宿

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宿 U+5BBF, 宿
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5BBF
← 宾
[U+5BBE] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 寀 →
[U+5BC0]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

宿 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+8, 11 strokes, cangjie input 十人一日 (JOMA), four-corner 30261, composition ⿱宀佰)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 287, character 13
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7195
  • Dae Jaweon: page 568, character 21
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 938, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+5BBF

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 宿
alternative forms 㝛

Glyph origin[edit]

Characters in the same phonetic series (宿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
宿 *suɡs, *suɡ
蓿 *suɡ
縮 *sruɡ
樎 *sruɡ
蹜 *sruɡ
摍 *sruɡ

In the oracle bone script, an ideogrammic compound (會意): 人 (“person”) + [Term?] (“bamboo mat”) – a person resting on a mat. Sometimes a house (宀) was added.

Later the pictogram of the bamboo mat became 㐁 or 𠀬, and eventually came to be written 百.

Contrast 寒.

Etymology[edit]

“To stay overnight; lodge > night; mansion of the zodiac [i.e. the Sun's lodging stations]”
Probably related to Austroasiatic: cf. Old Khmer *ruk (“to take cover or shelter”) > Khmer ជ្រុក (cruk, “shelter; refuge”), Khmer ស្រុក (srok, “settlement; village”) (Schuessler, 2007). Benedict (1972) relates it to the Tibeto-Burman terms listed in the etymology of 夜 (OC *laːɡs, “night”), however the phonetics is difficult to reconcile in the current reconstructions.

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • sù - literary (all senses);
  • xiǔ - vernacular (classifier “night”).
  • Cantonese
  • Hakka
  • Min Bei
  • Min Dong
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • siok - literary;
    • sok - vernacular;
    • sek/siak - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 宿
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 屋 (4)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 息逐切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/sɨuk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/siuk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/siuk̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/suwk̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/siuk̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭuk̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/si̯uk̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		su
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		suk1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 宿
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		sù
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sjuwk ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s]uk/
    English spend the night

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 宿
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 12105
    Phonetic
    component         		宿
    Rime
    group         		覺
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		肅
    Old
    Chinese         		/*suɡ/

    Definitions[edit]

    宿

    1. to stay overnight; to lodge
    2. to reside; to live; to dwell
    3. lodge; lodging station; residence
    4. perching bird; resting bird
    5. to keep watch at night; to be on night duty
    6. night; nighttime
    7. Classifier for the number of nights: night
      借宿一宿  ―  jièsù yī xiǔ  ―  to stay for one night
    8. to be content with
    9. to stay; to stay behind; to delay; to stop over; to be stationed
    10. (from) last night; the previous night; overnight
    11. (from) last year; spanning two years
    12. the past; former times
    13. old; longstanding
    14. big; great; considerable
    15. old and experienced; skilful; master
    16. renowned person; someone of high standing
    17. Alternative form of 夙 (sù, “usually; normally”).
    18. predestined; preordained
      宿命  ―  sùmìng  ―  destiny [lit. predestined life]
    19. in advance; beforehand
    20. Alternative form of 肅／肃 (sù, “respectful; solemn”).
    21. Alternative form of 肅／肃 (sù, “to admonish; to warn”).
    22. Alternative form of 肅／肃 (sù, “to offer”).
    23. (～國) (historical) The name of an ancient state located in modern-day Dongping county in Shandong province.
    24. (～州) (historical) The name of an ancient prefecture during the Tang dynasty, located in modern-day Suzhou city in Anhui province.
    25. (～縣) (historical) The name of an abolished county, now the Suzhou city in Anhui province.
    26. Short for 宿州 (Sùzhōu, “Suzhou city in Anhui province”).
    27. a surname.

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 宿

    Pronunciation 2[edit]

    Rime
    Character 宿
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 心 (16)
    Final (韻) 尤 (136)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 息救切
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/sɨuH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/siuH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/siəuH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/suwH/
    Li
    Rong         		/siuH/
    Wang
    Li         		/sĭəuH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/si̯ə̯uH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		xiù
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		sau3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 宿
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		xiù
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ sjuwH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[s]uk-s/
    English "mansion" of the zodiac (where the moon is found on successive nights)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 宿
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 12104
    Phonetic
    component         		宿
    Rime
    group         		幽
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		秀
    Old
    Chinese         		/*suɡs/

    Definitions[edit]

    宿

    1. (archaic, Chinese astronomy) constellation; “mansion” of the zodiac

    Compounds[edit]

    Derived terms from 宿

    Pronunciation 3[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    宿

    1. Only used in 宿宿 (sùsù, “walking slowly in small steps”).

    Pronunciation 4[edit]

    Definitions[edit]

    宿

    1. † Alternative form of 戚 (Qī, “name of a county in the State of Wei”).

    References[edit]

    Japanese[edit]

    Kanji[edit]

    宿

    (grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    1. lodging, inn
    2. home

    Readings[edit]

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    宿
    やど
    Grade: 3
    kun’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 宿 – see the following entry.
    【やど】
    [noun] lodging, inn
    [noun] house, home
    (This term, 宿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 2[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    宿
    しゅく
    Grade: 3
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese 宿 (MC sɨuH, sɨuk̚).

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Noun[edit]

    宿(しゅく) • (shuku) ←しゆく (syuku)?

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Etymology 3[edit]

    Kanji in this term
    宿
    しゅく
    Grade: 3
    on’yomi
    For pronunciation and definitions of 宿 – see the following entry.
    【しゅく】
    [noun] (historical) shuku, a class of outcast in medieval and pre-modern Kinki region
    Alternative spellings
    夙, 宿, 守公, 守宮
    (This term, 宿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    References[edit]

    1. ^ 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean[edit]

    Etymology 1[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 宿 (MC sɨuk̚).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Hanja[edit]

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    宿 (eumhun 잘 숙 (jal suk))

    1. Hanja form? of 숙 (“sleep; lodging”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    Etymology 2[edit]

    From Middle Chinese 宿 (MC sɨuH).

    Historical readings

    Pronunciation[edit]

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [sʰu(ː)]
    • Phonetic hangul: [수(ː)]
      • Though still prescriptive in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja[edit]

    宿 (eumhun 별자리 수 (byeoljari su))

    1. Hanja form? of 수 (“(Chinese astronomy) constellation; “mansion” of the zodiac”).

    Compounds[edit]

    Compounds

    References[edit]

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

    Vietnamese[edit]

    Han character[edit]

    宿: Hán Nôm readings: túc, tú

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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