abate
English
Pronunciation
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "RP" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /əˈbeɪt/
- Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "GenAm" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /əˈbeɪt/
- Rhymes: -eɪt
Audio: (file)
Etymology 1
From Middle English abaten, borrowed from Old French abatre (“to beat down”) (possibly via Middle French), from Late Latin abbatto, from ab- (“away”) + batto, from Latin battuere (“to beat”). Cognate to modern French abattre.
Verb
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- (transitive, obsolete outside law) To put an end to; to cause to cease. [attested since about 1150 to 1350][1]
- to abate a nuisance
- (intransitive) To become null and void. [attested since the late 15th century][1]
- The writ has abated.
- (transitive, law) To nullify; make void. [attested since the late 15th century][1]
- to abate a writ
- (transitive, obsolete) To humble; to lower in status; to bring someone down physically or mentally. [attested from around 1150 to 1350 until the mid 1600s][1]
- (Can we date this quote by Geoffrey Chaucer and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
- The hyer that they were in this present lyf, the moore shulle they be abated and defouled in helle.
- (Can we date this quote by Geoffrey Chaucer and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
- (intransitive, obsolete) To be humbled; to be brought down physically or mentally. [attested from around 1150 to 1350 until the mid 1600s][1]
- (transitive, obsolete) To curtail; to deprive. [attested from around 1350 to 1470 until the mid 1800s][1]
- Order restrictions and prohibitions to abate an emergency situation.
- 1605, William Shakespeare, King Lear, II.ii:
- She hath abated me of half my train.
- (transitive) To reduce in amount, size, or value. [attested since 1325][2][1]
- Legacies are liable to be abated entirely or in proportion, upon a deficiency of assets.
- Template:RQ:Authorized Version
- His eye was not dim, nor his natural force abated.
- (intransitive) To decrease in size, value, or amount. [attested since 1325][2]
- (transitive) To moderate; to lessen in force, intensity, to subside. [attested since around 1150 to 1350][1]
- 1597, Francis Bacon Essays or Counsels, Civil and Morall:
- Not that they feel it so, but only to abate the edge of envy.
- 1855, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, Part 3, page 267:
- The fury of Glengarry […] rapidly abated.
- 1597, Francis Bacon Essays or Counsels, Civil and Morall:
- (intransitive) To decrease in intensity or force; to subside. [attested since around 1150 to 1350][1]
- c. 1719 Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe:
- […] in the morning, the wind having abated overnight, the sea was calm, […]
- c. 1719 Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe:
- (transitive) To deduct or omit. [attested since around 1350 to 1470][1]
- We will abate this price from the total.
- 1845, Thomas Fuller, The Church History of Britain[1], volume 3, page 100:
- Allowing nine thousand parishes (abating the odd hundreds) in England and Wales […]
- (transitive) To bar or except. [attested since the late 1500s][1]
- (Can we date this quote by Samuel Johnson and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
- Abating his brutality, he was a very good master.
- (Can we date this quote by Samuel Johnson and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
- (transitive) To cut away or hammer down, in such a way as to leave a figure in relief, as a sculpture, or in metalwork.
- (transitive, obsolete) To dull the edge or point of; to blunt. [attested from the mid 1500s till the late 1600s][1]
- (transitive, archaic) To destroy, or level to the ground. [attested since around 1350 to 1470][1]
- 1542, Edward Hall, The Union of the Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre and York:
- The kynge of Scottes planted his siege before the castell of Norham, and sore abated the walls.
- 1542, Edward Hall, The Union of the Noble and Illustre Famelies of Lancastre and York:
Synonyms
- (bring down or reduce): lessen; diminish; contract; moderate; cut short; decrease; lower; suppress; terminate; remove; remit; slacken
- (diminish in force or intensity): diminish; subside; decline; wane; ebb; mitigate; assuage; temper; alleviate; relax
- (bring someone down): humble; depress; appease; pacify; soothe; soften; tranquilize
- (come to naught): fall through; fail
Antonyms
- augment; accelerate; aggravate; amplify; continue; develop; enhance; enlarge; extend; foment; increase; intensify; magnify; prolong; raise; rise; revive
Derived terms
Related terms
Translations
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Noun
abate (plural abates) (obsolete)
Etymology 2
From Anglo-Norman abatre, an alteration of enbatre, from Old French en + batre (“to beat”).[2]
Verb
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- (intransitive, law) to enter a tenement without permission after the owner has died and before the heir takes possession. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.][1]
Etymology 3
From Italian abate, from Latin abbās, abbātis, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).
