防

防 U+9632, 防 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9632 ← 阱 [U+9631] CJK Unified Ideographs 阳 → [U+9633]

Translingual

Han character

防 (Kangxi radical 170, 阜+4, 7 strokes in traditional Chinese, 6 strokes in simplified Chinese, cangjie input 弓中卜竹尸 (NLYHS), four-corner 7022₇, composition ⿰⻖方)

Derived characters

• 𭰤, 𫕗, 𩗧, 𪁢, 埅

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1347, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41576
• Dae Jaweon: page 1848, character 25
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4118, character 1
• Unihan data for U+9632

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		防
alternative forms		埅 𨹛

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (方) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
縍	*paːŋ
榜	*paːŋʔ, *praːŋs, *braːŋ
蒡	*paːŋʔ, *braːŋ
牓	*paːŋʔ
螃	*paːŋʔ, *paːŋs, *baːŋ
搒	*paːŋs, *braːŋ
舫	*paːŋs, *paŋs
謗	*paːŋs
雱	*pʰaːŋ
磅	*pʰaːŋ, *pʰraːŋ
霶	*pʰaːŋ
滂	*pʰaːŋ
鎊	*pʰaːŋ
髈	*pʰaːŋʔ, *baːŋ
彷	*baːŋ, *pʰaŋʔ
趽	*baːŋ, *paŋ, *paŋs
房	*baːŋ, *baŋ
篣	*baːŋ, *braːŋ
騯	*baːŋ, *praːŋ, *braːŋ
傍	*baːŋ, *baːŋs
膀	*baːŋ
旁	*baːŋ
徬	*baːŋs
閍	*praːŋ
祊	*praːŋ
嗙	*praːŋ
方	*paŋ, *baŋ
汸	*paŋ
坊	*paŋ, *baŋ
邡	*paŋ, *pʰaŋs
枋	*paŋ
鈁	*paŋ
蚄	*paŋ
肪	*paŋ, *baŋ
鴋	*paŋ, *baŋ
牥	*paŋ
昉	*paŋʔ
瓬	*paŋʔ
放	*paŋʔ, *paŋs
倣	*paŋʔ
芳	*pʰaŋ
淓	*pʰaŋ
妨	*pʰaŋ, *pʰaŋs
紡	*pʰaŋʔ
仿	*pʰaŋʔ
髣	*pʰaŋʔ
鶭	*pʰaŋʔ
訪	*pʰaŋs
防	*baŋ, *baŋs
魴	*baŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baŋ, *baŋs) : semantic ⻖ + phonetic 方 (OC *paŋ, *baŋ).

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 防

1. (literary, or in compounds) dam; embankment

   • 稻人掌稼下地，以瀦畜水，以防止水。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     稻人掌稼下地，以潴畜水，以防止水。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Rites of Zhou, circa 3^rd century BCE

     Dàorén zhǎng jià xiàdì, yǐ zhū xù shuǐ, yǐ fáng zhǐ shuǐ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (obsolete) fortress; stronghold
3. (obsolete) to dam; to block; to build an embankment

   • 防民之口，甚於防川。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     防民之口，甚于防川。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Guoyu, circa 4^th century BCE

     Fáng mín zhī kǒu, shèn yú fáng chuān. [Pinyin]

     To blocking people's mouths is worse than to block a river.

4. to prevent; to guard against

   防癌  ―  fáng'ái  ―  to prevent cancer

   這種人不得不防。 [MSC, trad.]
   这种人不得不防。 [MSC, simp.]

   Zhè zhǒng rén bùdé bù fáng. [Pinyin]

   You must guard against people like this.

5. (literary, or in compounds) to defend; to safeguard

   防線／防线  ―  fángxiàn  ―  line of defense

   • 或從十五北防河，便至四十西營田。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     或从十五北防河，便至四十西营田。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 8th century, 杜甫 (Du Fu), 《兵車行》 (The Army Wagons: A Ballad); translated by Stephen Owen

     Huò cóng shíwǔ běi fáng hé, biàn zhì sìshí xī yíngtián. [Pinyin]

     Some from the age of fifteen are north guarding the River, then as soon as they reach forty they work military settlements in the west.

