s'
See also: -s' and Appendix:Variations of "s"
Albanian
Alternative forms
Etymology
- Short for së (“not”) (not to be confused with adjectival article së and conjunction se (“that (as), when”)).
- From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Albanian *tśe, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Proto-Indo-European *kwe (“and”). Cognate to Sanskrit च (ca, “and”) and Gothic nih (“and not”).
Adverb
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1=-
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s' (short for së)
- Unë di. - Unë s'di.
- I know. - I don't know.
- Jam, s'jam. Je, s'je.
- I am, I'm not. You are, you aren't.
Asturian
Pronoun
s'
Catalan
Pronoun
s’
- Contraction of es.
Declension
Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
French
Pronunciation
Conjunction
s’
- Elision of si (“if”) before il or ils.
- S’il vous plaît ― Please / Here you are.
- S’il te plaît. ― Please / Here you are.
- Je ne sais pas s’ils viendront demain.
- I don’t know if they will come tomorrow.
Pronoun
s’ (third person)
- Elision of se before a word beginning with a vowel.
- Il s’habille. ― He’s dressing (himself).
- Il s’aime. ― He loves himself.
- Ils s’aiment.
- They love themselves. / They love each other.
- (informal) Elision of se before a word beginning with a consonant.
- Y s’bouge le cul ou quoi? ― Is he movin’ his ass or what?
Further reading
- “s'”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Italian
Pronoun
s’ (third person)
Usage notes
Elides commonly before i.
See also
Italian personal pronouns
Number | Person | Gender | Nominative | Reflexive | Accusative | Dative | Combined | Disjunctive | Locative | Partitive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | first | — | io | mi, m', -mi | me | me | — | |||
second | — | tu | ti, t', -ti | te | te | |||||
third | m | lui | si2, s', -si | lo, l', -lo | gli, -gli | glie, se2 | lui, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | |
f | lei, Lei1 | la, La1, l', L'1, -la, -La1 | le3, Le1, -le3, -Le1 | lei, Lei1, sé | ||||||
Plural | first | — | noi | ci, c', -ci | ce | noi | — | |||
second | — | voi, Voi4 | vi, Vi4, v', V'4, -vi, -Vi4 | ve | voi, Voi4 | |||||
third | m | loro, Loro1 | si, s', -si | li, Li1, -li, -Li1 | gli, -gli, loro (formal), Loro1 |
glie, se | loro, Loro1, sé | ci, c', vi, v' (formal) |
ne, n' | |
f | le, Le1, -le, -Le1 | |||||||||
1 | Third person pronominal forms used as formal terms of address to refer to second person subjects (with the first letter frequently capitalised as a sign of respect, and to distinguish them from third person subjects). Unlike the singular forms, the plural forms are mostly antiquated terms of formal address in the modern language, and second person plural pronouns are almost always used instead. | |||||||||
2 | Also used as indefinite pronoun meaning “one”, and to form the passive. | |||||||||
3 | Often replaced by gli, -gli in informal language. | |||||||||
4 | Formal (capitalisation optional); in many regions, can refer to just one person (compare with French vous). |
Manx
Alternative forms
Etymology
Particle
s'
- Present/future copula form
- Used to introduce the comparative/superlative form of adjectives
- V'ee yn inneen s'bwaaee 'sy theihll.
- She was the prettiest girl in the world.
- fer s'gilley jeh mooinjey y vadran ― the brightest of the sons of the morning
Usage notes
Only used with adjectives. When nouns are equated with each other, use she.
Neapolitan
Pronoun
s’
Norman
Etymology
Old French se < (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin sē.
Pronoun
s'
- third-person singular reflexive pronoun; oneself
- s'rêjoui ― to enjoy oneself
Old French
Pronoun
s'
Categories:
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Albanian
- Albanian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Albanian lemmas
- Albanian adverbs
- Asturian lemmas
- Asturian pronouns
- Asturian apocopic forms
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan pronouns
- Catalan personal pronouns
- Catalan contractions
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French lemmas
- French conjunctions
- French terms with usage examples
- French pronouns
- French informal terms
- Italian lemmas
- Italian pronouns
- Italian apocopic forms
- Manx lemmas
- Manx particles
- Manx terms with usage examples
- Neapolitan lemmas
- Neapolitan pronouns
- Neapolitan apocopic forms
- Norman terms inherited from Old French
- Norman terms derived from Old French
- Norman terms derived from Latin
- Norman lemmas
- Norman pronouns
- Norman terms with usage examples
- Old French lemmas
- Old French pronouns
- Old French terms with usage examples