From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also:
U+91D8, 釘
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91D8

[U+91D7]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+91D9]

Translingual

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

(Kangxi radical 167, +2, 10 strokes, cangjie input 金一弓 (CMN), four-corner 81120, composition )

References

[edit]
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1296, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40159
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1799, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4169, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+91D8

Chinese

[edit]

Glyph origin

[edit]
Historical forms of the character
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts

Phono-semantic compound (形聲形声, OC *teːŋ, *teːŋs) : semantic (metal) + phonetic (OC *rteːŋ, *teːŋ).

Some theorize that (OC *teːŋ) originally meant “nail”. After subsequently losing this original meaning, the character was created to represent “nail” with the semantic element (“metal”) added.

Etymology 1

[edit]

Related to (OC *teːŋs, *deːŋs) (Baxter and Sagart, 2014). Pronunciation 2 is a denominal verb derivation of pronunciation 1.

“to die”
Short for 釘蓋钉盖.

Pronunciation 1

[edit]
trad.
simp.
2nd round simp.

Note:
  • deng1 - vernacular;
  • ding1 - literary (rare).
Note: iang1-4 - standalone noun.
Note:
  • tan - vernacular;
  • teng - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (5)
Final () (125)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Baxter teng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/teŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/teŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɛŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tɛjŋ/
Li
Rong
/teŋ/
Wang
Li
/tieŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tieŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dīng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ding1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dīng
Middle
Chinese
‹ teng ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁeŋ/
English nail (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 2379
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*teːŋ/
Definitions
[edit]

  1. (obsolete, rare) gold slab
  2. nail (spike-shaped fastener)
  3. body piercing
      ―  dǎ shédīng  ―  to get a tongue piercing
  4. to monitor; to urge
  5. Alternative form of (dīng, to keep eyes on; to stare at)
  6. Alternative form of (dīng, to sting; to bite)
  7. (literary) lamp
Compounds
[edit]

Pronunciation 2

[edit]
trad.
simp.

Note:
  • deng1 - vernacular;
  • ding1 - literary (rare).
Note:
  • tàn - vernacular (chiefly used in Quanzhou);
  • tèng - literary.

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (5)
Final () (125)
Tone (調) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () IV
Fanqie
Baxter tengH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/teŋH/
Pan
Wuyun
/teŋH/
Shao
Rongfen
/tɛŋH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/tɛjŋH/
Li
Rong
/teŋH/
Wang
Li
/tieŋH/
Bernard
Karlgren
/tieŋH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
dìng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
ding3
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
dìng
Middle
Chinese
‹ tengH ›
Old
Chinese
/*tˁeŋ-s/
English nail (v.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 2393
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*teːŋs/
Definitions
[edit]

  1. to nail; to staple
  2. to sew on
    扣子扣子  ―  dìng kòuzi  ―  to sew on a button
  3. (Cantonese, slang) to die
  4. (obsolete, rare) gold
Synonyms
[edit]
Compounds
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]
For pronunciation and definitions of – see 𠄖.
(This character is a variant form of 𠄖).

References

[edit]

Japanese

[edit]

Kanji

[edit]

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

Readings

[edit]
  • Go-on: ちょう (chō)ちやう (tyau, historical)
  • Kan-on: てい (tei)てぃ (ti, historical)
  • Kun: くぎ (kugi, )

Etymology

[edit]
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja
Kanji in this term
くぎ
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

From Old Japanese. First cited to the Man'yōshu of circa 759 CE, with the phonetic man'yōgana spelling 久枳.[1] From Proto-Japonic *kunki.

Noun

[edit]

(くぎ) (kugi

  1. a nail; a spike made of metal or hard material used to stick something
    (くぎ)()
    kugi o utsu
    to drive in a nail

Derived terms

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ ”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006

Korean

[edit]

Hanja

[edit]

(jeong) (hangeul , revised jeong, McCune–Reischauer chŏng, Yale ceng)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

[edit]

Han character

[edit]

: Hán Nôm readings: đinh, đanh, đính, đĩnh

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.