6. (literary, or in compounds) matters pertaining to defense

   邊防／边防  ―  biānfáng  ―  border defense

   國防／国防  ―  guófáng  ―  national defense

7. a surname

Synonyms

• (dam):

(deprecated template usage)

edit

• 堤
• 堤壩／堤坝 (dībà)
• 堤岸 (dī'àn)
• 堤防 (dīfáng)
• 塘 (táng)
• 大壩／大坝 (dàbà)
• 水壩／水坝 (shuǐbà)

 

• (to prevent):

(deprecated template usage)

edit

• 免除 (miǎnchú)
• 嚴防／严防 (yánfáng)
• 戒備／戒备 (jièbèi)
• 提防
• 謹防／谨防 (jǐnfáng)
• 避 (bì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 避免 (bìmiǎn)
• 防備／防备 (fángbèi)
• 防止 (fángzhǐ)
• 防範／防范 (fángfàn)
• 阻止 (zǔzhǐ)
• 預備／预备 (yùbèi) (literary)
• 預防／预防 (yùfáng)

 

• (to defend):

(deprecated template usage)

edit

• 保衛／保卫 (bǎowèi)
• 呵護／呵护 (hēhù)
• 守 (shǒu)
• 守候 (shǒuhòu)
• 守衛／守卫 (shǒuwèi)
• 守護／守护 (shǒuhù)
• 張持／张持 (Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 戍衛／戍卫 (shùwèi)
• 捍衛／捍卫 (hànwèi)
• 看護／看护 (kānhù)
• 衛護／卫护 (wèihù)
• 護衛／护卫 (hùwèi)
• 防守 (fángshǒu)
• 防衛／防卫 (fángwèi)

 

• (matters pertaining to defense): 防務／防务 (fángwù)

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

防

(Fifth grade kyōiku kanji)

1. dam, embankment
2. prevent, anti-, -proof
3. defend

Readings

• Go-on: ぼう (bō, Jōyō)^{←ばう (bau, historical)}
• Kan-on: ほう (hō)^{←はう (fau, historical)}
• Kun: ふせぐ (fusegu, 防ぐ, Jōyō)、つつみ (tsutsumi)

Compounds

dam, embankment

• 堤(てい)防(ぼう) (teibō)

prevent, anti-, -proof

Derived terms

• 防(ぼう)音(おん) (bōon, “soundproof”)
• 防(ぼう)火(か) (bōka, “fireproof”)
• 防(ぼう)寒(かん)具(ぐ) (bōkangu)
• 防(ぼう)空(くう) (bōkū)
• 防(ぼう)災(さい) (bōsai)
• 防(ぼう)止(し) (bōshi, “prevention”)
• 防(ぼう)臭(しゅう) (bōshū, “deodorant”)
• 防(ぼう)銹(しゅう) (bōshū, “rustproof”)
• 防(ぼう)水(すい) (bōsui, “waterproof”)
• 防(ぼう)弾(だん) (bōdan)
• 防(ぼう)虫(ちゅう) (bōchū)
• 防(ぼう)毒(どく) (bōdoku)
• 防(ぼう)犯(はん) (bōhan)
• 防(ぼう)腐(ふ)剤(ざい) (bōfuzai)
• 防(ぼう)風(ふう) (bōfū, “windproof”)
• 防(ぼう)風(ふう)林(りん) (bōfūrin)
• 予(よ)防(ぼう) (yobō, “prevention”)

defend

Derived terms

• 防(ぼう)衛(えい) (bōei, “defense (army)”)
• 防(ぼう)御(ぎょ) (bōgyo, “defense”)
• 防(ぼう)具(ぐ) (bōgu)
• 防(ぼう)護(ご) (bōgo, “protection”)
• 攻(こう)防(ぼう) (kōbō, “offense and defense”)

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Korean

Hanja

防 (eumhun 막을 방 (mageul bang))

1. hanja form^? of 방 (“dam, embankment”)
2. hanja form^? of 방 (“prevent, anti-, -proof”)
3. hanja form^? of 방 (“defend”)

Compounds

• 방어 (防禦, bang'eo, “defense”)
• 방수 (防水, bangsu, “waterproof”)
• 방음 (防音, bang'eum, “soundproof”)
• 방화 (防火, banghwa, “fireproof”)
• 방탄 (防彈, bangtan, “bulletproof”)
• 방범 (防犯, bangbeom, “prevention of crime”)

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Vietnamese

Han character

防: Hán Nôm readings: phòng

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• phòng bệnh (防病)