跑
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]跑 (Kangxi radical 157, 足+5, 12 strokes, cangjie input 口一心口山 (RMPRU), four-corner 67112, composition ⿰𧾷包)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1223, character 23
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 37461
- Dae Jaweon: page 1695, character 12
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3697, character 12
- Unihan data for U+8DD1
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
跑 |
---|
Glyph origin
[edit]Old Chinese | |
---|---|
袍 | *buː |
袌 | *buː, *buːs |
軳 | *buː |
抱 | *buːʔ |
勽 | *buːs, *mɯnʔ |
菢 | *buːs |
勹 | *pruː |
包 | *pruː |
胞 | *pruː, *pʰruː |
苞 | *pruː |
枹 | *pruː, *bu, *bu |
飽 | *pruːʔ |
泡 | *pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː |
炮 | *pʰruːs, *bruː |
皰 | *pʰruːs, *bruːs |
疱 | *pʰruːs, *bruːs |
跑 | *bruː, *bruːɡ |
咆 | *bruː |
庖 | *bruː |
匏 | *bruː |
刨 | *bruː |
狍 | *bruː |
炰 | *bruː |
鉋 | *bruː, *bruːs |
瓟 | *bruː, *bruːɡ |
颮 | *bruː, *pʰruːɡ |
鞄 | *bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ |
鮑 | *bruːʔ |
骲 | *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ |
玸 | *bu |
雹 | *bruːɡ |
窇 | *bruːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *bruː, *bruːɡ) : semantic 足 (“foot”) + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː).
Etymology 1
[edit]Compare Proto-Loloish *paw¹ (“to flee”) (Schuessler, 2007).
The computing sense is a semantic loan from English run.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pao3
- (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): по (po, II)
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): pau3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): pau2
- Northern Min (KCR): bǎu
- Eastern Min (BUC): pàu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6bau
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): pau3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: pǎo
- Wade–Giles: pʻao3
- Yale: pǎu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pao
- Palladius: пао (pao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: pao3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pao
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau⁵³/
- (Dungan)
- Cyrillic and Wiktionary: по (po, II)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɔ⁵¹/
- (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: paau2
- Yale: páau
- Cantonese Pinyin: paau2
- Guangdong Romanization: pao2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰaːu̯³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: pau2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: pau3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phâu
- Hakka Romanization System: pauˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: pau1
- Sinological IPA: /pʰau̯²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: pau2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰau⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bǎu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pau²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: pàu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note: pâu - rare, literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 跑 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /pʰɑu²¹⁴/ |
Harbin | /pʰau²¹³/ | |
Tianjin | /pʰɑu¹³/ | |
Jinan | /pʰɔ⁵⁵/ | |
Qingdao | /pʰɔ⁵⁵/ | |
Zhengzhou | /pʰau⁵³/ | |
Xi'an | /pʰau²⁴/ ~腿 /pʰau⁵³/ ~電 | |
Xining | /pʰɔ⁵³/ | |
Yinchuan | /pʰɔ⁵³/ | |
Lanzhou | /pʰɔ⁴⁴²/ | |
Ürümqi | /pʰɔ⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /pʰau²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /pʰau⁵³/ | |
Guiyang | /pʰao⁴²/ | |
Kunming | /pʰɔ⁵³/ | |
Nanjing | /pʰɔo²¹²/ | |
Hefei | /pʰɔ⁵⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /pʰau⁵³/ |
Pingyao | /pʰɔ⁵³/ | |
Hohhot | /pʰɔ⁵³/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /bɔ²³/ |
Suzhou | /bæ¹³/ | |
Hangzhou | /bɔ²¹³/ | |
Wenzhou | /pʰuɔ³⁵/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /pʰɔ⁴⁴/ |
Tunxi | ||
Xiang | Changsha | /pʰau⁴¹/ |
Xiangtan | /paɯ⁴²/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /pʰɑu²¹³/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /pʰau⁴⁴/ |
Taoyuan | ||
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /pʰau³⁵/ |
Nanning | /pʰau³⁵/ /pʰɛu³⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /pʰau³⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /pʰau⁵³/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /pʰau⁵³/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /pʰau²¹/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /pʰau⁵³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /fau³⁵/ |
