n'

See also: Appendix:Variations of "n"

English

Conjunction

n'

1. Nonstandard spelling of ’n’.

Asturian

Etymology

Contraction of the preposition en (“in”)

Preposition

n'

1. in

Usage notes

• The preposition en contracts to n’ before a word beginning with a vowel or h: n’Asturies (in Asturias), n’honor (in honor)

Related terms

• en

Catalan

Pronoun

n'

1. contraction of en

Usage notes

• n' is the elided (elida) form of the pronoun. It is used before verbs beginning with a vowel.

Declension

Catalan personal pronouns and clitics

			strong/subject	weak (direct object)		weak (indirect object)		possessive
				proclitic	enclitic	proclitic	enclitic
singular	1st person	standard	jo, mi3	em, m’	-me, ’m	em, m’	-me, ’m	meu
		majestic1	nós	ens	-nos, ’ns	ens	-nos, ’ns	nostre
	2nd person	standard	tu	et, t’	-te, ’t	et, t’	-te, ’t	teu
		formal1	vós	us	-vos, -us	us	-vos, -us	vostre
		very formal2	vostè	el, l’	-lo, ’l	li	-li	seu
	3rd person	m	ell	el, l’	-lo, ’l	li	-li	seu
		f	ella	la, l’4	-la	li	-li	seu
		n		ho	-ho	li	-li	seu
plural
	1st person		nosaltres	ens	-nos, ’ns	ens	-nos, ’ns	nostre
	2nd person	standard	vosaltres	us	-vos, -us	us	-vos, -us	vostre
		formal2	vostès	els	-los, ’ls	els	-los, ’ls	seu
	3rd person	m	ells	els	-los, ’ls	els	-los, ’ls	seu
		f	elles	les	-les	els	-los, ’ls	seu
3rd person reflexive			si	es, s’	-se, ’s	es, s’	-se, ’s	seu
adverbial	ablative/genitive			en, n’	-ne, ’n
	locative			hi	-hi

¹ Behaves grammatically as plural.   ² Behaves grammatically as third person.
³ Only as object of a preposition.   ⁴ Not before unstressed (h)i-, (h)u-.

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n‿/

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

Contraction

n'

1. Prevocalic form of ne.

Further reading

• “n'”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Italian

Adverb

n' (apocopated)

1. apocopic form of ne

Pronoun

n' (apocopated)

1. apocopic form of ne

Usage notes

• Rarely elides, except before essere, è, era etc. It sometimes elides before i or e, especially when following another unstressed pronoun.

See also

Italian personal pronouns

		singular						plural
		first	second	second formal / polite5	third			first	second	second formal / polite5	third
				m or f	m	f				m or f	m	f
nominative		io	tu	Lei, Ella8	lui, egli8, elli3, 8, esso8	lei, ella8, essa8		noi	voi, Voi7	Loro	loro
elli3, 8, ellino4, 8, eglino4, 8, essi8	elle3, 8, elleno4, 8, esse8
atonic (clitic)11	accusative / dative-reflexive	mi, m', -mi, me9	ti, t', -ti, te9	―	si6, s', -si, se9			ci, c', -ci, ce9	vi, Vi7, v', V'7, -vi, -Vi7, ve9	―	si, s', -si, se9
	accusative			La, -La, L'	lo, l', -lo, il4	la, l', -la				Le, -Le	li, -li	le, -le
	dative			Le, -Le	glie9					Loro10	loro10, gli2, -gli2, glie9
					gli, -gli	le, -le, gli2, -gli2
	locative	―			ci, c', vi1, v'1			―			ci, c', vi1, v'1
	partitive	ne, n'		ne, n'
tonic12	prepositional-reflexive	―			sé			―			sé
	oblique	me	te	Lei	lui, esso8	lei, essa8		noi	voi, Voi7	Loro	loro,
											essi8	elle8, esse8
1	Formal.
2	Informal.
3	Archaic.
4	Obsolete.
5	Grammatically third person forms used semantically in the second person as a formal or polite way of addressing someone (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead.
6	Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive.
7	Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous).
8	Traditional grammars still indicate the forms egli (animate), ella (animate), esso (inanimate), essa (inanimate), essi, esse as the nominative forms of the third person pronouns; outside of very formal or archaizing contexts, all such forms have been replaced by the obliques lui, lei, loro.
9	Forms used when followed by a third-person direct object proclitic (lo, la, li, le, or ne).
10	Used after verbs.
11	Unstressed forms, stand alone forms are found proclitically (except dative loro / Loro), others enclitically (-mi, -ti, etc.).
12	Disjunctive, emphatic oblique forms used as direct objects placed after verbs, in exclamations, along prepositions (prepositional) and some adverbs (come, quanto, etc.); also used with a to create alternative emphatic dative forms.

Ladin

Article

n' f

1. an, a

Synonyms

• na

See also

• n

Middle French

Adverb

n' (apocopate)

1. (before vowel sound) apocopic form of ne

Usage notes

• The apostrophe may be omitted in older manuscripts

  ilz nen parlerent ― they weren't speaking about it

Neapolitan

Article

n'

1. contraction of na
2. contraction of nu

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n‿/

Preposition

n’

1. alternative form of em (used before words beginning in a vowel, archaic except before a facultative contraction containing part of a proper name)

   Os trechos a seguir aparecem n'Os Lusíadas.

   The following excerpts appear in Os Lusíadas.

Saterland Frisian

Article

n'

1. alternative spelling of n

Spanish

Preposition

n’

1. (archaic, before vowels or h) alternative form of en

Tooro

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /n‿/

Conjunction

n'

1. (before a vowel) apocopic form of na