古
Translingual
Stroke order | |||
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Han character
古 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+2, 5 strokes, cangjie input 十口 (JR), four-corner 40600, composition ⿱十口)
Derived characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 171, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3233
- Dae Jaweon: page 380, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 568, character 3
- Unihan data for U+53E4
Chinese
simp. and trad. |
古 | |
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alternative forms | 𠖠 ‡ |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 古 | ||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
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箇 | *kaːls |
個 | *kaːls |
居 | *kɯ, *kas |
橭 | *kaː, *kʰaː |
嫴 | *kaː |
姑 | *kaː |
辜 | *kaː |
酤 | *kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ |
蛄 | *kaː |
鴣 | *kaː |
沽 | *kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs |
盬 | *kaː, *kaːʔ |
古 | *kaːʔ |
罟 | *kaːʔ |
估 | *kaːʔ |
鈷 | *kaːʔ |
詁 | *kaːʔ |
牯 | *kaːʔ |
故 | *kaːs |
固 | *kaːs |
稒 | *kaːɡs |
痼 | *kaːɡs |
錮 | *kaːɡs |
鯝 | *kaːɡs |
棝 | *kaːɡs |
凅 | *kaːɡs |
枯 | *kʰaː |
軲 | *kʰaː |
跍 | *kʰaː |
骷 | *kʰaː |
苦 | *kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs |
葫 | *qʰaː, *ɡaː |
餬 | *ɡaː |
瑚 | *ɡaː |
湖 | *ɡaː |
鶘 | *ɡaː |
猢 | *ɡaː |
醐 | *ɡaː |
糊 | *ɡaː |
箶 | *ɡaː |
蝴 | *ɡaː |
胡 | *ɡaː |
瓳 | *ɡaː |
怙 | *ɡaːʔ |
祜 | *ɡaːʔ |
岵 | *ɡaːʔ |
婟 | *ɡaːʔ, *ɡaːɡs |
楛 | *ɡaːʔ |
据 | *ka |
裾 | *ka |
琚 | *ka |
椐 | *ka, *kas, *kʰa |
鶋 | *ka |
蜛 | *ka |
崌 | *ka |
涺 | *ka |
腒 | *ka, *ɡa |
鋸 | *kas |
倨 | *kas |
踞 | *kas |
涸 | *ɡaːɡ |
Unknown.
Shuowen: Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 十 (“ten”) + 口 (“mouth”).
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *r-ga (“old”). Cognate with 故 (OC *kaːs, “old things; former; dead”) and Tibetan རྒ (rga, “to be old; aged”). May be also related to Indonesian kuno.
Pronunciation
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Definitions
- the past; ancient times
- 古今 ― gǔjīn ― ancient and modern times
- old; ancient
- classic; old-styled
- simple; unaffected; unsophisticated
- things in the past; antiquities; history
- (Cantonese, Hakka, Southern Min) story
- Short for 古體詩/古体诗 (gǔtǐshī, “ancient-style poem”).
- a surname
Compounds
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Descendants
Japanese
Kanji
Readings
- Go-on: く (ku)
- Kan-on: こ (ko, Jōyō)
- Kun: ふるい (furui, 古い, Jōyō); ふるす (furusu, 古す, Jōyō); いにしえ (inishie, 古)←いにしへ (inisife, 古, historical)
Compounds
Etymology
inisipe > inisiɸe > inisiwe > inisie. Literally "that which has passed". From the verb 往ぬ (inu, “pass”) in adverbial form ini, the past marker き (ki) in attributive form si, and 方 (pe, “time, direction”).
Noun
古 • (inishie) ←いにしへ (inisife)?
Korean
Hanja
Compounds
Vietnamese
Han character
古: Hán Việt readings: cổ (
古: Nôm readings: cổ[1][2][4][5][6], cỗ[2][3][7][4][6], của[1][2], có[1], cỏ[1], kẻ[3]
Compounds
References
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han script characters
- Han ideogrammic compounds
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Cantonese Chinese
- Hakka Chinese
- Southern Min Chinese
- Cantonese terms with usage examples
- Chinese short forms
- Chinese surnames
- Elementary Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese second grade kanji
- Japanese kyōiku kanji
- Japanese jōyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading く
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading こ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ふる・い
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ふる・す
- Japanese kanji with kun reading いにしえ
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading いにしへ
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with 古
- Japanese single-kanji terms
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Korean hanja forms
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters
- Vietnamese Nom