tart

See also: Tart and tárt

English

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tɑɹt/
• IPA^(key): /tɑːt/

• Audio (AU):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)t

Etymology 1

From Middle English tart, from Old English teart (“sharp, rough, severe”), from Proto-West Germanic *tart, from Proto-Germanic *tartaz (“rough, sharp, tearing”), from Proto-Germanic *teraną (“to tear”), from Proto-Indo-European *der- (“to flay, split, cleave”). Related to Scots tairt (“tart; tartness”), Dutch tarten (“to defy, challenge, mock”), German trotzen (“to defy, brave, mock”), perhaps Albanian thartë (“sour, acid, sharp”).

Adjective

tart (comparative tarter, superlative tartest)

1. Sharp to the taste; acid; sour.

   I ate a very tart apple.

2. (of wine) high or too high in acidity.
3. (figuratively) Sharp; keen; severe.

   He gave me a very tart reply.

Synonyms

• (of wine: high in acidity): green

Derived terms

• tarten
• tartness

Translations

with sharp taste, sour

• Armenian: տտիպ (hy) (ttip)
• Azerbaijani: turş (az)
• Bulgarian: тръпчив (bg) (trǎpčiv)
• Dutch: wrang (nl), zuur (nl)
• Finnish: kirpeä (fi), hapan (fi)
• French: amer (fr), mordant (fr)
• Galician: áspero, acerbo (gl)
• Gallurese: agracciu, agritzu
• Georgian: მწკლარტე (mc̣ḳlarṭe)
• German: sauer (de), herb (de)
• Hungarian: fanyar (hu)
• Italian: acido (it), aspro (it)
• Latin: acidus (la)
• Old Church Slavonic: кꙑсѣлъ (kysělŭ)
• Persian: ترش (fa) (torš), زست (zost)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Polish: cierpki (pl)
• Portuguese: azedo (pt)
• Russian: те́рпкий (ru) (térpkij), е́дкий (ru) (jédkij), ки́слый (ru) (kíslyj) (sour)
• Sardinian:

  Campidanese: argu, aspru, bruscu, rasposu

  Logudorese: arraulàdu, aspidu, argu, rasposu, aspru, bruscu

• Sassarese: àipru
• Scottish Gaelic: goirt
• Spanish: ácido (es), amargo (es)
• Swedish: sur (sv), kärv (sv)
• Turkish: kekre (tr), buruk (tr)

high or too high in acidity (of wine)

• Bulgarian: кисел (bg) (kisel)
• German: sauer (de), säuerlich (de)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}

sharp (figuratively)

• Bulgarian: хаплив (bg) (hapliv), язвителен (bg) (jazvitelen)
• Finnish: terävä (fi), pisteliäs (fi)
• German: scharf (de)
• Italian: aspro (it), tagliente (it)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Russian: ре́зкий (ru) (rézkij), е́дкий (ru) (jédkij)
• Turkish: buruk (tr)

Etymology 2

From Middle English tart, tarte, from Old French tarte, tartre (“flat pastry”) (compare Medieval Latin tarta), of unknown origin. Perhaps an alteration of Old French torte, tourte, from Vulgar Latin *torta, from torta (“twisted”) panis (“bread”), from feminine of Latin tortus (“twisted, folded over”). Cognate to torta.

Noun

tart (plural tarts)

1. A type of small open pie, or piece of pastry, containing jelly or conserve; a sort of fruit pie.
2. A melt (block of wax for use in a tart burner).

Derived terms

• Bakewell tart
• egg tart
• pineapple tart
• treacle tart

Related terms

• tort
• torta
• torte
• torture

Translations

pie, pastry

• Bulgarian: плодова пита f (plodova pita), пай (bg) m (paj)
• Catalan: pastís (ca)
• Chinese:

  Cantonese: 撻／挞 (yue)

  Mandarin: 撻／挞 (zh), 挞 (zh) (tà)

• Dutch: taart (nl) f
• Finnish: piirakka (fi), torttu (fi)
• French: tarte (fr), tartelette (fr)
• German: Tarte (de) f, Törtchen (de) n
• Greek: τάρτα (el) f (tárta)
• Ido: tarto (io)
• Indonesian: tar (id)
• Italian: torta (it) (cake), crostata (it)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Japanese: タルト (taruto)
• Korean: 타르트 (tareuteu)
• Lao: please add this translation if you can
• Malay: tat, tart
• Persian: تارت (târt)
• Polish: tarta (pl) f
• Portuguese: torta (pt) f (Brazil), tarte f (Portugal)
• Russian: пиро́г (ru) m (piróg), тарт (ru) m (tart)
• Scottish Gaelic: pithean m
• Spanish: tarta (es) f, tartaleta f
• Turkish: turta (tr), tart (tr) (rare)

Etymology 3

From sweetheart or jam tart (“attractive woman”) by shortening.

