單
Translingual
Traditional | 單 |
---|---|
Shinjitai | 単 |
Simplified | 单 |
Han character
單 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 口口田十 (RRWJ), four-corner 66506, composition ⿱吅⿻日十 or ⿱吅⿻甲一)
Derived characters
Descendants
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 200, character 25
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3993
- Dae Jaweon: page 422, character 9
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 654, character 6
- Unihan data for U+55AE
Chinese
trad. | 單 | |
---|---|---|
simp. | 单 | |
alternative forms | 単 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 單 | |||
---|---|---|---|
Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Old Chinese | |
---|---|
嚲 | *taːlʔ |
癉 | *taːlʔ, *taːls, *taːn, *daːn |
奲 | *taːlʔ, *tʰjaːlʔ |
驒 | *daːl, *daːn, *teːn |
鼉 | *daːl |
磾 | *teːl |
鷤 | *deːl, *deːls, *daːn |
觶 | *tjal, *tjals |
單 | *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans |
鄲 | *taːn |
殫 | *taːn |
簞 | *taːn |
匰 | *taːn |
襌 | *taːn |
彈 | *daːn, *daːns |
貚 | *daːn, *deːn |
撣 | *daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan, *taːnʔ |
潬 | *daːnʔ |
僤 | *daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan |
憚 | *daːns |
樿 | *tjanʔ |
燀 | *tjanʔ, *tʰjan, *tʰjanʔ |
戰 | *tjans |
闡 | *tʰjanʔ |
繟 | *tʰjanʔ |
幝 | *tʰjanʔ |
嘽 | *tʰaːn, *tʰjanʔ |
灛 | *tʰjanʔ |
蟬 | *djan |
禪 | *djan, *djans |
嬋 | *djan |
墠 | *djanʔ |
鱓 | *djanʔ |
蕇 | *teːnʔ |
Pictogram (象形) – a net to catch animals. The two boxes at the top are weights, the middle section is the net, the bottom is the rope.
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *day ~ dan ~ tay ~ tan (“single; one; whole; only”). Cognate with 但 (OC *daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns, “only; but”).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): daan1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): tân
- Eastern Min (BUC): dăng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1te
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄢ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dan
- Wade–Giles: tan1
- Yale: dān
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dan
- Palladius: дань (danʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tän⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: daan1
- Yale: dāan
- Cantonese Pinyin: daan1
- Guangdong Romanization: dan1
- Sinological IPA (key): /taːn⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: tân
- Hakka Romanization System: danˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: dan1
- Sinological IPA: /tan²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dăng
- Sinological IPA (key): /taŋ⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- toaⁿ - vernacular;
- tan - literary.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 單 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /tan⁵⁵/ |
Harbin | /tan⁴⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /tan²¹/ | |
Jinan | /tã²¹³/ | |
Qingdao | /tã²¹³/ | |
Zhengzhou | /tan²⁴/ | |
Xi'an | /tã²¹/ | |
Xining | /tã⁴⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /tan⁴⁴/ | |
Lanzhou | /tɛ̃n³¹/ | |
Ürümqi | /tan⁴⁴/ | |
Wuhan | /tan⁵⁵/ | |
Chengdu | /tan⁵⁵/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡san⁵⁵/ /san²¹³/ 姓 | |
Kunming | /tã̠⁴⁴/ | |
Nanjing | /taŋ³¹/ | |
Hefei | /tæ̃²¹/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /tæ̃¹¹/ |
Pingyao | /tɑŋ¹³/ | |
Hohhot | /tæ̃³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /te⁵³/ |
Suzhou | /te̞⁵⁵/ | |
Hangzhou | /tẽ̞³³/ | |
Wenzhou | /ta³³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /tɛ³¹/ |
Tunxi | /tɔ¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /tan³³/ |
Xiangtan | /tan³³/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /tan⁴²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /tan⁴⁴/ |
Taoyuan | /tɑn²⁴/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /tan⁵³/ |
Nanning | /tan⁵⁵/ | |
Hong Kong | /tan⁵⁵/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /tan⁵⁵/ /tuã⁵⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /taŋ⁴⁴/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /tuiŋ⁵⁴/ 名 /tuiŋ²¹/ 形 | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /tuã³³/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /ʔdaŋ²³/ /ʔdua²³/ |
- Middle Chinese: tan
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*Cə.tˤar/
- (Zhengzhang): /*taːn/
Definitions
- single; individual; solitary
- thin; narrow; faint
- simple; uncomplicated
- (of clothes) unlined
- (mathematics) Short for 單數/单数 (dānshù, “odd”).
- (linguistics) Short for 單數/单数 (dānshù, “singular”).
- cover; bed sheet
- list; register; catalogue
- only; merely; simply
- 別的國度裏怎樣,我不知道。單知道諾威人Hamsun有一本小說叫《飢餓》,粗野的口吻是很多的,但我並不見這一類話。 [MSC, trad.]
