puna

Definition from Wiktionary, the free dictionary
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See also: Puna, puña, and puñá

English[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Spanish puna, from Quechua puna.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

puna (plural punas)

  1. An alpine biological community in the central portion of the Andes in which short, coarse grass supports a Native American population.
    • 2009, M. Hermann and T. Bernet, The transition of maca from neglect to market prominence, page 18:
      The overwhelming majority of maca roots are dried after harvest. In the cold, dry atmosphere of the puna the dried roots remain edible for several years. A minor proportion of the freshly harvested roots are roasted in huatias, earthen ovens […]

Derived terms[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Cavineña[edit]

Noun[edit]

puna

  1. root of epuna

References[edit]

  • Antoine Guillaume, A Grammar of Cavineña (2008, →ISBN

Esperanto[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From puni +‎ -a.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): [ˈpuna]
  • Rhymes: -una
  • Hyphenation: pu‧na

Adjective[edit]

puna (accusative singular punan, plural punaj, accusative plural punajn)

  1. Of or relating to punishment; punitive
    punaj metodoj; puna ekspedicio
    punitive methods, expedition

Estonian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Finnic *puna. Cognate to Finnish puna.

Noun[edit]

puna (genitive puna, partitive puna)

  1. the colour red

Declension[edit]

Inflection of puna (ÕS type 17/elu, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative puna punad
accusative puna punad
genitive puna punade
partitive puna punasid
illative punna
punasse 		punadesse
inessive punas punades
elative punast punadest
allative punale punadele
adessive punal punadel
ablative punalt punadelt
translative punaks punadeks
terminative punani punadeni
essive punana punadena
abessive punata punadeta
comitative punaga punadega

Derived terms[edit]

Finnish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Finnic *puna, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *puna (“color, hair”). Cognate with Erzya пона (pona, “hair”).

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈpunɑ/, [ˈpunɑ]
  • Rhymes: -unɑ
  • Syllabification(key): pu‧na

Noun[edit]

puna

  1. The color red.
    Synonym: ruso

Declension[edit]

Inflection of puna (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative puna punat
genitive punan punien
partitive punaa punia
illative punaan puniin
singular plural
nominative puna punat
accusative nom. puna punat
gen. punan
genitive punan punien
punainrare
partitive punaa punia
inessive punassa punissa
elative punasta punista
illative punaan puniin
adessive punalla punilla
ablative punalta punilta
allative punalle punille
essive punana punina
translative punaksi puniksi
instructive — punin
abessive punatta punitta
comitative — punineen
Possessive forms of puna (type koira)
possessor singular plural
1st person punani punamme
2nd person punasi punanne
3rd person punansa

Derived terms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

French[edit]

Noun[edit]

puna f (plural punas)

  1. puna

Further reading[edit]

Hawaiian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun[edit]

puna

  1. spring (water source)
  2. coral, lime, plaster
  3. spoon
    Aia i hea ke puna kāwili? ― Where is the stirring spoon?

Ingrian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Finnic *puna. Cognates include Finnish puna and Estonian puna.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

puna

  1. (in compounds) red

Declension[edit]

Declension of puna (type 3/kana, no gradation, gemination)
singular plural
nominative puna punat
genitive punan punnoin
partitive punnaa punoja
illative punnaa punnoi
inessive punas punois
elative punast punoist
allative punalle punoille
adessive punal punoil
ablative punalt punoilt
translative punaks punoiks
essive punanna, punnaan punoinna, punnoin
exessive1) punant punoint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 441

Pali[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Alternative forms

Particle[edit]

puna

  1. again

Portuguese[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Hyphenation: pu‧na

Verb[edit]

puna

  1. inflection of punir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Quechua[edit]

Not to be confused with phuña

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun[edit]

puna

  1. lofty region, elevated cold plains
  2. Andean altitude between 4,000m and 5,000m

Declension[edit]

