身

Translingual

Stroke order

Stroke order

Han character

身 (Kangxi radical 158, 身+0, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹難竹 (HXH), four-corner 2740₀)

1. Kangxi radical #158, ⾝.

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1237, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38034
• Dae Jaweon: page 1709, character 36
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3807, character 1
• Unihan data for U+8EAB

---

Chinese

trad.		身
simp. #		身

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 身
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (身) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
身	*qʰjin
銵	*kʰriːŋ

Pictogram (象形) : from a pictograph of a pregnant woman.

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): shēn (shen¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): sen¹

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): шын (šɨn, I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): san¹

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): sin¹

• Gan (Wiktionary): siin¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sṳ̂n
• Jin (Wiktionary): seng¹
• Northern Min (KCR): séng
• Eastern Min (BUC): sĭng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): sin / sian

  (Teochew, Peng'im): sing¹ / sêng¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹sen
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): shen¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shēn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shen
    • Wade–Giles: shên¹
    • Yale: shēn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shen
    • Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂən⁵⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: sen¹
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: sen
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sən⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: шын (šɨn, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂəŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: san¹
    • Yale: sān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: san¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn⁵⁵/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: sin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sin³³/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: siin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɨn⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sṳ̂n
    • Hakka Romanization System: siin´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sin¹
    • Sinological IPA: /sɨn²⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: seng¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /sə̃ŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: séng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /seiŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: sĭng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siŋ⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sin
    • Tâi-lô: sin
    • Phofsit Daibuun: syn
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /sin⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sin³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sian
    • Tâi-lô: sian
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siefn
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /siɛn⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɛn³³/

Note:

• sin - literary;
• sian - vernacular.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: sing¹ / sêng¹
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sing / seng
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siŋ³³/, /seŋ³³/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹sen
    • MiniDict: sen^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹sen
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /sən⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: shen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /ʂən³³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /sən³³/

---

• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 身
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʂən⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ʂən⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ʂən²¹/ /sən²¹/
	Jinan	/ʂẽ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/ʃə̃²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ʂən²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ʂẽ²¹/
	Xining	/ʂə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʂəŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ʂə̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ʂɤŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/sən⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/sən⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/sen⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ʂə̃⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/ʂən³¹/
	Hefei	/ʂən²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/səŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ʂəŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/sə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/səŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/sən⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/sen³³/
	Wenzhou	/saŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕiʌ̃³¹/
	Tunxi	/ɕian¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ʂən³³/
	Xiangtan	/sən³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/sɨn⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/sən⁴⁴/
	Taoyuan	/ʃen²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/sɐn⁵³/
	Nanning	/sɐn⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/sɐn⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/sin⁵⁵/ /sian⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/siŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/seiŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/siŋ³³/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/tin²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: syin

Rime
Character	身
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	失人切
Baxter	syin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕin/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕin/
Li Rong	/ɕiĕn/
Wang Li	/ɕĭĕn/
Bernard Karlgren	/ɕi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shēn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	san1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*n̥i[ŋ]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*qʰjin/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	身
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shēn
Middle Chinese	‹ syin ›
Old Chinese	/*n̥i[ŋ]/
English	body; self
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	身
Reading #	1/1
No.	11247
Phonetic component	身
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	申
Old Chinese	/*qʰjin/
Notes	甲金文象人鼓其腹， 表其身有孕，非申聲

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 身

1. (anatomy) body
2. (figurative) body; main part
3. pregnancy
4. oneself
5. in person; personally
6. I; me
7. life; one's (entire) life
8. social status
9. moral character
10. Classifier for suits of clothes.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): juān (juan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄐㄩㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gyun¹ / jyun⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: juān
    • Zhuyin: ㄐㄩㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jyuan
    • Wade–Giles: chüan¹
    • Yale: jywān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuan
    • Palladius: цзюань (czjuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gyun¹ / jyun⁴
    • Yale: gyūn / yùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gyn¹ / jyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: gün¹ / yun⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kyːn⁵⁵/, /jyːn²¹/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 身

1. Only used in 身毒 (Juāndú).

Compounds

(deprecated template usage)

---

Japanese

Kanji

身

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

1. body
2. identity

Readings

• Go-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: しん (shin, Jōyō)
• Kun: み (mi, 身, Jōyō); む (mu, 身); むくろ (mukuro, 身)

