京

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Archived revision by 185.12.6.95 (talk) as of 02:27, 10 December 2019.
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See also: 亰

Template:character info/new

Translingual

Stroke order
8 strokes

Han character

京 (Kangxi radical 8, 亠+6, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜口火 (YRF), four-corner 00906, composition ⿳亠口小)

References

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 88, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 299
  • Dae Jaweon: page 187, character 11
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 284, character 6
  • Unihan data for U+4EAC

Chinese

simp. and trad.
 京
alternative forms 亰
Wikipedia has an article on:

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 京
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
j13492
j13493
j13494
j13495
j13496
j13497
j13498
j13499
j13500
j13501
j13502
j13503
j13504
j13505
j13506
j13507
j13508
b08306
b08307
b08308
b08309
b08310
b08311
b08312
b08313
b08314
b08315
b08316
b08317
b08318
b08319
b08320
b08321
b08322
b08323
b08324
s03835
Transcribed ancient scripts
L33123
L33124
L33125
L33126
L33127
L33128
L33129
L33130
L33131
L10565
L10566
L10567
L10568
L10569
L10570
L10571
L10572
L10573
L10574
L10575
L10576
L10577
L10578
L10579
L10580
L10581
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (京) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
涼 *ɡ·raŋ, *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raŋs
凉 *ɡ·raŋ
椋 *ɡ·raŋ
綡 *ɡ·raŋ
輬 *ɡ·raŋ
諒 *ɡ·raŋs
掠 *ɡ·raŋs, *ɡ·raɡ
弶 *ɡaŋs
京 *kraŋ
麖 *kraŋ
鶁 *kraŋ
景 *kraŋʔ
鯨 *ɡraŋ
黥 *ɡraŋ
勍 *ɡraŋ
剠 *ɡraŋ
倞 *ɡraŋs
影 *qraŋʔ
璟 *qraŋʔ, *kʷraŋʔ
憬 *kʷraŋʔ
暻 *kʷraŋʔ
澋 *ɡʷraːŋʔ

Etymology

Either from:

Pronunciation

Note:
  • kiaⁿ - vernacular;
  • keng - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 京
Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
Harbin /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
Tianjin /t͡ɕiŋ²¹/
Jinan /t͡ɕiŋ²¹³/
Qingdao /t͡ɕiŋ²¹³/
Zhengzhou /t͡ɕiŋ²⁴/
Xi'an /t͡ɕiŋ²¹/
Xining /t͡ɕiə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /t͡ɕĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /t͡ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
Chengdu /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
Guiyang /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
Kunming /t͡ɕĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /t͡ɕin³¹/
Hefei /t͡ɕin²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕiəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /t͡ɕiŋ¹³/
/t͡ɕi¹³/ ～陵城
Hohhot /t͡ɕĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /t͡ɕiŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /t͡ɕin⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /t͡ɕin³³/
Wenzhou /t͡ɕaŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /t͡ɕiʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /t͡ɕiɛ¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /t͡ɕin³³/
Xiangtan /t͡ɕin³³/
Gan Nanchang /t͡ɕin⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /kin⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /kin²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /keŋ⁵³/
Nanning /keŋ⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /kiŋ⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kiŋ⁵⁵/
/kiã⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kiŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /keiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /kiã³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /keŋ²³/
Rime
Character 京
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 庚 (111)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 舉卿切
Baxter kjaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/kˠiæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun 		/kᵚiaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen 		/kiaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/kiajŋ/
Li
Rong 		/kiɐŋ/
Wang
Li 		/kĭɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ki̯ɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		jīng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		ging1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 京
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		jīng
Middle
Chinese 		‹ kjæng ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[k]raŋ/
English hill; capital city

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 京
Reading # 1/1
No. 6828
Phonetic
component 		京
Rime
group 		陽
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		驚
Old
Chinese 		/*kraŋ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 京

  1. capital (city)
  2. Short for 北京 (Běijīng, “Beijing”). after 1949
  3. Short for 南京 (Nánjīng, “Nanjing”). during 1927 - 1948
  4. Short for 京都 (jīngdū, “Kyoto”). when referring Japan-related topics
  5. † artificial tall mound
  6. † large barn
  7. † large
  8. (obsolete) ten million, 107
  9. (obsolete) ten quadrillion, 1016
  10. (obsolete) septillion, 1024
  11. (obsolete) A hundred nonillion, 1032

Compounds

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See also

Chinese numerals
104 108 1012 1016 1020 1024 1028 1032 1036 1040 1044 1048
萬／万 (wàn) 億／亿 (yì) 兆 (zhào) (Taiwan) 京 (jīng) (Taiwan) 垓 (gāi) 秭 (zǐ) 穰 (ráng) 溝／沟 (gōu) 澗／涧 (jiàn) 正 (zhèng) 載／载 (zài) 極／极 (jí)
萬億／万亿 (wànyì)
(Mainland China) 		億億/亿亿
(Mainland China)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (京):

Japanese

Kanji

京

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. capital city
  2. ten quadrillion (short scale); ten thousand billion (long scale); 1016
  3. Tokyo
  4. Kyoto

Readings

Compounds

Template:mid2

Etymology 1

/kyau/ > /kyoː/.

Noun

京(きょう) • (kyō) ←きやう (kyau)?

  1. capital (city)
  2. (abbreviation) Tokyo (東京, Tōkyō)
  3. (abbreviation) Kyoto (京都, Kyōto)

Etymology 2

宮 (miya, “imperial palace”) +‎ 処 (ko, “place”).

Noun

京(みやこ) • (miyako) 

  1. the place where the emperor resides
  2. a city that acts as an economic and political center; capital
  3. metropolis

Etymology 3

Number

京 (けい, kei)

  1. 10,000,000,000,000,000, 1016, (US) ten quadrillion, (UK) ten thousand billion

See also

Japanese numerical compounds with 京(けい) (kei)
1016 2 × 1016 3 × 1016 4 × 1016 5 × 1016 6 × 1016 7 × 1016 8 × 1016 9 × 1016 1017 1018
一(いっ)京(けい) (ikkei) 二(に)京(けい) (nikei) 三(さん)京(けい) (sankei) 四(よん)京(けい) (yonkei) 五(ご)京(けい) (gokei) 六(ろっ)京(けい) (rokkei) 七(なな)京(けい) (nanakei) 八(はっ)京(けい) (hakkei) 九(きゅう)京(けい) (kyūkei) 十(じゅっ)京(けい) (jukkei) 百(ひゃっ)京(けい) (hyakkei)

Korean

Hanja

京 (eum 경 (gyeong))

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

See also

Vietnamese

Han character

京: Hán Nôm readings: kinh

  1. capital city
  2. Kinh ( Viet ) ethnic group
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