姦

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See also: 奸 and 姧
姦 U+59E6, 姦
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-59E6
← 姥
[U+59E5] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 姧 →
[U+59E7]

Translingual[edit]

Han character[edit]

姦 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 女女女 (VVV), four-corner 40444, composition ⿱女奻)

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 260, character 10
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6217
  • Dae Jaweon: page 526, character 9
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1048, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+59E6

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 姦
Shang Western Zhou Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (姦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
姦 *kraːn
葌 *kraːn

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : Triplication of 女 (“woman”).

Etymology 1[edit]

trad. 姦
simp. 奸*

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • 1ke - vernacular;
  • 1ji - literary.
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 姦
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡ɕian⁵⁵/
    Harbin /t͡ɕian⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /t͡ɕian²¹/
    Jinan /t͡ɕiã²¹³/
    Qingdao /t͡ɕiã²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /t͡ɕian²⁴/
    Xi'an /t͡ɕiã²¹/
    Xining /t͡ɕiã⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /t͡ɕian⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /t͡ɕiɛ̃n³¹/
    Ürümqi /t͡ɕian⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /t͡ɕiɛn⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /t͡ɕian⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /t͡ɕian⁵⁵/
    Kunming /t͡ɕiɛ̃⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /t͡ɕien³¹/
    Hefei /t͡ɕiĩ²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡ɕie¹¹/
    Pingyao /t͡ɕiɑŋ¹³/
    Hohhot /t͡ɕie³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /ke⁵³/
    Suzhou /t͡ɕiɪ⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /t͡ɕiẽ̞³³/
    Wenzhou /ka³³/
    Hui Shexian /t͡ɕie³¹/
    /kɛ³¹/
    Tunxi /kɔ¹¹/ 強～
    /t͡siɛ¹¹/ ～賊
    Xiang Changsha /kan³³/
    Xiangtan /kan³³/
    Gan Nanchang /kan⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /kian⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /kien²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /kan⁵³/
    Nanning /kan⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /kan⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /kan⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /kaŋ⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /kaiŋ⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /kaŋ³³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /kaŋ²³/
    Rime
    Character 姦
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 見 (28)
    Final (韻) 刪 (69)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) II
    Fanqie 古顔切
    Baxter kaen
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/kˠan/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/kᵚan/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/kɐn/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/kaɨn/
    Li
    Rong         		/kan/
    Wang
    Li         		/kan/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/kan/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		jiān
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		gaan1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 姦
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		jiān
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ kæn ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[k]ˁran/
    English wicked(ness)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 姦
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 6027
    Phonetic
    component         		姦
    Rime
    group         		元
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		姦
    Old
    Chinese         		/*kraːn/

    Definitions[edit]

    姦

    1. evil; wicked; treacherous
    2. evildoer; treacherous person
      姦人／奸人  ―  jiānrén  ―  bad person, evildoer
    3. to stage an armed rebellion or to steal
    4. traitor; betrayer
    5. to commit adultery
      通姦／通奸  ―  tōngjiān  ―  to commit adultery
    6. extramarital affair; adultery
    7. to rape
      強姦／强奸  ―  qiángjiān  ―  to rape

    Compounds[edit]

    Etymology 2[edit]

    trad. 姦
    simp. 奸*
    alternative forms 幹／干
    諫／谏

    Pronunciation[edit]

    Note:
    • kán - monosyllable interjection;
    • kàn - other usage.

      Definitions[edit]

      姦

      1. (Hokkien, vulgar) to fuck
      2. (Mainland China Hokkien, vulgar) to swear; to curse
      3. (Taiwanese Hokkien, vulgar) an interjection used to express one's anger: fuck!
      4. (Singapore Hokkien, slang, vulgar) to scold
        伊著姦。／伊著奸。 [Hokkien]  ―  I tio̍h kàn. [Pe̍h-ōe-jī]  ―  They got scolded.

