居
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]居 (Kangxi radical 44, 尸+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 尸十口 (SJR), four-corner 77264, composition ⿸尸古)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 300, character 30
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7663
- Dae Jaweon: page 597, character 8
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 968, character 4
- Unihan data for U+5C45
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
居 | |
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alternative forms |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 居 | ||
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Spring and Autumn | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Old Chinese | |
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箇 | *kaːls |
個 | *kaːls |
居 | *kɯ, *kas |
橭 | *kaː, *kʰaː |
嫴 | *kaː |
姑 | *kaː |
辜 | *kaː |
酤 | *kaː, *kaːs, *ɡaːʔ |
蛄 | *kaː |
鴣 | *kaː |
沽 | *kaː, *kaːʔ, *kaːs |
盬 | *kaː, *kaːʔ |
古 | *kaːʔ |
罟 | *kaːʔ |
估 | *kaːʔ |
鈷 | *kaːʔ |
詁 | *kaːʔ |
牯 | *kaːʔ |
故 | *kaːs |
固 | *kaːs |
稒 | *kaːɡs |
痼 | *kaːɡs |
錮 | *kaːɡs |
鯝 | *kaːɡs |
棝 | *kaːɡs |
凅 | *kaːɡs |
枯 | *kʰaː |
軲 | *kʰaː |
跍 | *kʰaː |
骷 | *kʰaː |
苦 | *kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs |
葫 | *qʰaː, *ɡaː |
餬 | *ɡaː |
瑚 | *ɡaː |
湖 | *ɡaː |
鶘 | *ɡaː |
猢 | *ɡaː |
醐 | *ɡaː |
糊 | *ɡaː |
箶 | *ɡaː |
蝴 | *ɡaː |
胡 | *ɡaː |
瓳 | *ɡaː |
怙 | *ɡaːʔ |
祜 | *ɡaːʔ |
岵 | *ɡaːʔ |
婟 | *ɡaːʔ, *ɡaːɡs |
楛 | *ɡaːʔ |
据 | *ka |
裾 | *ka |
琚 | *ka |
椐 | *ka, *kas, *kʰa |
鶋 | *ka |
蜛 | *ka |
崌 | *ka |
涺 | *ka |
腒 | *ka, *ɡa |
鋸 | *kas |
倨 | *kas |
踞 | *kas |
涸 | *ɡaːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *kɯ, *kas) : semantic 尸 + phonetic 古 (OC *kaːʔ).
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese
- Hakka
- Northern Min (KCR): gṳ́
- Eastern Min (BUC): gṳ̆
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 1ciu; 1ke
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jyu
- Wade–Giles: chü1
- Yale: jyū
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiu
- Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕy⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: geoi1
- Yale: gēui
- Cantonese Pinyin: goey1
- Guangdong Romanization: gêu1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɵy̯⁵⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: gui1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kui³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kî
- Hakka Romanization System: giˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: gi1
- Sinological IPA: /ki²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: gṳ́
- Sinological IPA (key): /ky⁵⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: gṳ̆
- Sinological IPA (key): /ky⁵⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kir
- Tâi-lô: kir
- IPA (Quanzhou): /kɯ³³/
- (Hokkien: Taipei, Xiamen)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ku
- Tâi-lô: ku
- Phofsit Daibuun: kw
- IPA (Taipei, Xiamen): /ku⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Kaohsiung, Zhangzhou, Zhangpu, Jinjiang)
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: ge1 / gu1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: kṳ / ku
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɯ³³/, /ku³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
Note:
- ge1 - Chaozhou, Shantou, Chenghai, Jieyang;
- gu1 - Chaoyang.
Note: 1ke is vernacular.
