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From {{inh|ja|ojp|sort=かた|-}}. First cited in the ''{{w|Nihon Shoki}}'' of 720.<ref name="KDJ2">{{R:Nihon Kokugo Daijiten 2}}</ref> |
From {{inh|ja|ojp|sort=かた|-}}. First cited in the ''{{w|Nihon Shoki}}'' of 720.<ref name="KDJ2">{{R:Nihon Kokugo Daijiten 2}}</ref> |
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{{w|Alexander Vovin}} calls it "certainly a Korean loanword", from {{bor|ja|oko|一等|tr=*HAton|t=one}}.<ref name="AV">{{cite-book|author=Alexander Vovin|authorlink=Alexander Vovin|title=Koreo-Japonica: A Re-evaluation of a Genetic Origin|publisher=University of Hawaii Press|year=2010|isbn=978-0-8248-3278-0}}</ref> However that argument is made by straining the word first appeared in literature over 5 centuries later to the place of ancestor, note that this is far-fetched. |
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Japanese sources describe this as cognate with {{ja-r|方|かた|side, direction}}.<ref name="DJR">{{R:Daijirin}}</ref> But their accents are not accord; the compounds started with 片 show <LL-> accent in the Heian period, in contrast 方 has <HL> accent, thus it is unreasonable to expect a direct relationship between the two. Instead of that, {{ja-r|肩|かた|t=shoulder}} might be more likely, via its <LH> accent and their compounds as a pair of homonym {{ja-r|傾げる|かたげる|t=to tilt, to incline}} / {{ja-r|担げる|かたげる|t=to carry on shoulder}}. And also accent comparison might support this word belongs to verb root {{ja-r|勝つ|かつ|to win; to tend to}} or {{ja-r|搗つ|かつ|to pound}} (both have <L-> accent), accompanied by an adverb {{ja-r|且つ|かつ|besides; moreover; also; and}} which has <LF> accent. |
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===Pronunciation=== |
===Pronunciation=== |
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Revision as of 00:04, 15 November 2022
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Translingual
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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Han character
片 (Kangxi radical 91, 片+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 中中一中 (LLML) or 中中一弓 (LLMN), four-corner 22027, composition ⿰丿⿱丄𠃍)
- Kangxi radical #91, ⽚.
Derived characters
- Appendix:Chinese radical/片
- 𠯯, 𫭡, 𭖎, 扸, 沜, 𭤬, 㭊, 𤕰, 䏒, 𤰽, 𭽌, 𥞄, 𥩜, 𥸺, 𧈼, 𧦓, 𨐏, 𣶁, 𬫄, 𩢝, 𧌨, 魸
- 𠛁, 𢦤, 𣂔, 㲏, 覑, 𧣉, 𬷃, 𪚖, 𡵫, 𩂌, 𨳭
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 692, character 36
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 19813
- Dae Jaweon: page 1105, character 25
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2014, character 1
- Unihan data for U+7247
Chinese
| trad. | 片 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. # | 片 | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 片 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
|
Mirror image of 爿 (OC *braːn, “piece”).
Shuowen: Half of 木 (“wood; tree”) to denote “to pare; to slice”.
Pronunciation
Definitions
- thin piece; flake; slice
- 片子 ― piànzi ― flake, small piece
- film; TV play; photograph; record
- (Cantonese) Short for 影片 (yǐngpiàn, “video”). (Classifier: 條／条 c)
- (Cantonese, specifically) film; movie (Classifier: 套)
- (medicine) tablet
- (dialectal) Short for 尿片 (niàopiàn).
- part of a place; area
- (linguistics) subgroup; subdivision of a language
- to slice; to carve thin
- partial; incomplete; one-sided
- 片面 ― piànmiàn ― unilateral, one-sided
- Classifier for slices.
- Classifier for flat objects such as leaves and pieces of paper.
- Classifier for small nonspherical medicinal objects such as pills, tablets.
- Classifier for tracts of land and areas of water.
- Classifier for CDs, movies and DVDs.
- (used with numeral 一) Classifier for scenarios, scenes, feelings, atmospheres, sounds, clouds.
- (Teochew) Classifier for doors and windows.
- (Hakka, Teochew) side
Synonyms
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 視頻 Mainland China, 影片 Taiwan | |
| Mandarin | Taiwan | 影片 |
| Cantonese | Hong Kong | 影片, 片 |
| Zhongshan Min | Shaxi (Longdu) | 視頻 |
Compounds
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Descendants
- → Proto-Southwestern Tai: *pʰɛːnᴮ¹
References
- “片”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- “Entry #1225”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese
Kanji
片
Readings
Derived terms
Etymology
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 片 |
| かた Grade: 6 |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. First cited in the Nihon Shoki of 720.[1]
Alexander Vovin calls it "certainly a Korean loanword", from Old Korean 一等 (*HAton, “one”).[2] However that argument is made by straining the word first appeared in literature over 5 centuries later to the place of ancestor, note that this is far-fetched.
