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淫

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 婬
淫 U+6DEB, 淫
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6DEB
← 淪
[U+6DEA] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 淬 →
[U+6DEC]

Translingual

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Han character

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淫 (Kangxi radical 85, 水+8, 11 strokes, Cangjie input 水月竹土 (EBHG), four-corner 32114, composition ⿰氵㸒)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 631, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17678
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1033, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1654, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6DEB

Bailang

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Etymology

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From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *k-jim ~ k-jum (“house”). Compare Burmese အိမ် (im, “house”).

Noun

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淫 (*jəm)

  1. house

References

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  • Hill, Nathan W. (2017), “Songs of the Bailang: A New Transcription with Etymological Commentary”, in Bulletin de l'École française d'Extrême-Orient‎[2], volume 103, pages 386—429

Chinese

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trad. 淫
simp. # 淫
alternative forms 滛

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (淫) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
淫 *lɯm
霪 *lɯm
婬 *lɯm

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *lɯm): semantic 氵 (“water”) + phonetic 㸒 (yín).

Etymology 1

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“to soak; excessive; to let loose; licentious”
Related to 婬 (OC *lɯm, “licentious”), 霪 (OC *lɯm, “heavy rain”) and 霖 (OC *ɡ·rɯm, “continued rain”) (Wang, 1982). More allofams possibly include 瀋 (OC *l̥ʰjɯmʔ, “liquid”) and 沉 (OC *l'um, “to submerge”) (Schuessler, 2007). Probably related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *l-(t/d)jam (“to fill, flat”).

Pronunciation 1

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Rime
Character 淫
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 以 (36)
Final (韻) 侵 (139)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 餘針切
Baxter yim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/jiɪm/
Pan
Wuyun 		/jim/
Shao
Rongfen 		/jem/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/jim/
Li
Rong 		/iəm/
Wang
Li 		/jĭĕm/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/i̯əm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yín
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jam4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 淫
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yín
Middle
Chinese 		‹ yim ›
Old
Chinese 		/*N.r[ə]m/
English excess; licentious

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 淫
Reading # 1/1
No. 15291
Phonetic
component 		淫
Rime
group 		侵
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		淫
Old
Chinese 		/*lɯm/
Definitions
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淫

  1. to soak; to permeate; to drench
  2. to paint; to dye; to decorate
  3. to spread; to diffuse; to become prominent
  4. to move around; to shift; to travel
  5. to exceed boundary; to overstep one's authority
  6. excessive; uncontrolled; immoderate; overindulgent
  7. great; sizeable; immense; big
  8. (alt. form 霪) to rain for a prolonged period of time; to have continuous heavy rain
  9. meretricious; flashy; ostentatious
  10. extravagant; squandering; wasteful
  11. evil; wicked; sinful; crafty
  12. in disorder; disorderly; chaotic; disorganised
  13. to confuse or be confused; to make someone dazed and confused
  14. to let someone have his or her own way; to allow to run wild
  15. (alt. form 婬／淫) to indulge in; to overindulge; to abandon oneself in; to be greedy for
  16. (alt. form 婬／淫) to have illicit sexual relations; to commit adultery
  17. (alt. form 婬／淫) licentious; obscene; lewd; lascivious; depraved; pornographic
  18. alternative form of 深 (shēn, “deep; deeply”)
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2

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Definitions
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淫

  1. only used in 淫預／淫预: alternative form of 灩澦 / 滟滪 (“a dangerous pile of rocks in the middle of the Yangtze River in Sichuan”)

Pronunciation 3

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Definitions
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淫

  1. (mythology, historical) Alternative name for 瑤池／瑶池 (Yáochí, “a legendary body of water”).

Etymology 2

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trad. 淫
simp. # 淫

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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淫

  1. (Hokkien) alternative form of 澹 (“wet”)

References

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  • 郭启熹 [Guo, Qixi], editor (2016), “淫”, in 龙岩方言词典 LONGYAN FANGYAN CIDIAN [Dictionary of Longyan dialect] (overall work in Min Nan and Mandarin), Xiamen: 鷺江出版社 [Lujiang Publishing House], →ISBN, page 302.

Japanese

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Kanji

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淫

(Jōyō kanji)

  1. lewd, licentiousness

Readings

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Etymology

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Kanji in this term
淫
いん
Grade: S
on'yomi
Alternative spelling
婬

From Middle Chinese 淫 (MC yim).

Pronunciation

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Affix

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淫(いん) • (in) 

  1. lewd, licentious, obscene, indecent
  2. excessive, go too far

Noun

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淫(いん) • (in) 

  1. (literary) lewdness, licentiousness
    Synonym: 淫ら (midara)
  2. (literary) lust, sexual desire
    Synonyms: 色欲 (shikiyoku), 性欲 (seiyoku)
  3. (literary) semen
    Synonym: 精液 (seieki)

Adjective

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淫(いん) • (in) †-nari

  1. (literary) lewd, obscene, licentious

Inflection

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Classical conjugation of "淫なり" (ナリ活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形) 淫なら いんなら innara
Continuative (連用形) 淫に[1]
淫なり[2]		 いんに
いんなり		 inni
innari
Terminal (終止形) 淫なり いんなり innari
Attributive (連体形) 淫なる いんなる innaru
Realis (已然形) 淫なれ いんなれ innare
Imperative (命令形) 淫なれ いんなれ innare
Key constructions
Negative 淫ならず いんならず innarazu
Contrasting conjunction 淫なれど いんなれど innaredo
Causal conjunction 淫なれば いんなれば innareba
Conditional conjunction 淫ならば いんならば innaraba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge) 淫なりき いんなりき innariki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge) 淫なりけり いんなりけり innarikeri
Adverbial 淫に いんに inni

[1]Without auxiliary verb.
[2]With auxiliary verb.

References

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  1. ^ “淫”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026
  2. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Hanja

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淫 • (eum) (hangeul 음, revised eum, McCune–Reischauer ŭm, Yale um)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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淫: Hán Việt readings: dâm[1][2][3]
淫: Nôm readings: dâm[1][2][4][5][6][7], dầm[1][2][4], dim[1], râm[1], dằm[3], đầm[3], đẫm[3], giầm[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of dâm (“lustful; lecherous”)
  2. chữ Nôm form of dâm (“alternative form of râm (“shady”)”)
  3. chữ Nôm form of dầm (“to soak; to get soaked”)
  4. chữ Nôm form of dim (“used in lim dim (“eyes half-closed because of sleepiness”)”)
  5. chữ Nôm form of râm (“shady (abounding in shade)”)

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Hồ (1976).
  5. ^ Bonet (1899).
  6. ^ Génibrel (1898).
  7. ^ Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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