declension of puna
singular plural
nominative puna punakuna
accusative punata punakunata
dative punaman punakunaman
genitive punap punakunap
locative punapi punakunapi
terminative punakama punakunakama
ablative punamanta punakunamanta
instrumental punawan punakunawan
comitative punantin punakunantin
abessive punannaq punakunannaq
comparative punahina punakunahina
causative punarayku punakunarayku
benefactive punapaq punakunapaq
associative punapura punakunapura
distributive punanka punakunanka
exclusive punalla punakunalla
possessive forms of puna
ñuqap - first-person singular
ñuqap (my) singular plural
nominative punay punaykuna
accusative punayta punaykunata
dative punayman punaykunaman
genitive punaypa punaykunap
locative punaypi punaykunapi
terminative punaykama punaykunakama
ablative punaymanta punaykunamanta
instrumental punaywan punaykunawan
comitative punaynintin punaykunantin
abessive punayninnaq punaykunannaq
comparative punayhina punaykunahina
causative punayrayku punaykunarayku
benefactive punaypaq punaykunapaq
associative punaypura punaykunapura
distributive punayninka punaykunanka
exclusive punaylla punaykunalla
qampa - second-person singular
qampa (your) singular plural
nominative punayki punaykikuna
accusative punaykita punaykikunata
dative punaykiman punaykikunaman
genitive punaykipa punaykikunap
locative punaykipi punaykikunapi
terminative punaykikama punaykikunakama
ablative punaykimanta punaykikunamanta
instrumental punaykiwan punaykikunawan
comitative punaykintin punaykikunantin
abessive punaykinnaq punaykikunannaq
comparative punaykihina punaykikunahina
causative punaykirayku punaykikunarayku
benefactive punaykipaq punaykikunapaq
associative punaykipura punaykikunapura
distributive punaykinka punaykikunanka
exclusive punaykilla punaykikunalla
paypa - third-person singular
paypa (his/her/its) singular plural
nominative punan punankuna
accusative punanta punankunata
dative punanman punankunaman
genitive punanpa punankunap
locative punanpi punankunapi
terminative punankama punankunakama
ablative punanmanta punankunamanta
instrumental punanwan punankunawan
comitative punanintin punankunantin
abessive punanninnaq punankunannaq
comparative punanhina punankunahina
causative punanrayku punankunarayku
benefactive punanpaq punankunapaq
associative punanpura punankunapura
distributive punaninka punankunanka
exclusive punanlla punankunalla
ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural
ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) singular plural
nominative punanchik punanchikkuna
accusative punanchikta punanchikkunata
dative punanchikman punanchikkunaman
genitive punanchikpa punanchikkunap
locative punanchikpi punanchikkunapi
terminative punanchikkama punanchikkunakama
ablative punanchikmanta punanchikkunamanta
instrumental punanchikwan punanchikkunawan
comitative punanchiknintin punanchikkunantin
abessive punanchikninnaq punanchikkunannaq
comparative punanchikhina punanchikkunahina
causative punanchikrayku punanchikkunarayku
benefactive punanchikpaq punanchikkunapaq
associative punanchikpura punanchikkunapura
distributive punanchikninka punanchikkunanka
exclusive punanchiklla punanchikkunalla
ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural
ñuqaykup (our(excl)) singular plural
nominative punayku punaykukuna
accusative punaykuta punaykukunata
dative punaykuman punaykukunaman
genitive punaykupa punaykukunap
locative punaykupi punaykukunapi
terminative punaykukama punaykukunakama
ablative punaykumanta punaykukunamanta
instrumental punaykuwan punaykukunawan
comitative punaykuntin punaykukunantin
abessive punaykunnaq punaykukunannaq
comparative punaykuhina punaykukunahina
causative punaykurayku punaykukunarayku
benefactive punaykupaq punaykukunapaq
associative punaykupura punaykukunapura
distributive punaykunka punaykukunanka
exclusive punaykulla punaykukunalla
qamkunap - second-person plural
qamkunap (your(pl)) singular plural
nominative punaykichik punaykichikkuna
accusative punaykichikta punaykichikkunata
dative punaykichikman punaykichikkunaman
genitive punaykichikpa punaykichikkunap
locative punaykichikpi punaykichikkunapi
terminative punaykichikkama punaykichikkunakama
ablative punaykichikmanta punaykichikkunamanta
instrumental punaykichikwan punaykichikkunawan
comitative punaykichiknintin punaykichikkunantin
abessive punaykichikninnaq punaykichikkunannaq
comparative punaykichikhina punaykichikkunahina
causative punaykichikrayku punaykichikkunarayku
benefactive punaykichikpaq punaykichikkunapaq
associative punaykichikpura punaykichikkunapura
distributive punaykichikninka punaykichikkunanka
exclusive punaykichiklla punaykichikkunalla
paykunap - third-person plural
paykunap (their) singular plural
nominative punanku punankukuna
accusative punankuta punankukunata
dative punankuman punankukunaman
genitive punankupa punankukunap
locative punankupi punankukunapi
terminative punankukama punankukunakama
ablative punankumanta punankukunamanta
instrumental punankuwan punankukunawan
comitative punankuntin punankukunantin
abessive punankunnaq punankukunannaq
comparative punankuhina punankukunahina
causative punankurayku punankukunarayku
benefactive punankupaq punankukunapaq
associative punankupura punankukunapura
distributive punankunka punankukunanka
exclusive punankulla punankukunalla

Descendants[edit]

  • → Spanish: puna
    • → English: puna

See also[edit]

Sakizaya[edit]

Noun[edit]

puna

  1. belly button

Serbo-Croatian[edit]

Adjective[edit]

puna

  1. inflection of pun:
    1. feminine nominative/vocative singular
    2. indefinite masculine/neuter genitive singular
    3. indefinite animate masculine accusative singular
    4. neuter nominative/accusative/vocative plural

Spanish[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈpuna/ [ˈpu.na]
  • Rhymes: -una
  • Hyphenation: pu‧na

Etymology 1[edit]

Borrowed from Quechua puna.

Noun[edit]

puna f (plural punas)

  1. (Latin America) puna, Andean plateau
  2. (Latin America) altitude sickness
  3. (Latin America) Cold mountain wind
Descendants[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb[edit]

puna

  1. inflection of punir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Further reading[edit]

Tagalog[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

  • pona – obsolete, Abecedario orthography

Pronunciation[edit]

  • Hyphenation: pu‧na
  • IPA(key): /puˈna/, [pʊˈna]

Noun[edit]

puná (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜈ)

  1. notice; observation; noticing
    Synonyms: obserbasyon, pansin, reparo
  2. remark; comment
    Synonyms: komentaryo, pansin
  3. adverse criticism; objection; criticism
    Synonyms: kritika, pintas, tutol

Derived terms[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Votic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Finnic *puna.

Pronunciation[edit]

  • (Luuditsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈpunɑ/, [ˈpunɑ]
  • Rhymes: -unɑ
  • Hyphenation: pu‧na

Noun[edit]

puna

  1. red (colour)

Inflection[edit]

Declension of puna (type V/poikõ, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative puna —
genitive puna —
partitive punna —
illative punna, punnasõ —
inessive punaz —
elative punassõ —
allative punalõ —
adessive punallõ —
ablative punaltõ —
translative punassi —
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

Derived terms[edit]

References[edit]

  • V. Hallap, E. Adler, S. Grünberg, M. Leppik (2012) Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language]‎[1], 2 edition, Tallinn

Warlpiri[edit]

Noun[edit]

puna

  1. ash
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