Noun

tart (plural tarts)

1. (British, slang) A prostitute.
2. (British, slang, derogatory) By extension, any woman with loose sexual morals.
   • 1950, Roy E. Blick (police inspector), testimony before the United States Congress‎^[1]:

     We know the majority of the places that these tarts will hang out at.

Synonyms

• (prostitute): See also Thesaurus:prostitute
• (prostitute): See also Thesaurus:promiscuous woman

Derived terms

• tartlet

Translations

prostitute

• Bulgarian: проститу́тка (bg) f (prostitútka)
• Catalan: puta (ca), bagassa (ca), bandarra (ca)
• Finnish: ilotyttö (fi), huora (fi)
• French: putain (fr), pute (fr)
• German: Hure (de) f, Prostituierte (de) f
• Greek: πουτάνα (el) f (poutána)
• Italian: puttana (it), prostituta (it)
• Norwegian: prostituert (no), hore (no)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Portuguese: prostituta (pt) f
• Russian: проститу́тка (ru) f (prostitútka)
• Scottish Gaelic: siùrsach f, strìopach (gd) f
• Swedish: hora (sv) c
• Turkish: fahişe (tr)
• Urdu: طوائف (tvāf)

woman with loose sexual morals

• Bulgarian: курва (bg) f (kurva)
• Catalan: marcolfa (ca), marfanta (ca)
• Finnish: lumppu (fi), lunttu (fi), huora (fi)
• French: salope (fr)
• German: Schlampe (de) f, Flittchen (de) n
• Greek: τσούλα (el) f (tsoúla)
• Italian: donnaccia
• Norwegian: hore (no), tøs (no) (slang)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Portuguese: vadia (pt) f
• Russian: шлю́ха (ru) f (šljúxa), блядь (ru) f (bljadʹ), потаску́ха (ru) f (potaskúxa), ку́рва (ru) f (kúrva), шала́ва (ru) f (šaláva)
• Scottish Gaelic: sgliùrach f, luid f
• Spanish: guarra (es) (Spain), pelandusca (es) (Spain)
• Swedish: slampa (sv) c
• Turkish: sürtük (tr)

Verb

tart (third-person singular simple present tarts, present participle tarting, simple past and past participle tarted)

1. To practice prostitution.
2. To practice promiscuous sex.
3. To dress garishly, ostentatiously, whorishly, or sluttily.

Derived terms

• pop tart (slang)
• tart up

Anagrams

• Trat, attr

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑrt

Verb

tart

1. (deprecated template usage) first-, second- and third-person singular present indicative of tarten
2. (deprecated template usage) imperative of tarten

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Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈtɒrt]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɒrt

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

tart

1. (transitive) to keep (many different senses overlapping with English, see examples)

   Synonyms: őriz, megőriz

   (somewhere): A fontos papírokat a fiókban tartom. ― I keep the important documents in the drawer.

   (somehow): A hűtő hidegen tartja az ételt. ― The refrigerator keeps the food cold.

   (pet): Kutyát tart. ― S/he keeps a dog.

   (idiomatic): Tartja a szavát. ― He keeps his word. (i.e. a promise)

2. (transitive) to hold

   Synonym: fog

   Könyvet tart a kezében. ― He holds a book in his hand.

3. (transitive) to support (keep in the same place, withstanding its weight)

   Synonyms: támaszt, megtámaszt

   Antonym: elenged (to let go)

   A falak tartják a tetőt. ― The walls support the roof.

4. (intransitive) to take up space or time, extend, to last (-tól/-től … -ig)

   Antonyms: végződik, véget ér (to end)

   (in time): Az előadás délig tart. ― The lecture goes on until noon. (The lecture ends at noon)

   (in space): A dugó a Petőfi utcától a Kossuth utcáig tart. ― The traffic jam extends from Petőfi Street up to Kossuth Street.

5. (intransitive) momentarily describing whether a process is still in progress, and if yes how far it has gone

   A könyv elején tartok. ― I am at the beginning of the book.

