glass
English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle English glas, from Old English glæs, from Proto-Germanic *glasą, possibly related to Proto-Germanic *glōaną (“to shine”) (compare glow), and ultimately from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰel- (“to shine, shimmer, glow”). Cognate with West Frisian glês, Dutch glas, Low German Glas, German Glas, Swedish glas, Icelandic gler.
Pronunciation
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Audio (UK): (file) - Rhymes: -ɑːs
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Audio (US): (file) - Rhymes: -æs
Noun
glass (countable and uncountable, plural glasses)
- (usually uncountable) An amorphous solid, often transparent substance, usually made by melting silica sand with various additives (for most purposes, a mixture of soda, potash and lime is added).
- The tabletop is made of glass.
- A popular myth is that window glass is actually an extremely viscous liquid.
- 2013 September-October, Henry Petroski, “The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:
- The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.
- (countable, uncountable, by extension) Any amorphous solid (one without a regular crystal lattice).
- Metal glasses, unlike those based on silica, are electrically conductive, which can be either an advantage or a disadvantage, depending on the application.
- (countable) A vessel from which one drinks, especially one made of glass, plastic, or similar translucent or semi-translucent material.
- Fill my glass with milk, please.
- (metonymically) The quantity of liquid contained in such a vessel.
- There is half a glass of milk in each pound of chocolate we produce.
- 1897 December (indicated as 1898), Winston Churchill, chapter II, in The Celebrity: An Episode, New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company; London: Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:
- Here was my chance. I took the old man aside, and two or three glasses of Old Crow launched him into reminiscence.
- 1892, Walter Besant, chapter III, in The Ivory Gate […], New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:
- At half-past nine on this Saturday evening, the parlour of the Salutation Inn, High Holborn, contained most of its customary visitors. […] In former days every tavern of repute kept such a room for its own select circle, a club, or society, of habitués, who met every evening, for a pipe and a cheerful glass.
- (uncountable) Glassware.
- We collected art glass.
- A mirror.
- 1599, Thomas Dekker, Old Fortunatus, Act III, Scene 1, J.M. Dent & Co., 1904, p. 67,[1]
- […] for what lady can abide to love a spruce silken-face courtier, that stands every morning two or three hours learning how to look by his glass, how to speak by his glass, how to sigh by his glass, how to court his mistress by his glass? I would wish him no other plague, but to have a mistress as brittle as glass.
- 1907, Barbara Baynton, edited by Sally Krimmer and Alan Lawson, Human Toll (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton), St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, published 1980, page 216:
- As of old, he took down his portable glass hanging on a nail, and carefully wiping it, replaced it in its case.
- She adjusted her lipstick in the glass.
- 1599, Thomas Dekker, Old Fortunatus, Act III, Scene 1, J.M. Dent & Co., 1904, p. 67,[1]
- A magnifying glass or telescope.
- 1912, The Encyclopædia of Sport & Games
- Haviers, or stags which have been gelded when young, have no horns, as is well known, and in the early part of the stalking season, when seen through a glass, might be mistaken for hummels […]
- 1912, The Encyclopædia of Sport & Games
- (sports) A barrier made of solid, transparent material.
- (basketball, colloquial) The backboard.
- He caught the rebound off the glass.
- (ice hockey) The clear, protective screen surrounding a hockey rink.
- He fired the outlet pass off the glass.
- (basketball, colloquial) The backboard.
- A barometer.
- 1938, Louis MacNeice, “Bagpipe Music”, in The Earth Compels[2], page 59:
- The glass is falling hour by hour, the glass will fall for ever / But if you break the bloody glass you won’t hold up the weather.
- (attributive, in names of species) Transparent or translucent.
- glass frog; glass shrimp; glass worm
- (obsolete) An hourglass.
- c. 1610–1611 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Winters Tale”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene ii]:
- Were my Wiues Liuer / Infected (as her life) ſhe would not liue / The running of one Glaſſe.
- (uncountable, photography, informal) Lenses, considered collectively.
- Her new camera was incompatible with her old one, so she needed to buy new glass.
