vir

See also: Vir, VIR, vír, -vir-, and вир

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch voor (“for; before”) or rather the dialectal variant veur (compare deur vis-à-vis Dutch door). The Afrikaans distinction between vir (“for”) and voor (“before”) may have been influenced by corresponding German für and vor.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fər/, [fɨr]

• audio

  (file)

Preposition

vir

1. for

   Dit is vir jou! ― It is for you!

2. Used to indicate the addressee of a communicative act.

   Sy roep vir haar sussie. ― She is calling to her little sister.

   Amen, sê ek vir julle. ― Amen, I say to you.

   Die ou man het gesein vir die motorbestuurder. ― The old man signalled to the car driver.

3. Direct object marker.

   Die vrou moer vir die inbreker toe met 'n hamer. ― The woman then whacked the burglar with a hammer.

Related terms

• voor

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Baure

Noun

vir

1. wind

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Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from modern European languages, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] English virus, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] French virus, (deprecated template usage) [etyl] German Virus, which are all from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin virus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /vɪr/

Noun

1. virus

Derived terms

• antivir
• virový

Related terms

• virus

Further reading

• Template:R:PSJC
• Template:R:SSJC

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Galician

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese vĩir, from Latin venīre, present active infinitive of veniō.

Verb

1. to come
2. first-person and third-person singular personal infinitive of vir

Antonyms

• (to come): ir

Related terms

• advir
• convir
• contravir
• desconvir

• desavir
• devir
• intervir
• previr

• provir
• reconvir
• sobrevir

Etymology 2

Inflected form of ver (“to see”).

Verb

vir

1. first-person and third-person singular future subjunctive of ver

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *wiros, from Proto-Indo-European *wiHrós. Cognates include Sanskrit वीर (vīrá), Old Prussian wijrs, Lithuanian vyras, Latvian vīrs, Old Irish fer, Old Norse verr, Ossetian ир (ir, “Ossetians”) and Old English wer (English were-).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /u̯ir/, [u̯ɪr]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /vir/, [vir]

• Audio (Classical)

  (file)

Noun

vir m (genitive virī); second declension

1. man in the sense of "male human"
2. adult, mature, or grown man
3. brave or courageous man, hero, warrior
4. husband
5. (in military contexts) foot soldier

Declension

Second-declension noun (nominative singular in -r).

Case	Singular	Plural
Nominative	vir	virī
Genitive	virī	virōrum
Dative	virō	virīs
Accusative	virum	virōs
Ablative	virō	virīs
Vocative	vir	virī

• The genitive plural may also be virum, virûm.

Synonyms

• (man, male): mās, homō

Hypernyms

• (man, male): homō
• (man, male): mās

Derived terms

• centumvir
• decemvir
• duumvir
• octōvir
• quinquevir
• sēmivir
• septemvir
• sexvir
• triumvir
• vira
• viragō
• virātus
• virīlis
• virlupus
• virtūs

References

• “vir”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “vir”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• vir in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles summus vir illius aetatis
    
  • Pericles, the greatest man of his day: Pericles, vir omnium, qui tum fuerunt, clarissimus
    
  • a man of considerable learning for those times: vir ut temporibus illis doctus
    
  • a man of ability: vir magno ingenio, ingeniosus
    
  • a man of ability: vir magno ingenio praeditus
    
  • a man of learning; a scholar; a savant: vir or homo doctus, litteratus
    
  • a great scholar: vir doctissimus
    
  • a man of profound erudition: vir perfecte planeque eruditus
    
  • a man perfect in all branches of learning: vir omni doctrina eruditus
    
  • the learned men are most unanimous in..: summa est virorum doctissimorum consensio (opp. dissensio)
    
  • a man of character, with a strong personality: vir constans, gravis (opp. homo inconstans, levis)
    
  • a man who has held every office (up to the consulship): vir defunctus honoribus
    
  • a hero: vir fortissimus
    
  • (ambiguous) many learned men; many scholars: multi viri docti, or multi et ii docti (not multi docti)
    
  • (ambiguous) to separate (of the woman): repudium remittere viro (Dig. 24. 3)
    
  • (ambiguous) statesmen: viri rerum civilium, rei publicae gerendae periti or viri in re publica prudentes
    
  • (ambiguous) men of rank and dignity: viri clari et honorati (De Sen. 7. 22)
    

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Luxembourgish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fiːʀ/, [ˈfiː.ɐ], [fiə̯]
• Homophone: fir

Adverb

vir

1. ahead, at the front, at the fore

Derived terms

• hannevir
• virun

Related terms

• vir-

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Northern Kurdish

Etymology 1

Pronoun

vir

1. here

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• virr

Noun

vir

1. lie

   vir kirin ― to lie

   vir kirin nav rûya ― to lie to one's eyes, lie blatantly

Derived terms

• virek (“lier”)
• virekî (“lie, lying”)
• viridîk

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Old Swedish

Alternative forms

• vī

Etymology

From Old Norse vír, variant of vér, from Proto-Germanic *wīz.

