glas

See also: Glas, glás, and glas'

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch glas, from Middle Dutch glas, from Old Dutch glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /χlas/

Noun

glas (plural glase, diminutive glasie)

1. (uncountable) glass (material)
2. (countable) glass (vessel)

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Cornish

Etymology

(deprecated template usage)

From Proto-Brythonic *glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Pronunciation

• (Revived Middle Cornish) IPA^(key): [ɡlaːz]
• (Revived Late Cornish) IPA^(key): [ɡlæːz]

Adjective

glas

1. blue

   Synonym: blou

2. green (of living things)
3. grey

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Dalmatian

Noun

glas

1. Alternative form of glaz

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Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Low German glas.

Noun

glas n (singular definite glasset, plural indefinite glas)

1. (uncountable) glass (substance)
2. glass (drinking vessel)
3. (nautical) bells, a mark given by the bells of a ship every half hour to mark the passing of time during a four-hour watch. There were eight bells per watch and then the counting started from the beginning.

Inflection

Declension of glas

neuter gender	Singular		Plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	glas	glasset	glas	glassene
genitive	glas'	glassets	glas'	glassenes

Descendants

• → Icelandic: glas

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Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch glas, from Old Dutch glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”). Compare Low German Glas, German Glas, English glass, West Frisian glês, Icelandic gler.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣlɑs/

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: glas
• Rhymes: -ɑs

Noun

glas n (plural glazen, diminutive glaasje n)

1. (uncountable) glass (material)

   Vensters zijn gemaakt van glas. ― Windows are made of glass.

2. (countable) glass (vessel)

   Staan er al glazen op tafel? ― Are there glasses on the table yet?

3. (countable) glass (quantity)

   Drink even een glas water. ― Drink a glass of water.

Derived terms

• bierglas
• gebrandschilderd glas
• glas-in-lood
• glasachtig
• glasraam
• glazen
• glazenwasser
• koetsiersglas
• theeglas
• wijnglas

 

Descendants

• Afrikaans: glas
• → Japanese: ガラス (garasu)
• → Sranan Tongo: grasi

Anagrams

• slag

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Faroese

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Low German glas.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klɛaːs/

Noun

glas n (genitive singular glas, plural gløs)

1. glass (material)
2. glass (beverage container)
3. glass (quantity)
4. little bottle

Declension

Declension of glas
n12	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	glas	glasið	gløs	gløsini
accusative	glas	glasið	gløs	gløsini
dative	glasi	glasinum	gløsum	gløsunum
genitive	glas	glasins	glasa	glasanna

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French

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *classum, from Latin classicum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡla/, /ɡlɑ/
• (France) IPA^(key): /ɡla/, /ɡlɑ/

• Audio (Paris)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑ

Noun

glas m (plural glas)

1. (funeral) bell
2. (figuratively) death knell (omen)

Further reading

• “glas”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.

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Haitian Creole

Etymology

From French glace (“ice”)

Noun

glas

1. ice

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Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klaːs/
• Rhymes: -aːs

Noun

glas n (genitive singular glass, nominative plural glös)

1. glass (beverage container)

Declension

declension of glas

n-s	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	glas	glasið	glös	glösin
accusative	glas	glasið	glös	glösin
dative	glasi	glasinu	glösum	glösunum
genitive	glass	glassins	glasa	glasanna

Derived terms

• andaglas
• stundaglas
• tilraunaglas
• vatnsglas

 

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Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlˠasˠ/

Etymology 1

(deprecated template usage)

From Old Irish glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Adjective

glas (genitive singular masculine glais, genitive singular feminine glaise, plural glasa, comparative glaise)

1. green (of grass, trees, etc.)

   Proverb: Is glas na cnoic i bhfad uainn ― Far-off hills are green.