- (now rare) A pane of glass; a window (especially of a coach or similar vehicle).
- 1790, Jane Austen, ‘Love and Freindship’, Juvenilia:
- [N]o sooner had we entered Holbourn than letting down one of the Front Glasses I enquired of every decent-looking Person that we passed ‘If they had seen my Edward?’
- 1790, Jane Austen, ‘Love and Freindship’, Juvenilia:
Hyponyms
(material):
Derived terms
- carnival glass
- cheval glass
- crown glass
- eyeglasses
- fibreglass, fiberglass
- field glass
- float glass
- glasphalt
- glassblower
- glassblowing
- glass cannon
- glass ceiling
- glasschord
- glass cleaner
- glass cliff
- glass closet
- glasses
- glass eye
- glass-faced
- glassformer
- glass frog
- glass hammer
- glass harmonica
- glass harp
- glasshouse
- glass jaw
- glassless
- glassmaker
- glass octopus (Lua error in Module:parameters at line 828: Parameter "ver" is not used by this template.)
- glass parking lot
Related terms
Descendants
- → Gulf Arabic: قلاص (gḷāṣ)
- → Fiji Hindi: gilaas
- → Indonesian: gelas
- → Japanese: グラス (gurasu)
- → Kikuyu: ngirathi
- → Malay: gelas, ݢلس
Translations
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Verb
glass (third-person singular simple present glasses, present participle glassing, simple past and past participle glassed)
- (transitive) To fit with glass; to glaze.
- (transitive) To enclose in glass.
- c. 1595–1596 (date written), William Shakespeare, “Loues Labour’s Lost”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene i]:
- As Iewels in Christall for some Prince to buy.
Who tendring their own worth from whence they were glast,
- 1664, Robert Boyle, Experiments and Considerations Touching Colours. […], 2nd edition, London: […] Henry Herringman […], published 1670, →OCLC:
- I made the Tryal upon a flat piece of purely White Glass'd Earth
- (transitive) Clipping of fibreglass. To fit, cover, fill, or build, with fibreglass-reinforced resin composite (fiberglass).
- (transitive, UK, colloquial) To strike (someone), particularly in the face, with a drinking glass with the intent of causing injury.
- 1987, John Godber, Bouncers page 19:
- JUDD. Any trouble last night?
- LES. Usual. Couple of punks got glassed.
- 2002, Geoff Doherty, A Promoter's Tale page 72:
- I often mused on what the politicians or authorities would say if they could see for themselves the horrendous consequences of someone who’d been glassed, or viciously assaulted.
- 2003, Mark Sturdy, Pulp page 139:
- One night he was in this nightclub in Sheffield and he got glassed by this bloke who’d been just let out of prison that day.
- 1987, John Godber, Bouncers page 19:
- (transitive, science fiction) To bombard an area with such intensity (nuclear bomb, fusion bomb, etc) as to melt the landscape into glass.
- 2012, Halo: First Strike, page 190:
- “The Covenant don’t ‘miss’ anything when they glass a planet,” the Master Chief replied.
- 2012, Halo: First Strike, page 190:
- (transitive) To view through an optical instrument such as binoculars.
- 2000, Ben D. Mahaffey, 50 Years of Hunting and Fishing, page 95:
- Andy took his binoculars and glassed the area below.
- (transitive) To smooth or polish (leather, etc.), by rubbing it with a glass burnisher.
- (archaic, reflexive) To reflect; to mirror.
- 1856, John Lothrop Motley, The Rise of the Dutch Republic. A History. […], volumes (please specify |volume=I to III), New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, […], →OCLC:
- Happy to glass themselves in so brilliant a mirror.
- 1818, Lord Byron, “Canto IV”, in Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage. Canto the Fourth, London: John Murray, […], →OCLC, stanza LXXXIII:
- Where the Almighty's form glasses itself in tempests.
- (transitive) To make glassy.
- 2018, Harry Leon Wilson, Ruggles of Red Gap, →ISBN, page 199:
- Not only were his eyes averted from mine, but they were glassed to an uncanny degree.