Alternative forms
Noun
abate (plural abates)
References
- “abate”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.
- “abate”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “abate”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 2.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Elliott K. Dobbie, C. William Dunmore, Robert K. Barnhart, et al. (editors), Chambers Dictionary of Etymology (Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd, 2004 [1998], →ISBN), page 2
Anagrams
Italian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Latin abbātem, accusative form of abbās, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).
Pronunciation
Noun
abate m (plural abati, feminine badessa)
- abbot
- 1321, Dante Alighieri, La divina commedia: Purgatorio [The Divine Comedy: Purgatory] (paperback), Bompiani, published 2001, Canto XVIII, page 272, lines 118–120:
- «Io fui abate in San Zeno a Verona ¶ sotto lo 'mperio del buon Barbarossa, ¶ di cui dolente ancor Milan ragiona.»
- «I was San Zeno's abbot at Verona under the empire of good Barbarossa of whom still sorrowing Milan holds discourse.»
Derived terms
- abatonzolo (“pejorative”)
Related terms
Descendants
- → Albanian: abat
- → Belarusian: абат (abat)
- → Bulgarian: абат (abat)
- → English: abate
- → Romanian: abate
- → Russian: аббат (abbat)
- → Ukrainian: абат (abat)
Further reading
Anagrams
Latvian
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/9d/Mother_Abbess_Placida_von_Eichendorff.jpg)
Etymology
From abats (“abbott”) + -e (fem.).
Pronunciation
Noun
abate f (5th declension, masculine form: abats)
- abbess (the female superior of a Catholic abbey or nunnery)
- abate ir katoļu sieviešu klostera priekšniece ― an abbess is the leader of a Catholic nunnery (lit. women's monastery)
- abates ievēlēšana notiek bīskapa vai viņa pilnvarotā pārstāvja klātbūtnē ― the selection of an abbess occurs in the presence of a bishop or of his authorized representative
Declension
Related terms
Further reading
- abate at tezaurs.lv
Lithuanian
Pronunciation 1
Noun
abatè
Pronunciation 2
Noun
abãte
Middle English
Etymology
Verb
abate
- to beat down, bring down, calm down
Novial
Etymology
From Italian abate, from Latin abbās, abbātis, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).
Noun
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Related terms
Portuguese
Verb
abate
Romanian
Etymology 1
From Vulgar Latin *abbatere, present active infinitive of *abbatō, *abbatuō, from Latin battuō.
Verb
a abate (third-person singular present abate, past participle abătut) 3rd conj.
- to stray (often figuratively in a moral sense), derogate, deviate, divert from, digress
- to change paths, swerve from, wander from
- (reflexive) to stop (going a certain way)
- Synonym: opri
- to dissuade
- to knock down
Conjugation
infinitive | a abate | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | abătând | ||||||
past participle | abătut | ||||||
number | singular | plural | |||||
person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |
indicative | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | abat | abați | abate | abatem | abateți | abat | |
imperfect | abăteam | abăteai | abătea | abăteam | abăteați | abăteau | |
simple perfect | abătui | abătuși | abătu | abăturăm | abăturăți | abătură | |
pluperfect | abătusem | abătuseși | abătuse | abătuserăm | abătuserăți | abătuseră | |
subjunctive | eu | tu | el/ea | noi | voi | ei/ele | |
present | să abat | să abați | să abată | să abatem | să abateți | să abată | |
imperative | — | tu | — | — | voi | — | |
affirmative | abate | abateți | |||||
negative | nu abate | nu abateți |
Related terms
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Italian abate, from Latin abbās, abbātis, from Ancient Greek ἀββᾶς (abbâs), from Aramaic אבא (’abbā, “father”).
Noun
abate m (plural abați)
Spanish
Pronunciation
Verb
abate
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