   Tart még a film a tévében? ― Is the film still playing on TV?

6. (intransitive) to esteem, deem, regard, think highly or poorly of (with -ra/-re)
7. (intransitive) to head into a direction

   Synonym: megy

   Merre tartasz? ― Where are you headed?

8. (intransitive) to fear (of someone or something -tól/-től)

   Synonym: fél

   Tartok a betörőktől. ― I'm afraid of burglars.

   • 1990, Róbert Hámori, Egérderby, Budapest: Eötvös Kiadó, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 8:

     A dzsip a lépcsőháztól nem messze parkol, balra, ide tessékelnek be, a feszültség azért már oldódik, a rendőrök is érzik, tudják, nincs mitől tartaniuk, épp eléggé elfoglal engem a magam baja, nemhogy szökésre gondoljak.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

9. (intransitive, used with attól) to be afraid, to be regretful, to be sorry

   Synonym: sajnál

   Attól tartok, nem tudok ebben segíteni önnek/neked. ― I am afraid I cannot help you in this matter.

10. (mathematics) to converge, have limit at (-hoz/-hez/-höz or -ba/-be)

    A sorozat 0-hoz tart. ― The sequence converges to 0.

Conjugation

conjugation of tart

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	tartok	tartasz	tart	tartunk	tartotok	tartanak
		Def.	tartom	tartod	tartja	tartjuk	tartjátok	tartják
		2nd-p. o.	tartalak	―
	Past	Indef.	tartottam	tartottál	tartott	tartottunk	tartottatok	tartottak
		Def.	tartottam	tartottad	tartotta	tartottuk	tartottátok	tartották
		2nd-p. o.	tartottalak	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. tartani fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	tarték	tartál	tarta	tartánk	tartátok	tartának
		Def.	tartám	tartád	tartá	tartánk	tartátok	tarták
		2nd-p. o.	tartálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. tart vala, tartott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	tartandok	tartandasz	tartand	tartandunk	tartandotok	tartandanak
		Def.	tartandom	tartandod	tartandja	tartandjuk	tartandjátok	tartandják
		2nd-p. o.	tartandalak	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	tartanék	tartanál	tartana	tartanánk	tartanátok	tartanának
		Def.	tartanám	tartanád	tartaná	tartanánk (or tartanók)	tartanátok	tartanák
		2nd-p. o.	tartanálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. tartott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	tartsak	tarts or tartsál	tartson	tartsunk	tartsatok	tartsanak
		Def.	tartsam	tartsd or tartsad	tartsa	tartsuk	tartsátok	tartsák
		2nd-p. o.	tartsalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. tartott légyen
Infinitive	tartani		tartanom	tartanod	tartania	tartanunk	tartanotok	tartaniuk
Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
	tartás		tartó	tartott	tartandó	tartva (tartván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).

potential conjugation of tart

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	tarthatok	tarthatsz	tarthat	tarthatunk	tarthattok	tarthatnak
		Def.	tarthatom	tarthatod	tarthatja	tarthatjuk	tarthatjátok	tarthatják
		2nd-p. o.	tarthatlak	―
	Past	Indef.	tarthattam	tarthattál	tarthatott	tarthattunk	tarthattatok	tarthattak
		Def.	tarthattam	tarthattad	tarthatta	tarthattuk	tarthattátok	tarthatták
		2nd-p. o.	tarthattalak	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	tarthaték	tarthatál	tarthata	tarthatánk	tarthatátok	tarthatának
		Def.	tarthatám	tarthatád	tarthatá	tarthatánk	tarthatátok	tarthaták
		2nd-p. o.	tarthatálak	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. tarthat vala, tarthatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	tarthatandok or tartandhatok	tarthatandasz or tartandhatsz	tarthatand or tartandhat	tarthatandunk or tartandhatunk	tarthatandotok or tartandhattok	tarthatandanak or tartandhatnak
		Def.	tarthatandom or tartandhatom	tarthatandod or tartandhatod	tarthatandja or tartandhatja	tarthatandjuk or tartandhatjuk	tarthatandjátok or tartandhatjátok	tarthatandják or tartandhatják
		2nd-p. o.	tarthatandalak or tartandhatlak	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	tarthatnék	tarthatnál	tarthatna	tarthatnánk	tarthatnátok	tarthatnának
		Def.	tarthatnám	tarthatnád	tarthatná	tarthatnánk (or tarthatnók)	tarthatnátok	tarthatnák
		2nd-p. o.	tarthatnálak	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. tarthatott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	tarthassak	tarthass or tarthassál	tarthasson	tarthassunk	tarthassatok	tarthassanak
		Def.	tarthassam	tarthasd or tarthassad	tarthassa	tarthassuk	tarthassátok	tarthassák
		2nd-p. o.	tarthassalak	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. tarthatott légyen
Inf.	(tarthatni)		(tarthatnom)	(tarthatnod)	(tarthatnia)	(tarthatnunk)	(tarthatnotok)	(tarthatniuk)
Positive adjective			tartható	Neg. adj.	tarthatatlan	Adv. part.	(tarthatva / tarthatván)

