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U+534A, 半
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-534A

[U+5349]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+534B]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
0 strokes

Alternative forms[edit]

  • In Korean hanja, the upper component of the character is written in the form of .

Han character[edit]

(Kangxi radical 24, +3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 火手 (FQ), four-corner 90500, composition 𰀁(GHTJV) or 𰀁(K))

  1. Shuowen Jiezi radical №18

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 156, character 7
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2707
  • Dae Jaweon: page 354, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 46, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+534A

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character
Western Zhou
Bronze inscriptions

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意): (to divide) + (cow) – to cut a cow into two halves.

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *par. Related to (OC *baːns, “bank between fields”), which is an endopassive of (OC *paːns, “half”), lit. "be separated from".

Pronunciation[edit]


Note:
  • pòaⁿ - vernacular;
  • poàn - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

  • Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial () (1)
    Final () (62)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () I
    Fanqie
    Baxter panH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /puɑnH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /pʷɑnH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /puɑnH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /pwanH/
    Li
    Rong
    /puɑnH/
    Wang
    Li
    /puɑnH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /puɑnH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    bàn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    bun3
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    bàn
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ panH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*pˁan-s/
    English half

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 243
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*paːns/

    Definitions[edit]

    1. half
      全國人口全国人口  ―  quánguó rénkǒu de yībàn  ―  half of the national population
      [Cantonese]  ―  jat1 bong6 bun3 [Jyutping]  ―  1½ pounds
      十點十点 [Cantonese]  ―  sap6 dim2 bun3 [Jyutping]  ―  10:30
    2. very little
    3. halfway, partially, semi-
        ―  bàn zuì bàn xǐng  ―  partially in a stupor, partially awake
    4. (Hong Kong, informal, neologism) half past
      [Cantonese]  ―  gau2 bun3 [Jyutping]  ―  half past nine
    5. (informal, Canada, Quebec, real estate) half room, bathroom
      公寓  ―  sān ge bàn gōngyù  ―  a 3.5 apartment (an apartment unit with a kitchen, a bedroom and a living room, plus a bathroom)

    Usage notes[edit]

    (bàn) + classifier + noun indicate half of something, while number + classifier + (bàn) + noun means "and a half".

    麵包面包  ―  bàn kuài miànbāo  ―  half a loaf of bread
    麵包面包  ―  liǎng kuài bàn miànbāo  ―  two and a half loaves of bread

    Compounds[edit]

    Further reading[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Shinjitai
    Kyūjitai
    [1]

    半󠄁
    +&#xE0101;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
    半󠄃
    +&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji[edit]

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. half

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    (はん) (han

    1. odd (especially of dice)
      Antonyms: (ちょう) (chō, even)

    Prefix[edit]

    (はん) (han-

    1. half, semi-
      (はん)(とし)
      hantoshi
      semiannual
      (はん)(せい)()
      hanseiki
      semicentennial
    Antonyms

    Suffix[edit]

    (はん) (-han

    1. and a half
      (よん)(ばい)(はん)
      yon-bai han
      four and a half times
      ()(じゅう)()(ねん)(はん)
      nijūni-nen han
      twenty-two and a half years

    References[edit]

    1. ^ ”, in 漢字ぺディア (Kanjipedia)[1] (in Japanese), 日本漢字能力検定協会, 2015–2024

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology[edit]

    From Middle Chinese (MC panH). Recorded as Middle Korean (pan) (Yale: pan) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

    Pronunciation[edit]

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pa̠(ː)n]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun (ban ban))

    1. Hanja form? of (half).

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    : Hán Việt readings: bán ((bác)(mạn)(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5]
    : Nôm readings: bán[1][2][3][4][5][6], bớn[3][4][5][6], bướng[3][7], vắn[1], búng[2], bận[3], ban[3], bướn[5]

    1. chữ Hán form of bán (half).
    2. Nôm form of vắn (short, brief).
    3. Nôm form of bán (to sell).
    4. Nôm form of bớn.

    Compounds[edit]

    References[edit]