Definitions
[edit]跑
- to run
- to run away; to flee
- (dialectal) to walk; to stroll; to go to
- to rush about; to make the rounds; to be busy
- to leak; to evaporate
- to go away; to be gone; to be lost
- (computing, colloquial) to run (a program)
- (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou Hokkien) well-liked; popular
- (Taiwanese Hokkien) to steal and run away
Synonyms
[edit]Dialectal synonyms of 跑 (“to run”) [map]
Variety | Location | Words |
---|---|---|
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 走, 離開, 離去 | |
Northeastern Mandarin | Taiwan | 走, 離開 |
Singapore | 走, 離開 | |
Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 走 |
Central Plains Mandarin | Wanrong | 走 |
Xi'an | 走 | |
Xining | 走 | |
Lanyin Mandarin | Yinchuan | 走 |
Ürümqi | 走 | |
Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 走 |
Wuhan | 走 | |
Guiyang | 走 | |
Jianghuai Mandarin | Nanjing | 走 |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | 走, 扯 |
Hong Kong | 走, 扯, 撇, 閃, 𨅝, 鬆, 撇s | |
Penang (Guangfu) | 走 | |
Singapore (Guangfu) | 走, 扯 | |
Gan | Nanchang | 走 |
Hakka | Meixian | 走 |
Yudu | 走 | |
Jin | Taiyuan | 走 |
Southern Min | Taipei | 走 GT |
Singapore (Hokkien) | 走 | |
Manila (Hokkien) | 行 | |
Singapore (Teochew) | 走 | |
Zhongshan Min | Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi) | 走, 行 |
Wu | Shanghai | 跑, 走 |
Danyang | 走 | |
Hangzhou | 走 | |
Jinhua | 走 | |
Note | GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified) |
Compounds
[edit]- 亂跑/乱跑 (luànpǎo)
- 偷跑 (tōupǎo)
- 助跑 (zhùpǎo)
- 嚇跑/吓跑 (xiàpǎo)
- 奔跑 (bēnpǎo)
- 帶球跑/带球跑 (dàiqiúpǎo)
- 慢跑 (mànpǎo)
- 戰備跑道/战备跑道
- 打帶跑/打带跑
- 拔腿就跑
- 拐跑
- 接力賽跑/接力赛跑
- 晨跑 (chénpǎo)
- 東奔西跑/东奔西跑 (dōngbēnxīpǎo)
- 東跑西顛/东跑西颠
- 東躲西跑/东躲西跑
- 白跑
- 百米賽跑/百米赛跑
- 短跑 (duǎnpǎo)
- 空跑
- 臂跑
- 賽跑/赛跑 (sàipǎo)
- 起跑 (qǐpǎo)
- 起跑線/起跑线 (qǐpǎoxiàn)
- 越野賽跑/越野赛跑
- 趕跑/赶跑 (gǎnpǎo)
- 跑不了
- 跑不掉
- 跑五方
- 跑兒/跑儿
- 跑兔子
- 跑反
- 跑合
- 跑單幫/跑单帮 (pǎodānbāng)
- 跑圓場/跑圆场
- 跑堂 (pǎotáng)
- 跑堂兒的/跑堂儿的
- 跑壘/跑垒
- 跑封人
- 跑新聞/跑新闻
- 跑旱船 (pǎohànchuán)
- 跑樓/跑楼
- 跑檯子/跑台子
- 跑步 (pǎobù)
- 跑江湖
- 跑海
- 跑片
- 跑狗場/跑狗场
- 跑碼頭/跑码头 (pǎomǎtou)
- 跑票
- 跑竹馬/跑竹马
- 跑肚 (pǎodù)
- 跑腿 (pǎotuǐ)
- 跑腿子 (pǎotuǐzi)
- 跑船 (pǎochuán)
- 跑表 (pǎobiǎo)
- 跑解馬/跑解马
- 跑警報/跑警报
- 跑起來/跑起来
- 跑跑跳跳
- 跑跑顛顛/跑跑颠颠
- 跑路 (pǎolù)
- 跑車/跑车 (pǎochē)
- 跑轍/跑辙
- 跑道 (pǎodào)
- 跑道兒/跑道儿
- 跑道容量
- 跑野馬/跑野马
- 跑電/跑电 (pǎodiàn)
- 跑鞋 (pǎoxié)
- 跑馬/跑马 (pǎomǎ)
- 跑馬場/跑马场 (pǎomǎchǎng)
- 跑馬燈/跑马灯 (pǎomǎdēng)
- 跑馬賣解/跑马卖解
- 跑馬走解/跑马走解
- 跑龍套/跑龙套 (pǎo lóngtào)
- 路跑
- 逃跑 (táopǎo)
- 連跑帶跳/连跑带跳
- 長跑/长跑 (chángpǎo)
- 障礙賽跑/障碍赛跑
- 飛跑/飞跑 (fēipǎo)
- 馬跑泉/马跑泉
- 龜兔賽跑/龟兔赛跑
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): pau1
- Jin (Wiktionary): pau1
- Eastern Min (BUC): pàu
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄠˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: páo
- Wade–Giles: pʻao2
- Yale: páu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: paur
- Palladius: пао (pao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɑʊ̯³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: paau4
- Yale: pàauh
- Cantonese Pinyin: paau4
- Guangdong Romanization: pao4
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰaːu̯²¹/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: pau3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: pau1
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰau¹¹/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: pàu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pâu
- Tâi-lô: pâu
- Phofsit Daibuun: paau
- IPA (Xiamen): /pau²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phâu
- Tâi-lô: phâu
- Phofsit Daibuun: phaau
- IPA (Xiamen): /pʰau²⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: pao2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: pháu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰau⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
- Middle Chinese: baew
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*bruː/
Definitions
[edit]跑
Compounds
[edit]Etymology 3
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄛˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bó
- Wade–Giles: po2
- Yale: bwó
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bor
- Palladius: бо (bo)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pu̯ɔ³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: baewk
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*bruːɡ/
Definitions
[edit]跑
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
References
[edit]- “跑”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]跑
Readings
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
.
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