Compounds

Compounds

• 身(しん)体(たい) (shintai): body
• 身(しん)長(ちょう) (shinchō): stature, one's height
• 身(しん)辺(ぺん) (shinpen): one's person
• 身(しん)代(だい) (shindai): one's fortune, one's property
• 身(み)代(が)わり (migawari): a stand-in, a substitute
• 身(み)軽(がる) (migaru): agile, nimble, light on one's feet
• 身(み)形(なり) (minari): one's appearance
• 身(み)近(ぢか) (mijika): close by, near; familiar
• 身(み)元(もと) (mimoto): identity
• 身(み)柄(がら) (migara): social standing
• 身(み)分(ぶん) (mibun): social position
• 身(み)寄(よ)り (miyori): relative
• 身(み)投(な)げ (minage): suicide
• 身(しん)障(しょう)者(しゃ) (shinshōsha): disabled person
• 身(み)の上(うえ) (mi no ue): one's circumstances, one's place in life, one's lot or fortune
• 身(み)勝(がっ)手(て) (migatte): selfishness
• 身(み)の程(ほど) (mi no hodo): one's social position
• 身(み)の回(まわ)り (mi no mawari): one's accoutrements, the things about a person, one's personal belongings
• 全(ぜん)身(しん) (zenshin): whole body

• 心(しん)身(しん) (shinshin): mind and body
• 焼(しょう)身(しん) (shōshin): self-immolation
• 変(へん)身(しん) (henshin): transformation
• 自(じ)身(しん) (jishin): oneself
• 独(どく)身(しん) (dokushin): living alone; a bachelor, a single person
• 単(たん)身(しん) (tanshin): alone, one person
• 前(ぜん)身(しん) (zenshin): past life
• 保(ほ)身(しん) (hoshin): self-protection
• 献(けん)身(しん) (kenshin): devotion
• 立(りっ)身(しん) (risshin): success in life
• 小(しょう)身(しん) (shōshin): humble position
• 細(ほそ)身(み) (hosomi): a narrow body (as of a person or the body of a thing)
• 中(なか)身(み) (nakami): contents, the insides of something
• 黄(き)身(み) (kimi): yolk
• 刺(さし)身(み) (sashimi): sashimi
• 出(しゅっ)身(しん)地(ち) (shusshinchi): one's native place, where someone is from
• 身(み)に着(つ)ける (mi ni tsukeru): to wear, to put on the body
• 一(いっ)身(しん) (isshin): the own person, oneself
• 一(ひと)身(み) (hitomi): the entire body

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
身
み Grade: 3
kun'yomi

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese. Cognate with 実 (mi, “seed, fruit, offspring”).

Standalone form of mu below. May derive as mu + い (i, emphatic nominative particle). See also the etymology of 神 (kami, kamu).

Noun

身(み) • (mi) 

1. a body; (by extension):
   1. the main part of something
   2. the blade of a sword
   3. oneself
   4. one's position, one's social standing or circumstances
   5. meat, flesh
   6. wood (emphasis on the inside, as opposed to the bark)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 身(み)分(ぶん) (mibun): one's identity, one's social standing
• 中(なか)身(み) (nakami): contents, the insides of something

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
身
む Grade: 3
kun'yomi

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese. Bound form of mi above, only found in compounds.

Noun

身(む) • (mu) 

1. (only in compounds) a body

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 身(む)代(かわり) (mukawari), 質(むかわり) (mukawari): a hostage
• 躯(むくろ) (mukuro), 骸(むくろ) (mukuro), 身(むくろ) (mukuro): a (living) body; a (dead) body, a corpse; a rotten tree trunk
• 正身(むざね) (muzane), 実(むざね) (muzane): the true nature of a person or thing

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
身
むくろ Grade: 3
kun'yomi

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old Japanese. Compound of 身 (mu, “body”, bound form of standalone mi) +‎ くろ (kuro). The derivation of the kuro element is uncertain, but it might be an alteration or ancient form of 幹 (kara, “trunk, main part”).

Alternative forms

• 躯, 骸

Noun

身(むくろ) • (mukuro) 

1. a living body
   • 720, 日本書紀 (Nihon Shoki, “Chronicles of Japan”), Volume 7, in the section on 景行天皇 (Keikō-tennō, Emperor Keikō):

     身體長大

     人(ひと)となり、むくろ長(たか)く大(おお)きにして

     hitotonari, mukuro takaku ōki ni shite

     His personality and body were lofty and great

2. a dead body, a corpse
   • 14th century, 太平記 (Taiheiki):

     御首(おんくび)は敷皮(しきかは)の上(うえ)に落(お)ちて質(むくろ)は尚(なほ)坐(ざ)せるが如(ごと)し

     onkubi wa shikikawa no ue ni ochite mukuro wa naozaseru ga gotoshi

     The head fell onto the hide rug, and the corpse looked as if it were sitting straight...

3. a rotten tree trunk

Derived terms

• 身(むくろ)籠(ごめ) (mukurogome), 躯(むくろ)籠(ごめ) (mukurogome): one's entire body

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
身
しん Grade: 3
on'yomi

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle Chinese 身 (syin, “body, self”).

Noun

身(しん) • (shin) 

1. a body

Usage notes

Seldom used on its own. In isolation, the reading mi is much more common.

Derived terms

• 身(しん)体(たい) (shintai): a body, one's body

---

Korean

Hanja

身 • (sin) (hangeul 신)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 身 (thân)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.