Japanese sources describe this as cognate with 方 (kata, “side, direction”).[3] But their accents are not accord; the compounds started with 片 show <LL-> accent in the Heian period, in contrast 方 has <HL> accent, thus it is unreasonable to expect a direct relationship between the two. Instead of that, 肩 (kata, “shoulder”) might be more likely, via its <LH> accent and their compounds as a pair of homonym 傾げる (katageru, “to tilt, to incline”) / 担げる (katageru, “to carry on shoulder”). And also accent comparison might support this word belongs to verb root 勝つ (katsu, “to win; to tend to”) or 搗つ (katsu, “to pound”) (both have <L-> accent), accompanied by an adverb 且つ (katsu, “besides; moreover; also; and”) which has <LF> accent.
Pronunciation
Noun
Prefix
- [from 720] (prefixed to a noun) one side or part of a pair or larger set
- 片手、片身
- katate, katami
- one hand, one half of the body
- 片手、片身
- [from 720] (prefixed to a noun or verb) one-sided
- 片思い、傾ける
- kataomoi, katamukeru
- one-sided thoughts / unrequited affection (as between two people), to lean to one side
- 片思い、傾ける
- [from 720] (prefixed to a noun or verb) incomplete, partial, small
- 片山、片時、片笑む
- katayama, katatoki, kataemu
- a small mountain, a short time, to smile slightly
- 片山、片時、片笑む
- [from 720] (prefixed to a noun) leaning or trending that way (emphasizing the quality of the prefixed noun)
- 片田舎
- katainaka
- the remote countryside
- 片田舎
- [from 720] (prefixed to a verb, archaic) frequently, intently, earnestly
- 片設く
- katamaku
- to focus intently on doing one thing
- 片設く
References
- ^ “片”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
- ^ Alexander Vovin (2010) Koreo-Japonica: A Re-evaluation of a Genetic Origin, University of Hawaii Press, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
Compounds
Compounds
- 아편 (阿片, apyeon)
- 일편단심 (一片丹心, ilpyeondansim)
- 편각 (片刻, pyeon'gak)
- 편육 (片肉, pyeonyuk)
- 편지 (片紙, pyeonji)
- 편저 (片楮, pyeonjeo)
- 파편 (破片, papyeon)
- 화편 (花片, hwapyeon)
- 편도 (片道, pyeondo)
- 편시 (片時, pyeonsi)
- 빙편 (氷片, bingpyeon)
- 편련 (片戀, pyeollyeon)
- 단편 (斷片, danpyeon)
- 편리 (片理, pyeolli)
- 파편폭탄 (破片爆彈), papyeonpoktan)
- 박편 (薄片, bakpyeon)
- 가편 (歌片, gapyeon)
- 과편 (過片, gwapyeon)
- 명편 (名片, myeongpyeon)
- 목편 (木片, mokpyeon)
- 와편 (瓦片, wapyeon)
- 석편 (石片, seokpyeon)
- 편편금 (片片金, pyeonpyeon'geum)
- 편무 (片務, pyeonmu)
- 편마암 (片麻巖, pyeonmaam)
- 설편 (雪片, seolpyeon)
- 엽편 (葉片, yeop'pyeon)
- 철편 (鐵片, cheolpyeon)
- 편편 (片片, pyeonpyeon)
- 편리 (片利, pyeolli)
- 금속편 (金屬片, geumsokpyeon)
- 강편 (鋼片, gangpyeon)
- 은편 (銀片, eunpyeon)
- 녹편 (錄片, nokpyeon)
- 동편 (銅片, dongpyeon)
- 기편 (器片, gipyeon)
- 우편 (羽片, upyeon)
- 잔편 (殘片, janpyeon)
- 편정 (片釘, pyeonjeong)
- 골편 (骨片, golpyeon)
- 세편 (細片, sepyeon)
- 양편 (陽片, yangpyeon)
- 일편 (一片, ilpyeon)
- 음편 (陰片, eumpyeon)
- 편문 (片聞, pyeonmun)
- 편수 (片手, pyeonsu)
- 편심 (片心, pyeonsim)
- 편언 (片言, pyeoneon)
- 편족 (片足, pyeonjok)
- 편뇌 (片腦, pyeonnoe)
- 편고 (片孤, pyeon'go)
- 편영 (片影, pyeonyeong)
- 편간 (片簡, pyeon'gan)
Vietnamese
Han character
片: Hán Nôm readings: phiến, phiện, phim
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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