      Synonyms[edit]

      Dialectal synonyms of 肏 (“to fuck; to have sex with”) [map]
      Variety Location Words
      Mandarin Beijing 肏1, 日, 弄
      Taiwan 幹, 肏1
      Harbin 肏1
      Shenyang 肏1
      Yantai (Muping) 肏1
      Jinan 肏1
      Luoyang 日, 尻
      Wanrong 日
      Xi'an 窄, 失
      Yinchuan 日
      Lanzhou 日
      Xining 日
      Ürümqi 日
      Wuhan 日, 搞
      Chengdu 日
      Guiyang 日, 肏1
      Kunming 日
      Guilin 屌, 肏1
      Liuzhou 屌, 肏1
      Xuzhou 日, 尻, 操, 肏1
      Yangzhou 入
      Nanjing 日, 操
      Hefei 弄
      Malaysia 幹
      Singapore 幹
      Cantonese Guangzhou 屌
      Hong Kong 屌
      Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 屌
      Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 屌
      Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 屌
      Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 屌
      Macau 屌
      Guangzhou (Panyu) 屌
      Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 屌
      Guangzhou (Conghua) 屌
      Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 屌
      Foshan 屌
      Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 屌
      Foshan (Shunde) 屌
      Foshan (Sanshui) 屌
      Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 屌
      Zhongshan (Shiqi) 屌
      Zhuhai (Qianshan) 屌
      Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 屌
      Zhuhai (Doumen) 屌
      Jiangmen (Baisha) 屌
      Jiangmen (Xinhui) 屌
      Taishan 屌
      Kaiping (Chikan) 屌
      Enping (Niujiang) 屌
      Heshan (Yayao) 屌
      Dongguan 屌
      Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 屌
      Qingyuan 屌
      Fogang 屌
      Yingde (Hanguang) 屌
      Yangshan 屌
      Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui) 屌
      Shaoguan 屌
      Shaoguan (Qujiang) 屌
      Renhua 屌
      Lechang 屌
      Zhaoqing (Gaoyao) 屌
      Sihui 屌
      Guangning 屌
      Deqing 屌
      Huaiji 屌
      Fengkai (Nanfeng) 屌
      Yunfu 屌
      Xinxing 屌
      Luoding 屌
      Yunan (Pingtai) 屌
      Yangjiang 屌
      Xinyi 屌
      Lianjiang 屌
      Beihai 屌
      Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 屌
      Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 屌
      Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 屌
      Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 屌
      Penang (Guangfu) 屌
      Singapore (Guangfu) 屌
      Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 屌
      Móng Cái 屌
      Gan Nanchang 戳
      Lichuan 戳
      Pingxiang 戳
      Hakka Meixian 屌
      Dabu (Xihe) 屌
      Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 屌
      Huidong (Daling) 屌
      Dongguan (Qingxi) 屌
      Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 屌
      Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 屌
      Wuhua (Huacheng) 屌
      Heyuan (Bendihua) 屌
      Wengyuan 屌
      Shaoguan (Qujiang) 屌
      Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 屌
      Liannan 屌
      Conghua (Lütian) 屌
      Jiexi 屌
      Changting 屌
      Wuping 屌
      Wuping (Yanqian) 屌
      Wuping (Pingyu) 屌
      Liancheng 屌
      Ninghua 屌
      Yudu 屌, 戳
      Ningdu 屌
      Ruijin 屌
      Shicheng 屌
      Shangyou (Shexi) 屌
      Tonggu (Sandu) 屌, 戳
      Ganzhou (Panlong) 屌
      Dayu 屌
      Miaoli (N. Sixian) 屌
      Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 屌
      Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 屌
      Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 屌
      Hong Kong 屌
      Yangxi (Tangkou) 屌
      Yangchun (Sanjia) 屌
      Xinyi (Sihe) 屌
      Xinyi (Qianpai) 屌
      Gaozhou (Xindong) 屌
      Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 屌
      Huazhou (Xin'an) 屌
      Lianjiang (Shijiao) 屌
      Lianjiang (Qingping) 屌
      Mengshan (Xihe) 屌
      Luchuan 屌
      Sabah (Longchuan) 屌
      Kuala Lumpur (Dabu) 屌
      Jin Taiyuan 透, 肏1, 日
      Xinzhou 透, 日
      Linhe 透
      Jining 透
      Hohhot 透
      Baotou 透
      Northern Min Jian'ou 饁
      Eastern Min Fuzhou 𠚺
      Changle 𠚺
      Fuqing 𠚺
