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惠

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 恵
惠 U+60E0, 惠
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-60E0
← 惟
[U+60DF] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 惡 →
[U+60E1]

Translingual

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Japanese 恵
Simplified 惠
Traditional 惠

Han character

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惠 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+8, 12 strokes, Cangjie input 十戈心 (JIP), four-corner 50333, composition ⿳⿻一申⿰㇀丶心 or ⿱⿻一⿻虫一心)

Derived characters

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Descendants

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 391, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10822
  • Dae Jaweon: page 724, character 5
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2309, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+60E0

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 惠
alternative forms
僡
恵
𠅤
叀
𢞯
僡
恵
𠅤
叀
𢞯
𢡘
𢥁
𢞨
𦻇
𢠞
𦣽
㥣
 

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 惠
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
Characters in the same phonetic series (惠) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
韢 *skʰʷeds
繐 *sqʰʷeds, *ɢʷiːds
憓 *ɢʷiːds
潓 *ɢʷiːds
惠 *ɢʷiːds
蟪 *ɢʷiːds
蕙 *ɢʷiːds
橞 *ɢʷiːds
譓 *ɢʷiːds
鏸 *ɢʷiːds
穗 *sɢʷids

Ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *ɢʷiːds): phonetic 叀 + semantic 心 (“heart”). Originally also written 叀.

Etymology

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Related to 唯 (OC *ɢʷi, “to be”). Its usual meaning "kind, compliant" could be semantically extended from "should be" > "to consider / treat as it should / ought to be, as expected" as copulas tend to expand into full verb (Schuessler, 2007).

For pronunciation 2, compare the development of the pronunciation of 畦 (qí) from 畦 (MC hwej), which historically differed with 惠 (MC hwejH) only in tone, and is homophonous with 惠 (/ɕi⁵⁵/) in the modern Xi'an dialect (Xi, 2017).

Pronunciation 1

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Note:
  • he5 - literary;
  • hi5/hinn5 - vernacular (e.g. 惠安).
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 惠
Mandarin Beijing /xuei⁵¹/
Harbin /xuei⁵³/
Tianjin /xuei⁵³/
Jinan /xuei²¹/
Qingdao /xue⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xuei³¹²/
Xi'an /ɕi⁴⁴/ 姓
/xuei⁴⁴/ 恩～
Xining /xuɨ²¹³/
Yinchuan /xuei¹³/
Lanzhou /xuei¹³/
Ürümqi /xuei²¹³/
Wuhan /xuei³⁵/
Chengdu /xuei¹³/
Guiyang /xuei²¹³/
Kunming /xuei²¹²/
Nanjing /xuəi⁴⁴/
Hefei /xue⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /xuei⁴⁵/
Pingyao /xuæ³⁵/
Hohhot /xuei⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦue²³/
Suzhou /ɦue̞³¹/
Hangzhou /ɦui¹³/
Wenzhou /vu²²/
Hui Shexian /xue²²/
Tunxi /ɕye¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /fei⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /ɸəi⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /fɨi²¹/
Hakka Meixian /fi⁵³/
Taoyuan /fui⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wɐi²²/
Nanning /wɐi²²/
Hong Kong /wɐi²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hui²²/
/hue²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hiɛ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xy⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /hui³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hui³⁵/
Rime
Character 惠
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 齊 (40)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 胡桂切
Baxter hwejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦweiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦʷeiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣuɛiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦwɛjH/
Li
Rong 		/ɣueiH/
Wang
Li 		/ɣiweiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɣiweiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		huì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		wai6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 惠
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		huì
Middle
Chinese 		‹ hwejH ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[ɢ]ʷˁi[j]-s/
English kind, good

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 惠
Reading # 1/1
No. 5483
Phonetic
component 		惠
Rime
group 		至
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		慧
Old
Chinese 		/*ɢʷiːds/
Notes 說文從叀實叀聲，
而叀屮（卉）聲，金文叀非軎亦非專，
像韢或十冖畀初文

Definitions

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惠

  1. benefit; favor; advantage
  2. to benefit; to grant a favor; favor; to advantage
  3. (obsolete) to love
  4. benevolent; kindhearted
  5. mild; gentle; kind
  6. (polite) used as a form of compliment
    惠顧／惠顾  ―  huìgù  ―  your patronage
  7. short for 惠州 (Huìzhōu, “Huizhou”)
  8. a surname, Hui
Synonyms
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  • (benefit):
  • (benevolent):
  • (mild):

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 惠
Mandarin Beijing /xuei⁵¹/
Harbin /xuei⁵³/
Tianjin /xuei⁵³/
Jinan /xuei²¹/
Qingdao /xue⁴²/
Zhengzhou /xuei³¹²/
Xi'an /ɕi⁴⁴/ 姓
/xuei⁴⁴/ 恩～
Xining /xuɨ²¹³/
Yinchuan /xuei¹³/
Lanzhou /xuei¹³/
Ürümqi /xuei²¹³/
Wuhan /xuei³⁵/
Chengdu /xuei¹³/
Guiyang /xuei²¹³/
Kunming /xuei²¹²/
Nanjing /xuəi⁴⁴/
Hefei /xue⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /xuei⁴⁵/
Pingyao /xuæ³⁵/
Hohhot /xuei⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /ɦue²³/
Suzhou /ɦue̞³¹/
Hangzhou /ɦui¹³/
Wenzhou /vu²²/
Hui Shexian /xue²²/
Tunxi /ɕye¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /fei⁵⁵/
Xiangtan /ɸəi⁵⁵/
Gan Nanchang /fɨi²¹/
Hakka Meixian /fi⁵³/
Taoyuan /fui⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /wɐi²²/
Nanning /wɐi²²/
Hong Kong /wɐi²²/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hui²²/
/hue²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /hiɛ²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xy⁴⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /hui³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /hui³⁵/
Rime
Character 惠
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 齊 (40)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 胡桂切
Baxter hwejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ɦweiH/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ɦʷeiH/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ɣuɛiH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ɦwɛjH/
Li
Rong 		/ɣueiH/
Wang
Li 		/ɣiweiH/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/ɣiweiH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		huì
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		wai6

Definitions

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惠

  1. (Shaanxi dialect) a surname: Xi

References

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  • “惠”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
  • 李如龙 [Li, Ru-long]; 刘福铸 [Liu, Fu-zhu]; 吴华英 [Wu, Hua-ying]; 黄国城 [Huang, Guo-cheng] (2019), “惠”, in 莆仙方言调查报告 [Investigation Report on Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 157.
  • 周存 [Zhōu, Cún], editor (2023), “惠”, in 长汀话词典 CHANGTINGHUA CIDIAN [Dictionary of Changting Dialect] (overall work in Hakka and Mandarin), Guangzhou: 世界图书出版有限公司 [World Book Publishing Co., Ltd.], →ISBN, page 187.

Japanese

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Shinjitai

恵

Kyūjitai

惠

Kanji

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惠

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 恵)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

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Korean

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Hanja

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惠 (eumhun 은혜 혜 (eunhye hye))

  1. grace, benefit, love
  2. good, gentle, nice
  3. wise, intelligent
  4. beautiful, fine

Compounds

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Vietnamese

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Han character

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惠: Hán Nôm readings: huệ

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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