- Middle Chinese: kjo
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*k(r)a/, /*k(r)a-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kas/
Definitions
[edit]居
- to live; to dwell; to reside
- to occupy (a place or position); to be located at; to rank
- to stay put; to sit down
- to store up; to stockpile
- to claim
- house; residence; dwelling
- restaurant
- 39th tetragram of the Taixuanjing; "residence" (𝌬)
- a surname
Compounds
[edit]- 不居
- 世居 (shìjū)
- 久居 (jiǔjū)
- 介居
- 仙居 (xiānjū)
- 位居要津
- 僑居/侨居 (qiáojū)
- 僦居 (jiùjū)
- 儕居/侪居
- 內地雜居/内地杂居
- 六一居士
- 共居
- 分別部居/分别部居
- 分居 (fēnjū)
- 分財各居/分财各居
- 別有居心/别有居心
- 功成不居
- 匿居
- 卜居 (bǔjū)
- 同居 (tóngjū)
- 同居人
- 同居各爨
- 哀居 (Āijū)
- 喪居/丧居 (sāngjū)
- 囤積居奇/囤积居奇 (túnjījūqí)
- 土居
- 外僑居留/外侨居留
- 奇貨可居/奇货可居 (qíhuòkějū)
- 姘居 (pīnjū)
- 孀居
- 安居 (ānjū)
- 安居樂業/安居乐业 (ānjūlèyè)
- 定居 (dìngjū)
- 客居
- 宸居
- 家居 (jiājū)
- 寄居 (jìjū)
- 寄居蟹 (jìjūxiè)
- 寓居 (yùjū)
- 寡居
- 對門而居/对门而居
- 尸居餘氣/尸居余气 (shījūyúqì)
- 尸居龍見/尸居龙见
- 居下訕上/居下讪上
- 居不重席
- 居不重茵
- 居中 (jūzhōng)
- 居中調停/居中调停 (jūzhōngtiáotíng)
- 居之不疑
- 居人 (jūrén)
- 居仁由義/居仁由义
- 居今稽古
- 居住 (jūzhù)
- 居住密度
- 居住環境/居住环境
- 居住自由
- 居停
- 居停主人
- 居其大半
- 居功 (jūgōng)
- 居功自傲 (jūgōngzì'ào)
- 居功自恃
- 居喪/居丧 (jūsāng)
- 居址
- 居士 (jūshì)
- 居士屩/居士𪨗
- 居多 (jūduō)
- 居大不易
- 居奇 (jūqí)
- 居孀
- 居安思危 (jū'ānsīwēi)
- 居安慮危/居安虑危
- 居安資深/居安资深
- 居官 (jūguān)
- 居室 (jūshì)
- 居家 (jūjiā)
- 居居
- 居屋 (jūwū)
- 居常
- 居庸關/居庸关 (Jūyōngguān)
- 居延海 (Jūyánhǎi)
- 居心 (jūxīn)
- 居心不良 (jūxīnbùliáng)
- 居心叵測/居心叵测 (jūxīnpǒcè)
- 居心無愧/居心无愧
- 居息
- 居憂/居忧
- 居所 (jūsuǒ)
- 居攝/居摄
- 居易
- 居業/居业
- 居次 (jūcì)
- 居止
- 居正
- 居民 (jūmín)
- 居民樓/居民楼
- 居然 (jūrán)
- 居無定所/居无定所 (jūwúdìngsuǒ)
- 居無求安/居无求安
- 居留 (jūliú)
- 居留權/居留权 (jūliúquán)
- 居留證/居留证 (jūliúzhèng)
- 居積/居积
- 居第
- 居處/居处
- 居貞/居贞
- 居貧/居贫
- 居賣/居卖
- 居里 (jūlǐ)
- 居里夫人
- 居間/居间 (jūjiān)
- 居首 (jūshǒu)
- 居高
- 居高不下 (jūgāobùxià)
- 居高思危
- 居高臨下/居高临下 (jūgāolínxià)
- 屏居 (bǐngjū)
- 屯積居奇/屯积居奇 (túnjījūqí)
- 山居 (shānjū)
- 巖居穴處/岩居穴处
- 巖居谷飲/岩居谷饮
- 巢居穴處/巢居穴处
- 巢木居野
- 帝居
- 平居
- 幽居 (yōujū)
- 康居 (Kāngjū)
- 康居園/康居园 (Kāngjūyuán)
- 張居正/张居正
- 後來居上/后来居上 (hòuláijūshàng)
- 徙居 (xǐjū)
- 恥居人下/耻居人下
- 恥居王後/耻居王后
- 惡濕居下/恶湿居下
- 愚公之居
- 推燥居濕/推燥居湿
- 故居 (gùjū)
- 散居 (sǎnjū)
- 斗居 (dǒujū)
- 新居 (xīnjū)
- 旅居 (lǚjū)
- 村居野店
- 東坡居士/东坡居士
- 析居
- 樂業安居/乐业安居
- 歲月不居/岁月不居
- 比鄰而居/比邻而居
- 民居 (mínjū)
- 水上居民
- 水居
- 泰然居之
- 洞居
- 混居 (hùnjū)
- 深居九重 (shēn jū jiǔchóng)
- 深居簡出/深居简出 (shēnjūjiǎnchū)
- 溫居/温居 (wēnjū)
- 潛居/潜居
- 火居道士
- 煢居/茕居
- 煙火鄰居/烟火邻居
- 燕居
- 爰居
- 狼居胥山
- 獨居/独居 (dújū)
- 獨居監禁/独居监禁
- 甘居中游
- 白居易
- 移居 (yíjū)
- 穴居 (xuéjū)
- 穴居野處/穴居野处
- 窟居
- 窮大失居/穷大失居
- 端居
- 索居 (suǒjū)
- 結夏安居/结夏安居
- 群居 (qúnjū)
- 群居和一
- 群居穴處/群居穴处
- 老鄰居/老邻居
- 聚居 (jùjū)
- 自居 (zìjū)
- 舊居/旧居 (jiùjū)
- 荒居
- 蓬室居
- 蕩析離居/荡析离居
- 薛居正
- 蝸居/蜗居 (wōjū)
- 蝸居蟻垤/蜗居蚁垤
- 蟄居/蛰居 (zhéjū)
- 蠹居棋處/蠹居棋处
- 街坊鄰居/街坊邻居
- 謫居/谪居 (zhéjū)
- 變動不居/变动不居
- 起居 (qǐjū)
- 起居室 (qǐjūshì)
- 起居注
- 躍居/跃居
- 辭尊居卑/辞尊居卑
- 退居 (tuìjū)
- 退居幕後/退居幕后
- 送往事居
- 逸居
- 遷居/迁居 (qiānjū)
- 鄉居/乡居
- 鄰居/邻居 (línjū)
- 里居
- 長居/长居
- 閑居/闲居
- 閒居/闲居 (xiánjū)
- 限制住居
- 隱居/隐居 (yǐnjū)
- 集居
- 雜居/杂居 (zájū)
- 離群索居/离群索居 (líqúnsuǒjū)