      Gutian 𠚺
      Fu'an 操
      Ningde 操
      Shouning 戳
      Zhouning 戳
      Fuding 操
      Southern Min Xiamen 姦
      Xiamen (Tong'an) 箍
      Quanzhou 使, 獛
      Jinjiang 使
      Nan'an 使
      Hui'an 使
      Anxi 使
      Yongchun 使
      Dehua 使
      Zhangzhou 姦, 躄
      Taipei 姦
      Kaohsiung 姦
      Yilan 姦
      Taichung 姦
      Tainan 姦
      Taitung 姦
      Penang (Hokkien) 姦
      Singapore (Hokkien) 姦, 使
      Manila (Hokkien) 使
      Chaozhou 甫
      Shantou 甫
      Shantou (Chenghai) 甫
      Shantou (Chaoyang) 甫
      Jieyang 甫
      Lufeng 甫
      Haifeng 甫
      Johor Bahru (Teochew) 甫
      Singapore (Teochew) 甫
      Leizhou 肏4
      Wenchang 肏4
      Haikou 肏4
      Puxian Min Putian 騷
      Xianyou 騷
      Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 屌
      Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 屌
      Wu Shanghai 戳
      Shanghai (Chongming) 戳
      Suzhou 戳
      Haining (Yanguan) 戳
      Danyang 肏5
      Ningbo 嬉
      Wenzhou 裝
      Jinhua 弄, 入
      Xiang Changsha 肏3
      Loudi 肏3
      Shuangfeng 肏3
      • (word to express one's anger): 肏 (cào)
      Dialectal synonyms of 罵 (“to scold”) [map]
      Variety Location Words
      Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 罵
      Mandarin Beijing 罵, 啳
      Taiwan 罵
      Jinan 罵, 啳
      Xi'an 罵, 噘
      Wuhan 罵, 通
      Chengdu 罵
      Guilin 罵
      Yangzhou 罵
      Hefei 抽, 噘
      Malaysia 罵
      Singapore 罵
      Cantonese Guangzhou 鬧, 插, 屌 vulgar
      Hong Kong 鬧, 插, 屌 vulgar
      Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 鬧
      Macau 鬧
      Guangzhou (Panyu) 鬧
      Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 鬧
      Guangzhou (Conghua) 鬧
      Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 怒
      Foshan 鬧
      Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 嗌
      Foshan (Shunde) 鬧
      Foshan (Sanshui) 鬧
      Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 鬧
      Zhongshan (Shiqi) 鬧
      Zhuhai (Qianshan) 鬧
      Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 鬧
      Zhuhai (Doumen) 鬧
      Jiangmen (Baisha) 鬧
      Jiangmen (Xinhui) 鬧
      Taishan 鬧
      Kaiping (Chikan) 鬧
      Enping (Niujiang) 鬧
      Heshan (Yayao) 鬧
      Dongguan 鬧
      Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 鬧
      Yangjiang 數
      Beihai 嬲
      Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô) 嬲
      Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà) 嬲
      Fangchenggang (Fangcheng) 嬲
      Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 鬧
      Singapore (Guangfu) 鬧
      Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu) 鬧
      Móng Cái 嬲
      Gan Nanchang 罵
      Hakka Meixian 罵
      Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 鬧
      Dongguan (Qingxi) 罵
      Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 罵
      Miaoli (N. Sixian) 罵
      Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 罵
      Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 罵
      Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 罵
      Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 罵
      Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 罵
      Singapore (Dabu) 罵
      Jin Taiyuan 罵
      Northern Min Jian'ou 罵, 詈
      Eastern Min Fuzhou 罵, 嚗
      Southern Min Xiamen 罵, 詈
      Quanzhou 罵, 詈
      Jinjiang 罵
      Zhangzhou 罵, 詈
      Zhao'an 罵
      Taipei 罵
      New Taipei (Sanxia) 罵
      Kaohsiung 罵
      Yilan 罵
      Changhua (Lukang) 罵
      Taichung 罵
      Tainan 罵
      Hsinchu 罵
      Kinmen 罵
      Penghu (Magong) 罵
      Penang (Hokkien) 罵
      Singapore (Hokkien) 罵, 姦 vulgar
      Manila (Hokkien) 罵, 𧮙
      Chaozhou 罵
      Shantou 罵
      Shantou (Chaoyang) 罵
      Jieyang 罵
      Singapore (Teochew) 罵
      Wenchang 罵
      Singapore (Hainanese) 罵
      Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 罵
      Wu Suzhou 罵
      Ningbo 𧮙
      Wenzhou 𧮙, 謴
      Xiang Changsha 罵, 咒, 反
      Shuangfeng 咒, 罵