   1. young and fresh, unripe
   2. immature, unseasoned
   3. raw, inexperienced
   4. unwrought
   5. weak in sustenance
   6. pale, sickly-hued
2. grey (of sheep, horses, cloth, wool, etc.; of eyes)
   1. (of eyes) grey(-blue); light blue
   2. (of metal) lustrous, bright, steely
   3. (of atmosphere) dismal, raw, chilly
3. (politics) green
4. (literary) blue

Declension

Declension of glas

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	glas	ghlas	glasa; ghlasa²
Vocative	ghlais		glasa
Genitive		glase	glasa	glas
Dative	glas; ghlas¹	ghlas; ghlais (archaic)	glasa; ghlasa²
Comparative	níos glase
Superlative	is glase

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

Derived terms

• arán glas (“wall pennywort”)
• barrghlas (“green-topped”)
• glas- (“green, greenish; grey, greyish; pale, pallid; immature, unseasoned; raw, inexperienced”)
• glasaigh (“become green; become sickly; become grey; become raw, chill; make, colour, green”)
• glasra (“greenery; vegetable”)
• scothghlas (“greenish”, adjective)

 

Noun 1

glas m (genitive singular glais)

1. 1. green (colour)
   2. grey (colour)
   3. grey material

Declension

Declension of glas

First declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun) Case Singular Nominative glas Vocative a ghlais Genitive glais Dative glas

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an glas Genitive an ghlais Dative leis an nglas don ghlas

Noun 2

glas f (genitive singular glaise, nominative plural glasa)

1. grey cow

Declension

Declension of glas

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative glas glasa Vocative a ghlas a ghlasa Genitive glaise glas Dative glas glasa

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an ghlas na glasa Genitive na glaise na nglas Dative leis an nglas don ghlas leis na glasa

Verb

glas (present analytic glasann, future analytic glasfaidh, verbal noun glasadh, past participle glasta)

1. (transitive, intransitive) Alternative form of glasaigh (“become green; become sickly; become grey; become raw, chill; make, colour, green”)

Conjugation

conjugation of glas (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	glasaim	glasann tú; glasair†	glasann sé, sí	glasaimid	glasann sibh	glasann siad; glasaid†	a ghlasann; a ghlasas / a nglasann*; a nglasas*	glastar
	past	ghlas mé; ghlasas	ghlas tú; ghlasais	ghlas sé, sí	ghlasamar; ghlas muid	ghlas sibh; ghlasabhair	ghlas siad; ghlasadar	a ghlas / ar ghlas*	glasadh
	past habitual	ghlasainn / nglasainn‡‡	ghlastá / nglastᇇ	ghlasadh sé, sí / nglasadh sé, s퇇	ghlasaimis; ghlasadh muid / nglasaimis‡‡; nglasadh muid‡‡	ghlasadh sibh / nglasadh sibh‡‡	ghlasaidís; ghlasadh siad / nglasaidís‡‡; nglasadh siad‡‡	a ghlasadh / a nglasadh*	ghlastaí / nglasta퇇
future		glasfaidh mé; glasfad	glasfaidh tú; glasfair†	glasfaidh sé, sí	glasfaimid; glasfaidh muid	glasfaidh sibh	glasfaidh siad; glasfaid†	a ghlasfaidh; a ghlasfas / a nglasfaidh*; a nglasfas*	glasfar
conditional		ghlasfainn / nglasfainn‡‡	ghlasfá / nglasfᇇ	ghlasfadh sé, sí / nglasfadh sé, s퇇	ghlasfaimis; ghlasfadh muid / nglasfaimis‡‡; nglasfadh muid‡‡	ghlasfadh sibh / nglasfadh sibh‡‡	ghlasfaidís; ghlasfadh siad / nglasfaidís‡‡; nglasfadh siad‡‡	a ghlasfadh / a nglasfadh*	ghlasfaí / nglasfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go nglasa mé; go nglasad†	go nglasa tú; go nglasair†	go nglasa sé, sí	go nglasaimid; go nglasa muid	go nglasa sibh	go nglasa siad; go nglasaid†	—	go nglastar
	past	dá nglasainn	dá nglastá	dá nglasadh sé, sí	dá nglasaimis; dá nglasadh muid	dá nglasadh sibh	dá nglasaidís; dá nglasadh siad	—	dá nglastaí
imperative		glasaim	glas	glasadh sé, sí	glasaimis	glasaigí; glasaidh†	glasaidís	—	glastar
verbal noun		glasadh
past participle		glasta

