汗

Translingual

Han character

汗 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+3, 6 strokes, cangjie input 水一十 (EMJ), four-corner 3114₀, composition ⿰氵干)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 605, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17130
• Dae Jaweon: page 999, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1550, character 6
• Unihan data for U+6C57

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		汗

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (干) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
訐	*krads, *krads, *ked, *kad
肝	*kaːn
竿	*kaːn
干	*kaːn
奸	*kaːn
玕	*kaːn
汗	*kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns
迀	*kaːn
忓	*kaːn, *ɡaːns
鳱	*kaːn
邗	*kaːn, *ɡaːn
秆	*kaːnʔ
矸	*kaːnʔ, *kaːns, *ɡaːns
仠	*kaːnʔ
皯	*kaːnʔ
衦	*kaːnʔ
簳	*kaːnʔ
擀	*kaːnʔ
旰	*kaːns
盰	*kaːns
幹	*kaːns
杆	*kaːns
骭	*kaːns, *ɡraːns
桿	*kaːnʔ
趕	*kaːnʔ
稈	*kaːnʔ
刊	*kʰaːn
靬	*kʰaːn, *kʰaːns, *kreːn, *kan
衎	*kʰaːnʔ, *kʰaːns
犴	*ŋaːn, *ŋaːns
豻	*ŋaːn, *ŋaːns, *ɦŋaːns, *ŋ̊ʰraːn
頇	*ŋaːns, *hŋaːn, *ŋaːd
岸	*ŋɡaːns
鼾	*qʰaːn, *ɢaːns
罕	*qʰaːnʔ, *qʰaːns
焊	*qʰaːnʔ, *ɡaːns
蔊	*qʰaːnʔ
虷	*ɡaːn
旱	*ɡaːnʔ
皔	*ɡaːnʔ
釬	*ɡaːns
扞	*ɡaːns
閈	*ɡaːns
馯	*ɡaːns, *kʰraːn
捍	*ɡaːns, *ɡraːnʔ
悍	*ɡaːns
銲	*ɡaːns
垾	*ɡaːns
駻	*ɡaːns
睅	*ɡʷranʔ
娨	*ɡraːns
飦	*kan
赶	*ɡan, *ɡʷad
軒	*qʰan
蓒	*qʰan
酐	*qʰaːŋʔ
澣	*ɡʷaːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kaːn, *ɡaːn, *ɡaːns) : semantic 水 + phonetic 干 (OC *kaːn).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-(k/ŋ)rul (“sweat”). Compare Tibetan རྔུལ (rngul, “sweat”).

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 汗

1. sweat; perspiration (Classifier: 滴)

   我正流著汗。／我正流着汗。  ―  Wǒ zhèng liú zhe hàn.  ―  I'm dripping with sweat.

   出了一頭大汗／出了一头大汗  ―  chū le yī tóu dà hàn  ―  to sweat so much that the head is drenched

   • 他去跑步流了一身汗。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]

     Tā qù pǎobù liú le yī shēn hàn. [Pinyin]

     He is drenched in sweat after running.

2. (literary) to sweat; to perspire
3. (literary) condensation on bamboo when put over fire
4. (Internet slang) Word used to express embarrassment, speechlessness or helplessness.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): hán (han²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄏㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hon⁴
• Eastern Min (BUC): háng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hang⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: hán
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: hán
    • Wade–Giles: han²
    • Yale: hán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: harn
    • Palladius: хань (xanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hon⁴
    • Yale: hòhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hon⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: hon⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɔːn²¹/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: háng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hɑŋ²¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hân
    • Tâi-lô: hân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: haan
    • IPA (Xiamen): /han²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /han²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /han¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /han²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /han²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /haŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: han

Rime
Character	汗
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	胡安切
Baxter	han
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦan/
Li Rong	/ɣɑn/
Wang Li	/ɣɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɣɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	hán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hon4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡaːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	汗
Reading #	2/3
No.	3612
Phonetic component	干
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	寒
Old Chinese	/*ɡaːn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 汗

1. Short for 可汗 (kèhán).

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): gān (gan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄢ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: gān
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: gan
    • Wade–Giles: kan¹
    • Yale: gān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gan
    • Palladius: гань (ganʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kän⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: kan

Rime
Character	汗
Reading #	2/3
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	古寒切
Baxter	kan
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/kɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/kɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kan/
Li Rong	/kɑn/
Wang Li	/kɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/kɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	gān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gon1

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kaːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	汗
Reading #	1/3
No.	3573
Phonetic component	干
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	干
Old Chinese	/*kaːn/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 汗

1. Only used in 餘汗／馀汗.

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

汗

(Jōyō kanji)

1. sweat

Readings

• Go-on: がん (gan)
• Kan-on: かん (kan, Jōyō)
• Kun: あせ (ase, 汗, Jōyō)

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• • (Kyoto) あせ [àséꜜ]

Noun

汗(あせ) • (ase) 

1. sweat

Derived terms

• 汗(あせ)をかく (ase o kaku)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
汗
かん Grade: S
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 汗 (MC han|kan|hanH).

Affix

汗(かん) • (kan) 

1. sweat

Noun

汗(かん) • (kan) 

1. Synonym of ハン (han): khan

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Korean

Hanja

汗 (eum 한 (han))

1. (땀 한, ttam-): sweat
2. (물 질펀할 한, mul-jilpeonhal-): flood
3. (되 임금 한, doe-imgeum-): khan

Synonyms

• 單 (선, seon) Xiongnu king
• 單于 (선우, seon-u) Xiongnu king

Compounds

• 可汗 (가한, gahan) khagan, khan of khans

See also

• 干 (간, gan) (translingual) dry

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Okinawan

Kanji

汗

(Jōyō kanji)

Readings

• Kun: あし (ashi, 汗)

Noun

汗 (hiragana あし, romaji ashi)

1. sweat

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Vietnamese

Han character

汗: Hán Nôm readings: cạn, hãn, khan

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.