衣
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Translingual
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Alternative forms
Han character
衣 (Kangxi radical 145, 衣+0, 6 strokes, cangjie input 卜竹女 (YHV), four-corner 00732, composition ⿱亠𧘇)
- Kangxi radical #145, ⾐.
Descendants
Derived characters
Related characters
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1111, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 34091
- Dae Jaweon: page 1575, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3074, character 1
- Unihan data for U+8863
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
衣 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 衣 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Pictogram (象形) Outline of the chest, upper clothing. compare to 文 with limbs and a head.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *w(y)a-t ~ wit (“to wear; to clothe”).
Pronunciation 2 ("to wear") is the exoactive form of pronunciation 1 ("garment; clothes").
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ji1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yî
- Northern Min (KCR): í
- Eastern Min (BUC): ĭ
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1i
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yi
- Wade–Giles: i1
- Yale: yī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: i
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ji1
- Yale: yī
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji1
- Guangdong Romanization: yi1
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiː⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî
- Hakka Romanization System: i´
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi1
- Sinological IPA: /i²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yî
- Hakka Romanization System: (r)i´
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi1
- Sinological IPA: /(j)i²⁴/
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: í
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ĭ
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- i - literary;
- ui - colloquial (only in the sense “placenta”).
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: i1 / ui1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: i / ui
- Sinological IPA (key): /i³³/, /ui³³/
- i1 - literary;
- ui1 - vernacular.
- Dialectal data
| Variety | Location | 衣 |
|---|---|---|
| Mandarin | Beijing | /i⁵⁵/ |
| Harbin | /i⁴⁴/ | |
| Tianjin | /i²¹/ | |
| Jinan | /i²¹³/ | |
| Qingdao | /i²¹³/ | |
| Zhengzhou | /i²⁴/ | |
| Xi'an | /i²¹/ | |
| Xining | /ji⁴⁴/ | |
| Yinchuan | /i⁴⁴/ | |
| Lanzhou | /i³¹/ | |
| Ürümqi | /i⁴⁴/ | |
| Wuhan | /i⁵⁵/ | |
| Chengdu | /i⁵⁵/ | |
| Guiyang | /i⁵⁵/ | |
| Kunming | /i⁴⁴/ | |
| Nanjing | /i³¹/ | |
| Hefei | /zz̩²¹/ | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | /i¹¹/ |
| Pingyao | /i¹³/ | |
| Hohhot | /i³¹/ | |
| Wu | Shanghai | /i⁵³/ |
| Suzhou | /i⁵⁵/ | |
| Hangzhou | /ʔi³³/ | |
| Wenzhou | /i³³/ | |
| Hui | Shexian | /i³¹/ |
| Tunxi | /i¹¹/ | |
| Xiang | Changsha | /i³³/ |
| Xiangtan | /i³³/ | |
| Gan | Nanchang | /i⁴²/ |
| Hakka | Meixian | /i⁴⁴/ |
| Taoyuan | /ʒï²⁴/ | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | /ji⁵³/ |
| Nanning | /ji⁵⁵/ | |
| Hong Kong | /ji⁵⁵/ | |
| Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /i⁵⁵/ /ui⁵⁵/ |
| Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /i⁴⁴/ | |
| Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /i⁵⁴/ | |
| Shantou (Teochew) | /i³³/ | |
| Haikou (Hainanese) | /i²³/ /ta²³/ 訓衫 |
- Middle Chinese: 'j+j
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔ(r)əj/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qɯl/
Definitions
- (upper) garment; clothes; clothing (Classifier: 件)
- coating; covering; skin
- membrane; film
- (literary or Min) afterbirth; placenta
- a surname
Synonyms
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yì
- Wade–Giles: i4
- Yale: yì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yih
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yi
- Wade–Giles: i1
- Yale: yī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: i
- Palladius: и (i)
- Sinological IPA (key): /i⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ji3
- Yale: yi
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji3
- Guangdong Romanization: yi3
- Sinological IPA (key): /jiː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: é
- Sinological IPA (key): /ɛi²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Middle Chinese: 'j+jH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ʔ(r)əj-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*qɯls/
Definitions
- † (literary) to dress; to wear; to put on clothes
- † to cover; to place something over; to wrap up; to bind up
- † Original form of 依 (yī, “to rely on”).
