abate

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See also: Abate, abaté, abâte, abatē, and abatė

English

Template:wikisource1911Enc

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 229: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "RP" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /əˈbeɪt/
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 229: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "GenAm" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /əˈbeɪt/
  • Rhymes: -eɪt
  • Audio:(file)

Etymology 1

From Middle English abaten, borrowed from Old French abatre (“to beat down”) (possibly via Middle French), from Late Latin abbatto, from ab- (“away”) + batto, from Latin battuere (“to beat”). Cognate to modern French abattre.

Verb

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  1. (transitive, obsolete outside law) To put an end to; to cause to cease. [attested since about 1150 to 1350][1]
    to abate a nuisance
  2. (intransitive) To become null and void. [attested since the late 15th century][1]
    The writ has abated.
  3. (transitive, law) To nullify; make void. [attested since the late 15th century][1]
    to abate a writ
  4. (transitive, obsolete) To humble; to lower in status; to bring someone down physically or mentally. [attested from around 1150 to 1350 until the mid 1600s][1]
    • (Can we date this quote by Geoffrey Chaucer and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
      The hyer that they were in this present lyf, the moore shulle they be abated and defouled in helle.
  5. (intransitive, obsolete) To be humbled; to be brought down physically or mentally. [attested from around 1150 to 1350 until the mid 1600s][1]
  6. (transitive, obsolete) To curtail; to deprive. [attested from around 1350 to 1470 until the mid 1800s][1]
    Order restrictions and prohibitions to abate an emergency situation.
  7. (transitive) To reduce in amount, size, or value. [attested since 1325][2][1]
    Legacies are liable to be abated entirely or in proportion, upon a deficiency of assets.
  8. (intransitive) To decrease in size, value, or amount. [attested since 1325][2]
  9. (transitive) To moderate; to lessen in force, intensity, to subside. [attested since around 1150 to 1350][1]
  10. (intransitive) To decrease in intensity or force; to subside. [attested since around 1150 to 1350][1]
  11. (transitive) To deduct or omit. [attested since around 1350 to 1470][1]
    We will abate this price from the total.
    • 1845, Thomas Fuller, The Church History of Britain‎[1], volume 3, page 100:
      Allowing nine thousand parishes (abating the odd hundreds) in England and Wales […]
  12. (transitive) To bar or except. [attested since the late 1500s][1]
    • (Can we date this quote by Samuel Johnson and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
      Abating his brutality, he was a very good master.
  13. (transitive) To cut away or hammer down, in such a way as to leave a figure in relief, as a sculpture, or in metalwork.
  14. (transitive, obsolete) To dull the edge or point of; to blunt. [attested from the mid 1500s till the late 1600s][1]
  15. (transitive, archaic) To destroy, or level to the ground. [attested since around 1350 to 1470][1]
    • 1542, Edward Hall, The Union of the Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre and York:
      The kynge of Scottes planted his siege before the castell of Norham, and sore abated the walls.
Synonyms
Antonyms
Derived terms
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Noun

abate (plural abates) (obsolete)

  1. abatement. [from around 1400 until the late 1600s][1]

Etymology 2

From Anglo-Norman abatre, an alteration of enbatre, from Old French en + batre (“to beat”).[2]

Verb

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  1. (intransitive, law) to enter a tenement without permission after the owner has died and before the heir takes possession. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.][1]

Etymology 3

From Italian abate, from Latin abbās, abbātis, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).