Derived terms

• tartalék
• tartalom
• tartam
• tartály
• tartás
• tarthatatlan
• tartható
• tartogat
• tartomány
• tartó
• tartós

 

Compound words

• jóltart
• karbantart
• nyilvántart

 

(With verbal prefixes):

• áttart
• betart
• eltart
• előretart
• feltart
• fenntart
• idetart
• kitart
• megtart
• odatart
• összetart
• rátart
• széttart
• visszatart

Expressions

• becsben tart
• észben tart
• féken tart
• fogva tart
• lépést tart
• szemmel tart
• tartja a szavát
• titokban tart

 

Etymology 2

tar (“bald”) +‎ -t (accusative suffix)

Adjective

tart

1. accusative singular of tar

Further reading

• tart in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

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Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish tart, from Proto-Celtic *tartus, from Proto-Indo-European *térstus, from *ters- (“dry”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /t̪ˠɑɾˠt̪ˠ/
• IPA^(key): /t̪ˠaɾˠt̪ˠ/

Noun

tart m (genitive singular tarta)

1. thirst

   Tá tart orm. ― I am thirsty. (literally, “Thirst is on me.”)

   Chuir an liamhás tart air. ― The ham made him thirsty. (literally, “The ham put thirst on him.”)

Declension

Declension of tart

Third declension

Bare forms (no plural of this noun) Case Singular Nominative tart Vocative a thart Genitive tarta Dative tart

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an tart Genitive an tarta Dative leis an tart don tart

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
tart	thart	dtart
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tart”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “tart”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 722
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “tart”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, page 14

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Middle English

Etymology 1

From Old English teart, from Proto-Germanic *tartaz.

Alternative forms

• (Early ME) teart
• tarte, terte

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tart/
• IPA^(key): /tɛːrt/

Adjective

tart (rare)

1. Sour, tart; having much acidity.
2. (Early Middle English) Acute, keen; showing sharpness.

Descendants

• English: tart, teart
• Scots: tairt

References

• “tart, adj.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2018-12-25.

Etymology 2

Noun

tart

1. Alternative form of tarte

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Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Old Norse tartr. Doublet of tert.

Noun

tart m (definite singular tarten, indefinite plural tarter, definite plural tartene)

1. (zoology) a small salmon

   Synonym: svele

References

• “tart” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Anagrams

• ratt

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Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Old Norse tartr. Doublet of tert.

Noun

tart m (definite singular tarten, indefinite plural tartar, definite plural tartane)

1. (zoology) a small salmon

   Synonyms: silung, svelung, svele

References

• “tart” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Anagrams

• ratt

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Old French

Adjective

tart m (oblique and nominative feminine singular tarde)

1. late (after the end of a given period)

Adverb

tart

1. late (after the end of a given period)

Related terms

• tarder

Descendants

• French: tard

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Old Irish

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *tartus, from Proto-Indo-European *térstus, from *ters- (“dry”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tar͈t/

Noun

tart m (genitive tarta)

1. thirst

Inflection

Masculine u-stem
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	tart	tartL	tartae
Vocative	tart	tartL	tartu
Accusative	tartN	tartL	tartu
Genitive	tartoH, tartaH	tarto, tarta	tartaeN
Dative	tartL	tartaib	tartaib
Initial mutations of a following adjective: H = triggers aspiration L = triggers lenition N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: tart

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
tart	thart	tart pronounced with /d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tar͈d/

Verb

·tart

1. first-person singular present subjunctive perfective prototonic of do·beir

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
·tart	·thart	·tart pronounced with /-d(ʲ)-/
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “tart”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language

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Old Norse

Noun

tart

1. accusative singular indefinite of tartr m

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Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /tart/
• Rhymes: -art
• Syllabification: tart

Noun

tart

1. genitive plural of tarta