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
Readings
Compounds
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 衣 |
| ころも Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese. Appears in the Kojiki completed in 712 CE.
Ultimate derivation unclear. May be a compound of ころ (koro, uncertain meaning, possibly “wrapping”, cognate with 転 (koro, “roller; rolling”)) + 裳 (mo, “lower robe”).
Pronunciation
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Noun
- (archaic) clothes, clothing
- a robe (as worn by a monk, nun, or priest)
- a coating on an item of food, such as batter or icing
- the outer shell or carapace of an insect or other arthropod
- the hide or feathers of a small animal
Synonyms
- (clothing): 服 (fuku), 衣服 (ifuku)
- (robe): 着物 (kimono) (non-clerical); 法衣 (hōi) (clerical), 僧衣 (sōi) (clerical)
- (food coating, insect shell, animal skin): 外皮 (gaihi)
Derived terms
- 衣替え (koromogae): the changing of one's clothes
- 衣虱 (koromojirami): the body louse ((Pediculus humanus), (Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "ver" is not used by this template.), (Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "ver" is not used by this template.))
- 衣手 (koromode): a sleeve
- 衣筥 (koromobako): a kind of clothing box or chest that has short legs
- 衣偏 (koromohen): the clothing radical (a graphical portion of a kanji character)
- 衣屋 (koromoya): a store selling clerical robes; a person working in such a store
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 衣 |
| きぬ Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
Likely cognate with 絹 (kinu, “silk”).[1] Alternatively, may also be a compound of 着 (ki, “wearing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 着る kiru, “to wear”) + 布 (nu, “cloth”, shortened from normal reading nuno).[1]
Pronunciation
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Noun
- clothes, clothing (particularly clothing worn on the top half of the body)
- an overrobe
- the skin, hide, or shell of an animal; the bark, rind, or skin of a plant
Derived terms
- 衣落 (kinuotoshi): a particular moment in a noh play where a character approaches the bridge and removes an outer robe wrapped around their hips
Etymology 3
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 衣 |
| ぎ Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
The rendaku form of 着 (ki), the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 着る (kiru, “to wear”).[1][2]
Pronunciation
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Alternative forms
Suffix
Usage notes
Only found as the latter element in compounds. More commonly spelled 着.
Derived terms
Etymology 4
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 衣 |
| い Grade: 4 |
| kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 衣 (MC 'j+j, “clothes, clothing”).
The kan'on reading, so likely a more recent borrowing.
Pronunciation
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Noun
Affix
Derived terms
Etymology 5
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 衣 |
| え Grade: 4 |
| on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 衣 (MC 'j+j, “clothes, clothing”).
The goon reading, so likely the older borrowing.
Pronunciation
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Noun
Usage notes
Not used in isolation. Only encountered in compounds.
Derived terms
Etymology 6
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 衣 |
| そ Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
⟨so2⟩ → /so/
From Old Japanese. Ultimate derivation unknown.
Pronunciation
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Noun
Usage notes
Only found in compounds.
Derived terms
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira (1995) 大辞泉 [Daijisen] (in Japanese), First edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN
Korean
Hanja
衣 • (ui)
- Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 의 (revised: ui, McCune–Reischauer: ŭi, Yale: uy)
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- clothes, clothing
Okinawan
Etymology
Cognate with mainland Japanese 衣 (kinu).[1][2] Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as ちん.[3]
Noun
References
- ^ Katrien Hendrickx, The Origins of Banana-fibre Cloth in the Ryukyus, Japan, Leuven University Press: 2007, p 110
- ^ http://www.haisai.co.jp/kantanuchinaaguchi.htm
- ^ Nakamoto, Masayo (中本政世) (1896) 沖縄語典 [Documentation of the Language of Okinawa], Hikone (彦根市): Eishōdō (永昌堂), , page 31
Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 衣 (y, ấy, e, ỵ)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
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