- From: 1925, (deprecated template usage) 魯迅, (deprecated template usage) 論「他媽的!」
- Bié de guódù lǐ zěnyàng, wǒ bù zhīdào. Dān zhīdào Nuòwēirén Hamsun yǒu yī běn xiǎoshuō jiào “Jī'è”, cūyě de kǒuwěn shì hěnduō de, dàn wǒ bìngbù jiàn zhè yī lèi huà. [Pinyin]
- I don't know what it's like in other countries. I only know that a Norwegian [named] Hamsun has [written] a novel called Hunger [in which] vulgar speech is plenty, but I have by no means seen this kind of thing [referring to 他媽的/他妈的 (tāmāde)].
别的国度里怎样,我不知道。单知道诺威人Hamsun有一本小说叫《饥饿》,粗野的口吻是很多的,但我并不见这一类话。 [MSC, simp.]
- and; plus
- bill (Classifier: 張/张 c)
- Classifier for cases, deals and businesses.
- a surname
Compounds
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Synonyms
See also
- (only): 只 (zhǐ)
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
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Definitions
Compounds
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Etymology 3
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): sin6
- Eastern Min (BUC): Siêng
- Southern Min
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄕㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: Shàn
- Wade–Giles: Shan4
- Yale: Shàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Shann
- Palladius: Шань (Šanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʂän⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: sin6
- Yale: sihn
- Cantonese Pinyin: sin6
- Guangdong Romanization: xin6
- Sinological IPA (key): /siːn²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: Siêng
- Sinological IPA (key): /siɛŋ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: dzyenX, dzyenH
- Old Chinese
- (Zhengzhang): /*djanʔ/, /*djans/
Definitions
- (~縣) Shan County (a county of Shandong)
- a surname
Etymology 4
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄔㄢˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: chǎn
- Wade–Giles: chʻan3
- Yale: chǎn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chaan
- Palladius: чань (čanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂʰän²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
- (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 嘽/啴 (tān).
- (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 繟/𦈎 (chǎn).
Etymology 5
For pronunciation and definitions of 單 – see 亶 (“sincere, truthful ; etc.”). (This character is a variant form of 亶). |
Etymology 6
For pronunciation and definitions of 單 – see 憚 (“to fear”). (This character is a variant form of 憚). |
Etymology 7
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄢˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhàn
- Wade–Giles: chan4
- Yale: jàn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jann
- Palladius: чжань (čžanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂän⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
- (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 戰/战 (zhàn).
- Used in 單至/单至.
Etymology 8
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tán
- Wade–Giles: tʻan2
- Yale: tán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarn
- Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰän³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
Japanese
単 | |
單 |
Kanji
(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 単)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Readings
Korean
Hanja
單 • (dan, seon) (hangeul 단, 선, revised dan, seon, McCune–Reischauer tan, sŏn, Yale tan, sen)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 單 (đơn, đan, thiền, truyên)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
References
- CJKV characters simplified differently in Japan and China
- Translingual lemmas
- Translingual symbols
- Han script characters
- Han pictograms
- Chinese terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Chinese terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese hanzi
- Mandarin hanzi
- Cantonese hanzi
- Hakka hanzi
- Eastern Min hanzi
- Hokkien hanzi
- Teochew hanzi
- Wu hanzi
- Middle Chinese hanzi
- Old Chinese hanzi
- Chinese adjectives
- Mandarin adjectives
- Cantonese adjectives
- Hakka adjectives
- Eastern Min adjectives
- Hokkien adjectives
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- Middle Chinese adjectives
- Old Chinese adjectives
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese adverbs
- Mandarin adverbs
- Cantonese adverbs
- Hakka adverbs
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- Hokkien adverbs
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- Chinese classifiers
- Mandarin classifiers
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- Hakka classifiers
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- Hokkien classifiers
- Teochew classifiers
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- Chinese proper nouns
- Mandarin proper nouns
- Cantonese proper nouns
- Hakka proper nouns
- Eastern Min proper nouns
- Hokkien proper nouns
- Teochew proper nouns
- Wu proper nouns
- Middle Chinese proper nouns
- Old Chinese proper nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 單
- zh:Mathematics
- Chinese short forms
- zh:Linguistics
- Mandarin terms with quotations
- Chinese nouns classified by 張/张
- Cantonese terms with usage examples
- Chinese surnames
- Chinese terms with obsolete senses
- zh:Counties of China
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- Chinese variant forms
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- Elementary Mandarin
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading たん
- Japanese kanji with goon reading ぜん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading たん
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading せん
- Japanese kanji with kun reading ひとえ
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading ひとへ
- Korean lemmas
- Korean hanja
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese Han characters