alternative scripts

• va (Latin script)
• 𑀯 (Brahmi script)
• व (Devanagari script)
• ৰ (Bengali script)
• ව (Sinhalese script)
• ဝ (Burmese script)
• ว or วะ (Thai script)
• ᩅ (Tai Tham script)
• ວ or ວະ (Lao script)
• វ (Khmer script)
• 𑅇 (Chakma script)

Alternative scripts

• 'va (Latin script)
• 'व (Devanagari script)
• 'ৰ (Bengali script)
• ’ව (Sinhalese script)
• 'ဝ (Burmese script)
• 'ว or 'วะ (Thai script)
• 'ᩅ (Tai Tham script)
• 'ວ or 'ວະ (Lao script)
• 'វ (Khmer script)
• '𑅇 (Chakma script)

Particle

iva

1. like, as

Pukapukan

Pukapukan cardinal numbers

<  8	9	10  >
Cardinal : iva     Ordinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.

Numeral

iva

1. nine
2. ninth

Further reading

• Te Pukamuna | Pukapuka Dictionary

Rapa Nui

Rapa Nui cardinal numbers

<  8	9	10  >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa. Cognates include Hawaiian iwa and Maori iwa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.va/
• Hyphenation: i‧va

Numeral

iva

1. nine

References

• Veronica Du Feu (1996), Rapanui (Descriptive Grammars), Routledge, →ISBN, page 172
• Paulus Kieviet (2017), A grammar of Rapa Nui‎^[2], Berlin: Language Science Press, →ISBN, page 147

Rarotongan

Rarotongan cardinal numbers

<  8	9	10  >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.

Numeral

iva

1. nine

Romani

Noun

iva

1. nominative plural of iv

Romansch

Alternative forms

• iua (Sursilvan)
• ieuva (Sutsilvan)
• üja (Puter)
• uia (Vallader)

Etymology

From Latin ūva.

Noun

iva f (plural ivas)

1. (Rumantsch Grischun, Surmiran) grape

Derived terms

• ivetta (“raisin”)

Samoan

Samoan cardinal numbers

<  8	9	10  >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.

Numeral

iva

1. nine

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ǐːʋa/
• Hyphenation: i‧va

Noun

íva f (Cyrillic spelling и́ва)

1. osier

Declension

Declension of iva

	singular	plural
nominative	iva	ive
genitive	ive	iva
dative	ivi	ivama
accusative	ivu	ive
vocative	ivo	ive
locative	ivi	ivama
instrumental	ivom	ivama

References

• “iva”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2025

South Marquesan

South Marquesan cardinal numbers

<  8	9	10  >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.

Numeral

iva

1. nine

Swahili

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-iva (infinitive kuiva)

1. to be ripened (e.g. of fruit)
2. to be cooked and ready to be eaten (of a meal)

Conjugation

Conjugation of -iva
Positive present -naiva Subjunctive -ive Negative -ivi Imperative singular iva
Infinitives
Positive kuiva Negative kutoiva
Imperatives
Singular iva Plural iveni
Tensed forms
Habitual huiva Positive past positive subject concord + -liiva Negative past negative subject concord + -kuiva
Positive present (positive subject concord + -naiva) Singular Plural 1st person ninaiva/naiva tunaiva 2nd person unaiva mnaiva 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anaiva wanaiva other classes positive subject concord + -naiva
Negative present (negative subject concord + -ivi) Singular Plural 1st person siivi hatuivi 2nd person huivi hamwivi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) haivi hawaivi other classes negative subject concord + -ivi
Positive future positive subject concord + -taiva Negative future negative subject concord + -taiva
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -ive) Singular Plural 1st person niive tuive 2nd person uive mwive 3rd person m-wa(I/II) aive waive other classes positive subject concord + -ive
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -siive Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeiva Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeiva Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaliiva Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaliiva
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aiva) Singular Plural 1st person naiva twaiva 2nd person waiva mwaiva 3rd person m-wa(I/II) aiva waiva m-mi(III/IV) waiva yaiva ji-ma(V/VI) laiva yaiva ki-vi(VII/VIII) chaiva vyaiva n(IX/X) yaiva zaiva u(XI) waiva see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwaiva pa(XVI) paiva mu(XVIII) mwaiva
Perfect positive subject concord + -meiva "Already" positive subject concord + -meshaiva "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jaiva "If/When" positive subject concord + -kiiva "If not" positive subject concord + -sipoiva Consecutive kaiva / positive subject concord + -kaiva Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kaive
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -niiva -tuiva 2nd person -kuiva -waiva/-kuiveni/-waiveni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mwiva -waiva m-mi(III/IV) -uiva -iiva ji-ma(V/VI) -liiva -yaiva ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kiiva -viiva n(IX/X) -iiva -ziiva u(XI) -uiva see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuiva pa(XVI) -paiva mu(XVIII) -muiva Reflexive -jiiva
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -iva- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -ivaye -ivao m-mi(III/IV) -ivao -ivayo ji-ma(V/VI) -ivalo -ivayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -ivacho -ivavyo n(IX/X) -ivayo -ivazo u(XI) -ivao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -ivako pa(XVI) -ivapo mu(XVIII) -ivamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -iva) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yeiva -oiva m-mi(III/IV) -oiva -yoiva ji-ma(V/VI) -loiva -yoiva ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choiva -vyoiva n(IX/X) -yoiva -zoiva u(XI) -oiva see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -koiva pa(XVI) -poiva mu(XVIII) -moiva
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Causative: -ivisha

Tahitian

Tahitian cardinal numbers

<  8	9	10  >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.

Numeral

iva

1. nine

   nā taʻata/tā’ata e iva ― five people

Derived terms

• iva ʻahuru

Tokelauan

Tokelauan cardinal numbers

<  8	9	10  >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa. Cognates include Hawaiian iwa and Samoan iva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈi.va]
• Hyphenation: i‧va

Verb

iva

1. (stative) to be nine

References

• R. Simona, editor (1986), Tokelau Dictionary‎^[3], Auckland: Office of Tokelau Affairs, page 32

Tuvaluan

Tuvaluan cardinal numbers

<  8	9	10  >
Cardinal : iva

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Oceanic *hiwa, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hiwa, from Proto-Austronesian *Siwa.

Numeral

iva

1. nine

Zulu

Etymology

Cognate with Northern Ndebele iliva.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /íːva/

Noun

ī́va class 5 (plural améva class 6)

1. thorn

Inflection

Class 5/6 (locative eveni)

	singular		plural
full form	iva		ameva
simple form	liva		meva
locative	eveni		emeveni
copulative	yiva		ngameva
Possessive forms
	singular		plural
	modifier	substantive	modifier	substantive
class 1	weva	oweva	wameva	owameva
class 2	beva	abeva	bameva	abameva
class 3	weva	oweva	wameva	owameva
class 4	yeva	eyeva	yameva	eyameva
class 5	leva	eleva	lameva	elameva
class 6	eva	aweva	ameva	awameva
class 7	seva	eseva	sameva	esameva
class 8	zeva	ezeva	zameva	ezameva
class 9	yeva	eyeva	yameva	eyameva
class 10	zeva	ezeva	zameva	ezameva
class 11	lweva	olweva	lwameva	olwameva
class 14	beva	obeva	bameva	obameva
class 15	kweva	okweva	kwameva	okwameva
class 17	kweva	okweva	kwameva	okwameva

References

• C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “-iva”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “-iva (3.2.9)”