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

See also

Colors in Irish · dathanna (layout · text)

bán	liath	dubh
dearg; corcairdhearg	oráiste, flannbhuí; donn	buí; bánbhuí
líoma-ghlas, glas líoma	glas, uaine	dath an mhiontais
cian	gormghlas, spéirghorm	gorm
corcairghorm; indeagó	maigeanta; corcra	bándearg

Etymology 2

From Old Irish glas (“clasp, lock”).

Noun

glas m (genitive singular glais, nominative plural glais)

1. lock

   Proverb: Is fearr glas ná amhras. ― Better be sure than sorry.

Declension

Declension of glas

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative glas glais Vocative a ghlais a ghlasa Genitive glais glas Dative glas glais

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an glas na glais Genitive an ghlais na nglas Dative leis an nglas don ghlas leis na glais

Derived terms

• deasc ghlais (“lock-up desk”)
• faoi ghlas (“under lock and key, locked (in, up)”)
• glais lámh (“handcuffs”)
• glas ascaille (“arm-lock”)
• glas cinn (“head-lock”)
• glas cip (“wooden bolt (on inside of door)”)
• glas coime (“waist-lock”)
• glas dúbailte (“double lock”)
• glas fiacla (“lock-jaw”)
• glas fraincín, glas crochta (“padlock”)
• glas gunna (“gun-lock”)
• glas moirtíse (“mortise-lock”)
• glas- (“locked, tight, secure”)
• glasadóir, glasaire (“locksmith”)
• glasáil (“lock”, transitive verb)

 

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

glas f (genitive singular glaise, nominative plural glasa)

1. rivulet, stream

Declension

Declension of glas

Second declension

Bare forms Case Singular Plural Nominative glas glasa Vocative a ghlas a ghlasa Genitive glaise glas Dative glas glasa

Forms with the definite article Case Singular Plural Nominative an ghlas na glasa Genitive na glaise na nglas Dative leis an nglas don ghlas leis na glasa

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
glas	ghlas	nglas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “glas”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Entries containing “glas” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “glas” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

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Kurdish

glas

Noun

1. glass (substance)

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Middle Dutch

Etymology

From Old Dutch glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɣlas/

Noun

glas n

1. glass (substance)

Descendants

• Dutch: glas
  • Afrikaans: glas
  • → Japanese: ガラス (garasu)
  • → Sranan Tongo: grasi
• Limburgish: glaas

Further reading

• “glas”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
• Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “glas”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

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Middle English

Alternative forms

• glass, glasse, glace, glasce

Etymology

From Old English glæs, from Proto-Germanic *glasą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡlas/, /ˈɡlaːs/, /ˈɡlɛs/

Noun

glas (plural glasses)

1. Glass (substance made with melted sand):

   • a. 1394, Geoffrey Chaucer, “General Prologue”, in The Canterbury Tales‎^[1], lines 151-152:

     Ful semyly hir wympul pynched was /Hir nose tretys, hir eyen greye as glas […]

     Her wimple was folded in quite a seemly way / Her nose [was] slender; her eyes [were] grey like glass […]

2. An object made of or containing glass:
   1. A glass; a cup or drinking-vessel made of glass.
   2. A box, receptacle, or vessel made of glass.
   3. A mirror made of glass; a piece of glass for personal grooming.
   4. (rare) A sandglass; a sand timer.
3. Ground-up glass as used in alchemy and pharmaceuticals.
4. A kind of crystal similar in appearance to glass.
5. (rare) A shard or fragment of glass.