- (intransitive) To become glassy.
- 2012, Keith Duggan, Cliffs Of Insanity: A Winter On Ireland's Big Waves (page 32)
- Bourez had timed it perfectly: a wind that was forecast for the morning began to stir just after his arrival and the sea glassed off for a brief period before the waves grew bigger and bigger.
- 2012, Keith Duggan, Cliffs Of Insanity: A Winter On Ireland's Big Waves (page 32)
Translations
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Anagrams
Manx
Etymology 1
From Old Irish glas (“blue-grey, green”), from Proto-Celtic *glastos.
Adjective
glass
- green (of nature), verdant
- grey (of animal), ashen (colour)
- soft, pale, pasty
- raw, unfledged, sappy
- callow (of youth)
Derived terms
See also
bane | lheeah | doo |
jiarg; feer-yiarg | jiarg-bwee; dhone | bwee; bane-wuigh |
geayney, glass | ||
gorrym-ghlass, speyr-ghorrym | gorrym | |
plooreenagh | jiarg gorrym | jiarg-bane |
Etymology 2
From Old Irish glas (“lock, clasp”).
Noun
glass m (genitive singular glish or gleish, plural glish or gleish)
- lock
- Hooar eh y glass er y dorrys roish. ― He found himself locked out.
- T'eh fo glass. ― He is behind bars.
- Ta glass er my hengey. ― My lips are sealed.
- Ta glass y dorrys er y çheu sthie. ― The door locks on the inside.
- Ta'n ogher shoh gentreil y glass. ― This key goes in the lock.
- Vrish ad y glass. ― They forced the lock.
Verb
glass (verbal noun glassey)
Mutation
Manx mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
glass | ghlass | nglass |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Middle English
Noun
glass
- Alternative form of glas
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
From Middle Low German glas.
Pronunciation
Noun
glass n (definite singular glasset, indefinite plural glass, definite plural glassa or glassene)
- glass (a hard and transparent material)
- a glass (container for drink made of glass)
- et glass vin - a glass of wine
- a small container, such as a jar or bottle
Derived terms
See also
- glas (Nynorsk)
References
- “glass” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Swedish
Alternative forms
- glace (archaic)
Etymology
Borrowed from French glace, from Old French glace, from Vulgar Latin *glacia, reformation (with change of declension) of Latin glacies, ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“cold”).
Pronunciation
Noun
glass c
Declension
Declension of glass | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | glass | glassen | glassar | glassarna |
Genitive | glass | glassens | glassars | glassarnas |
Derived terms
References
Anagrams
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms inherited from Old English
- English terms derived from Old English
- English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English terms with audio links
- Rhymes:English/ɑːs
- Rhymes:English/ɑːs/1 syllable
- Rhymes:English/æs
- Rhymes:English/æs/1 syllable
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English uncountable nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with usage examples
- English terms with quotations
- English metonyms
- en:Sports
- en:Basketball
- English colloquialisms
- en:Ice hockey
- English terms with obsolete senses
- en:Photography
- English informal terms
- English terms with rare senses
- English verbs
- English transitive verbs
- English clippings
- British English
- en:Science fiction
- English terms with archaic senses
- English reflexive verbs
- English intransitive verbs
- en:Materials
- en:Vessels
- Manx terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Manx terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰelh₃-
- Manx terms inherited from Old Irish
- Manx terms derived from Old Irish
- Manx terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Manx terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Manx lemmas
- Manx adjectives
- Manx terms with usage examples
- Manx nouns
- Manx masculine nouns
- Manx verbs
- gv:Colors
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Middle Low German
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål neuter nouns
- Swedish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Swedish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gel-
- Swedish terms borrowed from French
- Swedish terms derived from French
- Swedish terms derived from Old French
- Swedish terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- Swedish terms derived from Latin
- Swedish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Swedish terms with audio links
- Swedish lemmas
- Swedish nouns
- Swedish common-gender nouns
- Swedish countable nouns
- Swedish uncountable nouns