      Compounds[edit]

      Japanese[edit]

      Alternative forms[edit]

      Kanji[edit]

      姦

      (uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

      1. wicked
      2. mischief
      3. seduce
      4. rape
      5. noisy

      Readings[edit]

      Compounds[edit]

      Compounds


      Kanji in this term
      姦
      かん
      Hyōgaiji
      on’yomi

      Etymology[edit]

      From Middle Chinese 姦 (kˠan).

      Pronunciation[edit]

      Adjective[edit]

      姦(かん) • (kan) -na (adnominal 姦(かん)な (kan na), adverbial 姦(かん)に (kan ni))

      1. wicked

      Inflection[edit]

      Inflection of 姦
      Stem forms
      Imperfective (未然形) 姦だろ かんだろ kan daro
      Continuative (連用形) 姦で かんで kan de
      Terminal (終止形) 姦だ かんだ kan da
      Attributive (連体形) 姦な かんな kan na
      Hypothetical (仮定形) 姦なら かんなら kan nara
      Imperative (命令形) 姦であれ かんであれ kan de are
      Key constructions
      Informal negative 姦ではない
      姦じゃない             		かんではない
      かんじゃない             		kan de wa nai
      kan ja nai
      Informal past 姦だった かんだった kan datta
      Informal negative past 姦ではなかった
      姦じゃなかった             		かんではなかった
      かんじゃなかった             		kan de wa nakatta
      kan ja nakatta
      Formal 姦です かんです kan desu
      Formal negative 姦ではありません
      姦じゃありません             		かんではありません
      かんじゃありません             		kan de wa arimasen
      kan ja arimasen
      Formal past 姦でした かんでした kan deshita
      Formal negative past 姦ではありませんでした
      姦じゃありませんでした             		かんではありませんでした
      かんじゃありませんでした             		kan de wa arimasen deshita
      kan ja arimasen deshita
      Conjunctive 姦で かんで kan de
      Conditional 姦なら（ば） かんなら（ば） kan nara (ba)
      Provisional 姦だったら かんだったら kan dattara
      Volitional 姦だろう かんだろう kan darō
      Adverbial 姦に かんに kan ni
      Degree 姦さ かんさ kansa

      Noun[edit]

      姦(かん) • (kan) 

      1. wickedness, wicked person

      References[edit]

      1. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
      2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN

      Korean[edit]

      Etymology[edit]

      From Middle Chinese 姦 (MC kaen). Recorded as Middle Korean 간 (kan) (Yale: kan) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.

      Pronunciation[edit]

      • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [ka̠(ː)n]
      • Phonetic hangul: [간(ː)]
        • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

      Hanja[edit]

      Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

      Wikisource

      姦 (eumhun 간음할 간 (ganeumhal gan))

      1. Hanja form? of 간 (“evil; wicked; treacherous”).
      2. Hanja form? of 간 (“to rape; to fornicate”).

      Compounds[edit]

      Compounds

      References[edit]

      • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [1]

      Vietnamese[edit]

      Han character[edit]

      姦: Hán Nôm readings: gian

      1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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