Related terms

• glasen
• glasier
• glasy
• glasyng

 

Descendants

• English: glass, glasse
  • → Gulf Arabic: قلاص (gḷāṣ)
  • → Fiji Hindi: gilaas
  • → Japanese: グラス (gurasu)
  • → Kikuyu: ngirathi
  • → Malay: gelas, ݢلس
• Scots: gless, glass

References

• “glas (n.)”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-20.

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Middle Low German glas

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlɑːs/

Noun

glas n (definite singular glaset, indefinite plural glas, definite plural glasa)

1. glass (hard and transparent material)
2. glass (drink container made of glass)
3. window

See also

• glass (Bokmål)

References

• “glas” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

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Old Irish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlas/

Etymology 1

(deprecated template usage)

From Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Adjective

glas

1. green, greenish (especially of growing things, grass, trees, etc.)
2. blue, green-blue, grey-blue
3. the colour of the blue dye extracted from woad
4. metallic in colour
5. the colour of frost or ice
6. shades of grey
7. wan (of complexion)
8. bluish, livid, discolored
9. faded (of clothing)

Inflection

o/ā-stem
Singular	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	glas	glas	glas
Vocative	glais* glas**
Accusative	glas	glais
Genitive	glais	glaise	glais
Dative	glas	glais	glas
Plural	Masculine	Feminine/neuter
Nominative	glais	glasa
Vocative	glasu glasa†
Accusative	glasu glasa†
Genitive	glas
Dative	glasaib
Notes	*modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative **modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative † not when substantivized

Descendants

• Irish: glas
• Manx: glass
• Scottish Gaelic: glas

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

glas m or f

1. lock, fetter, clasp, bolt
2. winding up, conclusion

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

• Irish: glas
• Manx: glass
• Scottish Gaelic: glas

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
glas	glas pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/	nglas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 glas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 glas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

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Old Saxon

Alternative forms

• gles

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *glasą, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”). Compare Old English glæs, Old Dutch glas, Old Frisian gles, Old High German glas, clas, Old Norse gler.

Noun

glas n

1. glass

Descendants

• Middle Low German: glas
  • German Low German: Glas
  • Plautdietsch: Glauss
  • → Old Norse: glas (in glaskeri)
    • Faroese: glas
    • Norwegian: glass, glas
    • Old Swedish: glas
      • Swedish: glas
        • → Finnish: klasi, lasi
          • → Votic: klazi, klasi
    • Old Danish: glas
      • Danish: glas
        • → Icelandic: glas
    • ,

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Romanian

Etymology

From a Slavic language, from Proto-Slavic *golsъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlas/
• Rhymes: -as

Noun

glas n (plural glasuri)

1. voice
2. vote

Declension

Declension of glas

	singular		plural
	indefinite articulation	definite articulation	indefinite articulation	definite articulation
nominative/accusative	(un) glas	glasul	(niște) glasuri	glasurile
genitive/dative	(unui) glas	glasului	(unor) glasuri	glasurilor
vocative	glasule		glasurilor

Synonyms

• voce

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Scottish Gaelic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /klas/

Etymology 1

(deprecated template usage)

From Old Irish glas (descriptive of various shades of light green and blue, passing from grass-green to grey), from Proto-Celtic *glastos (“green, blue”) (compare Welsh glas (“blue”)).

Adjective

glas (genitive singular masculine glais, genitive singular feminine glaise, nominative plural glasa, comparative glaise)

1. green (of grass, trees, etc.; also "inexperienced")
2. grey (of sheep, horses, cloth, wool, etc.; also of eyes)

Declension

Case	Masculine singular	Feminine singular	Plural
Nominative	glas	ghlas	glasa
Vocative	glais	glas	glasa
Genitive	ghlais	ghlais/glaise	glas
Dative	ghlas	ghlais	glasa

Etymology 2

From Old Irish glas (“clasp, lock”).