Pronoun

vīr

1. we

Declension

Old Swedish personal pronouns

	first person	second person	reflexive	third person
				masculine	feminine	neuter
singular
nominative	iak, iæk	þū	—	han	hōn	þæt
accusative	mik, mek	þik	sik	han	hana, hōna	þæt
dative	mǣ(r), mik	þǣ(r), þik	sǣ(r), sik	hōnum, hānum	hænni	þȳ, þī
genitive	mīn	þīn	sīn	hans	hænna(r)	þæs
dual
nominative	vit	it	—	—	—	—
accusative	oker	*iker	sik	—	—	—
dative	oker	*iker	sǣr, sik	—	—	—
genitive	okar	*ikar	sīn	—	—	—
plural
nominative	vī(r)	ī(r)	—	þē(r)	þā(r)	þø̄n, þē(n)
accusative	os, ōs	iþer	sik	þā	þā(r)	þø̄n, þē(n)
dative	os, ōs	iþer	sǣr, sik	þēm, þø̄m, þom	þēm, þø̄m, þom	þēm, þø̄m, þom
genitive	vār	iþar	sīn	þēra	þēra	þēra

Descendants

• Swedish: vi

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Picard

Etymology

From Old French veoir, veir, from earlier vedeir, from Latin vidēre, present active infinitive of videō.

Verb

vir

1. to see

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Piedmontese

Noun

vir m (plural vir)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Related terms

• viré

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Portuguese

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈviɾ/
• IPA^(key): /ˈvi(ʁ)/
  • Homophone: vi (with -r dropping)
• Hyphenation: vir

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese vĩir, from Latin venīre, present active infinitive of veniō, from Proto-Italic *gʷenjō, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷm̥yéti, from zero-grade of *gʷem- + *-yéti.

Related to Spanish venir, French venir, Italian venire, Romanian veni.

Verb

2. (intransitive) to come (to move towards the speaker or the agent)

   Ele veio me cumprimentar.

   He came to greet me.

4. (intransitive) to come; to arrive (to reach a destination, especially where the speaker is)

   Venha antes das seis se quiser jantar.

   Come before six if you want to have dinner.

   Synonym: chegar

6. (intransitive) to come (to manifest itself; to occur)

   Os meses vêm e vão.

   The months come and go.

8. (intransitive) to come (to be located in a certain position in a sequence)

   A palavra coçar vem depois de cocar no dicionário.

   The word coçar comes after cocar in the dictionary.

10. (transitive with de) to come from; to be from (to have as one’s place of origin)

    Eles vêm de vários países.

    They come from various countries.

    Estas botas são porcarias e baratas porque vêm da China.

    These boots are crap and cheap because they are from China.

    Synonym: ser de

12. (transitive with de) to be caused by; to be due to

    Meu sofrimento vem das misérias da vida.

    My suffering is due to life’s miseries.

14. (intransitive, or transitive with de) to come back (from); to return (from)

    Quando que o pai vem das férias?

    When is dad coming back from his vacation?

    Synonyms: volta, retornar, tornar

16. (auxiliary, with a verb in the gerund) have/has been (forms the present perfect progressive aspect)

    Eu venho comendo pizza todos os dias.

    I have been eating pizza every day.

18. (auxiliary with a and a verb in the infinitive) to end up (to eventually do)

    Meu irmão veio a se tornar padre.

    My brother ended up becoming a priest.

    Synonym: acabar

20. (colloquial, intransitive, or transitive with com) to bitch; to whine (to complain, especially unnecessarily)

    Não venha com essa.

    Stop whining.

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:vir.

Etymology 2

From the verb ver (“to see”).

Verb

vir

1. Template:pt-verb-form-of
2. Template:pt-verb-form-of

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ver.

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *virъ

Noun

vir m (Cyrillic spelling вир)

1. whirlpool
2. (regional) source

Declension

Declension of vir

	singular	plural
nominative	vir	virovi
genitive	vira	virova
dative	viru	virovima
accusative	vir	virove
vocative	viru	virovi
locative	viru	virovima
instrumental	virom	virovima

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Slovene

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʋíːr/

Noun

vȋr m inan

1. source (of water; e.g. a spring or well)
2. source, origin

Inflection

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.

Masculine inan., hard o-stem
nom. sing.	vír
gen. sing.	víra
	singular	dual	plural
nominative (imenovȃlnik)	vír	víra	víri
genitive (rodȋlnik)	víra	vírov	vírov
dative (dajȃlnik)	víru	víroma	vírom
accusative (tožȋlnik)	vír	víra	víre
locative (mẹ̑stnik)	víru	vírih	vírih
instrumental (orọ̑dnik)	vírom	víroma	víri