Alternative forms

Noun

abate (plural abates)

  1. an Italian abbot, or other member of the clergy. [First attested in the early 18th century.][1]

References

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “abate”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 2.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Elliott K. Dobbie, C. William Dunmore, Robert K. Barnhart, et al. (editors), Chambers Dictionary of Etymology (Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2004 [1998], →ISBN), page 2

Anagrams

Italian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin abbātem, accusative form of abbās, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /aˈba.te/, [äˈbäːt̪e̞]
  • audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: a‧bà‧te

Noun

abate m (plural abati, feminine badessa)

  1. abbot
    • 1321, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Purgatorio [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, published 2001, Canto XVIII, page 272, lines 118–120:
      «Io fui abate in San Zeno a Verona ¶ sotto lo 'mperio del buon Barbarossa, ¶ di cui dolente ancor Milan ragiona.»
      «I was San Zeno's abbot at Verona under the empire of good Barbarossa of whom still sorrowing Milan holds discourse.»

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Albanian: abat
  • → Belarusian: абат (abat)
  • → Bulgarian: абат (abat)
  • → English: abate
  • → Romanian: abate
  • → Russian: аббат (abbat)
  • → Ukrainian: абат (abat)

Further reading

Anagrams

Latvian

 abate on Latvian Wikipedia
Abate

Etymology

From abats (“abbott”) +‎ -e (fem.).

Pronunciation

Noun

abate f (5th declension, masculine form: abats)

  1. abbess (the female superior of a Catholic abbey or nunnery)
    abate ir katoļu sieviešu klostera priekšniece ― an abbess is the leader of a Catholic nunnery (lit. women's monastery)
    abates ievēlēšana notiek bīskapa vai viņa pilnvarotā pārstāvja klātbūtnē ― the selection of an abbess occurs in the presence of a bishop or of his authorized representative

Declension

Declension of abate (5th declension)
singular (vienskaitlis) plural (daudzskaitlis)
nominative (nominatīvs) abate abates
accusative (akuzatīvs) abati abates
genitive (ģenitīvs) abates abašu
dative (datīvs) abatei abatēm
instrumental (instrumentālis) abati abatēm
locative (lokatīvs) abatē abatēs
vocative (vokatīvs) abate abates

Further reading

Lithuanian

Pronunciation 1

Noun

abatè

  1. locative singular of abatas
  2. instrumental singular of abatė

Pronunciation 2

Noun

abãte

  1. vocative singular of abatas
  2. vocative singular of abatė

Middle English

Etymology

From Norman abatre.

Verb

abate

  1. to beat down, bring down, calm down

Novial

Etymology

From Italian abate, from Latin abbās, abbātis, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).

Noun

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  1. abbot or abbess

Portuguese

Verb

abate

  1. Template:pt-verb-form-of

Romanian

Etymology 1

From Vulgar Latin *abbatere, present active infinitive of *abbatō, *abbatuō, from Latin battuō.

Verb

a abate (third-person singular present abate, past participle abătut) 3rd conj.

  1. to stray (often figuratively in a moral sense), derogate, deviate, divert from, digress
    Synonyms: devia, îndepărta
  2. to change paths, swerve from, wander from
  3. (reflexive) to stop (going a certain way)
    Synonym: opri
  4. to dissuade
  5. to knock down
    Synonyms: dărâma, da jos
Conjugation
    conjugation of abate (third conjugation, past participle in -ut)
infinitive a abate
gerund abătând
past participle abătut
number singular plural
person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
indicative eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
present abat abați abate abatem abateți abat
imperfect abăteam abăteai abătea abăteam abăteați abăteau
simple perfect abătui abătuși abătu abăturăm abăturăți abătură
pluperfect abătusem abătuseși abătuse abătuserăm abătuserăți abătuseră
subjunctive eu tu el/ea noi voi ei/ele
present să abat să abați să abată să abatem să abateți să abată
imperative — tu — — voi —
affirmative abate abateți
negative nu abate nu abateți

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Italian abate, from Latin abbās, abbātis, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).

Noun

abate m (plural abați)

  1. abbot

Spanish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /aˈbate/ [aˈβ̞a.t̪e]

Verb

abate

  1. Third-person singular (él, ella, also used with usted?) present indicative form of abatir.
  2. Informal second-person singular (tú) affirmative imperative form of abatir.
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