Noun

glas f (genitive singular glais or glaise, plural glasan)

1. lock

Derived terms

• glas-ghuib

Verb

glas (past ghlas, future glasaidh, verbal noun glasadh, past participle glaste)

1. lock

Alternative forms

• glais

See also

Colors in Scottish Gaelic · dathan (layout · text)

bàn, geal	glas	dubh
dearg; ruadh	orainds; donn	buidhe; donn
uaine	uaine	gorm
liath; glas	liath	gorm
purpaidh; guirmean	pinc; purpaidh	pinc

Mutation

Scottish Gaelic mutation
Radical	Lenition
glas	ghlas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “glas”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[2], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “1 glas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “2 glas”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *golsъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡlaːs/

Noun

glȃs m (Cyrillic spelling гла̑с)

1. voice
2. vote
3. (expressively) news
4. (linguistics) phone

Declension

Declension of glas

	singular	plural
nominative	glȃs	glȁsovi
genitive	glasa	glasova
dative	glasu	glasovima
accusative	glas	glasove
vocative	glasu	glasovi
locative	glasu	glasovima
instrumental	glasom	glasovima

References

• “glas” in Hrvatski jezični portal

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Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *golsъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡláːs/

Noun

glȃs m inan

1. voice

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem, long mixed accent, plural in -ôv-
nom. sing.	glás
gen. sing.	glasú
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	glás	glasôva	glasôvi
genitive (rodȋlnik)	glasú	glasôv	glasôv
dative (dajȃlnik)	glásu	glasôvoma	glasôvom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	glás	glasôva	glasôve
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	glásu	glasôvih	glasôvih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	glásom	glasôvoma	glasôvi

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	glás
gen. sing.	glása
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	glás	glása	glási
genitive (rodȋlnik)	glása	glásov	glásov
dative (dajȃlnik)	glásu	glásoma	glásom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	glás	glása	gláse
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	glásu	glásih	glásih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	glásom	glásoma	glási

Derived terms

• glásek
• glásen

 

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Spanish

Adjective

1. Only used in azúcar glas

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Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish glas, from Middle Low German glas, from Proto-Germanic *glasą and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlɑːs/

• audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːs

Noun

glas n

1. glass (material)
2. glass (vessel)

Declension

Declension of glas
	Singular		Plural
	Indefinite	Definite	Indefinite	Definite
Nominative	glas	glaset	glas	glasen
Genitive	glas	glasets	glas	glasens

Descendants

• → Finnish: klasi, lasi
  • → Votic: klazi, klasi

References

• Häkkinen, Kaisa (2004) Nykysuomen etymologinen sanakirja [Modern Finnish Etymological Dictionary] (in Finnish), Juva: WSOY, →ISBN

Anagrams

• algs, lags, slag

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Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English glass.

Noun

glas

1. glass (as in glass of water)

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Welsh

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡlaːs/

Etymology 1

(deprecated template usage)

From Proto-Brythonic *glas, from Proto-Celtic *glastos.

Adjective

glas (feminine singular glas, plural gleision, equative glased, comparative glasach, superlative glasaf)

1. blue
2. inexperienced
   • 2001, Menna Elfyn, "Er cof am Kelly":

     Panig wedi'r poen. / "My God its only a little girl" / Meddai'r glas filwr.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
glas	las	nglas	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

See also

Colors in Welsh · lliwiau (layout · text)

gwyn	llwyd	du
coch; rhudd	oren, melyngoch; brown	melyn; melynwyn
melynwyrdd	gwyrdd
gwyrddlas; glaswyrdd	asur, gwynlas	glas
fioled, rhuddlas; indigo	majenta; porffor	pinc, rhuddwyn

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

glas

1. Soft mutation of clas (“cloister”).

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
clas	glas	nghlas	chlas
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.