- 青蓮居士/青莲居士
- 飲食起居/饮食起居 (yǐnshíqǐjū)
- 香山居士
- 鰥居/鳏居 (guānjū)
- 鳩居/鸠居
- 鳩居鵲巢/鸠居鹊巢 (jiūjūquècháo)
- 鶉居/鹑居
- 齋居蔬食/斋居蔬食
Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ji
- Wade–Giles: chi1
- Yale: jī
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ji
- Palladius: цзи (czi)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕi⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: gei1
- Yale: gēi
- Cantonese Pinyin: gei1
- Guangdong Romanization: géi1
- Sinological IPA (key): /kei̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Middle Chinese: ki
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*ka/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kɯ/
Definitions
[edit]居
- † A modal particle.
Compounds
[edit]Pronunciation 3
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jyù
- Wade–Giles: chü4
- Yale: jyù
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jiuh
- Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕy⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: geoi3
- Yale: geui
- Cantonese Pinyin: goey3
- Guangdong Romanization: gêu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɵy̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
Definitions
[edit]居
- † Alternative form of 倨 (jù, “haughty”)
- 羔裘豹袪、自我人居居。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]
- From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11th – 7th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
- Gāoqiú bàoqū, zì wǒ rén jūjū. [Pinyin]
- Lamb's fur and leopard's cuffs, you use us with unkindness.
References
[edit]- “居”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A01084
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]居
- to sit
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: こ (ko)
- Kan-on: きょ (kyo, Jōyō)
- Kun: いる (iru, 居る, Jōyō)←ゐる (wiru, 居る, historical); おる (oru, 居る); おり (ori, 居り)←をり (wori, 居り, historical); おく (oku, 居く)←をく (woku, 居く, historical); い (i, 居)←ゐ (wi, ゐ, historical); お (o, 居)←を (wo, を, historical)
- Nanori: お (o)←を (wo, historical)
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
居 |
きょ Grade: 5 |
on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 居 (kjo).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
居 |
い Grade: 5 |
kun'yomi |
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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.
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- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading ゐ・る
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading お・り
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading を・り
- Japanese kanji with kun reading お・く
- Japanese kanji with historical kun reading を・く
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading お
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- Japanese kanji with nanori reading お
- Japanese kanji with historical nanori reading を
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