局
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]局 (Kangxi radical 44, 尸+4, 7 strokes, cangjie input 尸尸口 (SSR), four-corner 77227, composition ⿸尸⿹𠃌口)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 300, character 22
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7653
- Dae Jaweon: page 596, character 15
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 967, character 8
- Unihan data for U+5C40
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
局 |
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Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 局 | |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Ideogrammic (會意/会意) and phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ɡoɡ) : 尸 (“person bending over”) + phonetic 句 (OC *koː, *koːs, *kos, *ɡo, “bent; crooked”)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): guk6 / guk6-2
- Gan (Wiktionary): jiuh7
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khiu̍k
- Eastern Min (BUC): guŏk
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 8jioq; 8jiuq
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄩˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jyú
- Wade–Giles: chü2
- Yale: jyú
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jyu
- Palladius: цзюй (czjuj)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕy³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: guk6 / guk6-2
- Yale: guhk / gúk
- Cantonese Pinyin: guk9 / guk9-2
- Guangdong Romanization: gug6 / gug6-2
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʊk̚²/, /kʊk̚²⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: jiuh7
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiuʔ²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khiu̍k
- Hakka Romanization System: kiug
- Hagfa Pinyim: kiug6
- Sinological IPA: /kʰi̯uk̚⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: guŏk
- Sinological IPA (key): /kuoʔ⁵/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- kio̍k - literary (“classifier; without fail; interest; worth; narrow; to be limited; to force”);
- kia̍k/ke̍k - vernacular.
- Dialectal data
Variety | Location | 局 |
---|---|---|
Mandarin | Beijing | /t͡ɕy³⁵/ |
Harbin | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ | |
Tianjin | /t͡ɕy⁴⁵/ | |
Jinan | /t͡ɕy⁴²/ | |
Qingdao | /t͡ɕy⁴²/ | |
Zhengzhou | /t͡ɕy⁴²/ | |
Xi'an | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ | |
Xining | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ | |
Yinchuan | /t͡ɕy¹³/ | |
Lanzhou | /t͡ɕy⁵³/ | |
Ürümqi | /t͡ɕy⁵¹/ | |
Wuhan | /t͡ɕy²¹³/ | |
Chengdu | /t͡ɕy³¹/ | |
Guiyang | /t͡ɕiu²¹/ | |
Kunming | /t͡ɕi³¹/ | |
Nanjing | /t͡ɕyʔ⁵/ | |
Hefei | /t͡ɕyəʔ⁵/ | |
Jin | Taiyuan | /t͡ɕyəʔ⁵⁴/ |
Pingyao | /t͡ɕyʌʔ⁵³/ | |
Hohhot | /t͡ɕy³¹/ | |
Wu | Shanghai | /d͡ʑioʔ¹/ /d͡ʑyɪʔ¹/ |
Suzhou | /d͡ʑioʔ³/ | |
Hangzhou | /d͡zz̩ʷəʔ²/ | |
Wenzhou | /d͡ʑo²¹³/ | |
Hui | Shexian | /t͡ɕʰiu²²/ |
Tunxi | /t͡ɕʰiu¹¹/ | |
Xiang | Changsha | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ |
Xiangtan | /t͡ɕy²⁴/ | |
Gan | Nanchang | /t͡ɕʰiuʔ²/ |
Hakka | Meixian | /kʰiuk̚⁵/ |
Taoyuan | /kʰiuk̚⁵⁵/ | |
Cantonese | Guangzhou | /kok̚²/ |
Nanning | /kuk̚²²/ | |
Hong Kong | /kuk̚²/ | |
Min | Xiamen (Hokkien) | /kiɔk̚⁵/ /kik̚⁵/ |
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) | /kuoʔ⁵/ | |
Jian'ou (Northern Min) | /ky⁴⁴/ | |
Shantou (Teochew) | /kek̚⁵/ | |
Haikou (Hainanese) | /xɔk̚³/ |
- Middle Chinese: gjowk
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*N-kʰ(r)ok/, /*[ɡ](r)ok/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ɡoɡ/
Definitions
[edit]局
- † bent; crooked
- † to bend
- to restrict; to limit
- † to force; to coerce
- narrow; restricted
- † near; close
- † breadth of mind; tolerance
- † neighbour
- part; component
- arrangement; distribution; structure; organisation
- situation; circumstances
- event
- office; bureau
- shop; store
- trap; trick
- feast; banquet; gathering
- chessboard
- Classifier for instances of boardgames and ballgames: game ⇒ all nouns using this classifier
- (Mainland China Hokkien) without fail; certainly; surely; definitely; inevitably
- (Quanzhou and Xiamen Hokkien) interest; fun (said with 有 (ū) and 無 (bô))
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien) worth; profit; relative benefit (said with 有 (ū) and 無 (bô))
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien) narrow; cramped
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to be limited; to be confined
- (Zhangzhou Hokkien) to force; to compel
Synonyms
[edit]- (interest):
- (without fail):
- (narrow):
- (to limit):
- 主宰 (zhǔzǎi)
- 主張/主张 (zhǔzhāng) (archaic)
- 克制 (kèzhì)
- 克治 (kèzhì) (literary)
- 制禦/制御 (zhìyù) (literary)
- 制約/制约 (zhìyuē)
- 君 (jūn) (literary)
- 執掌/执掌 (zhízhǎng)
- 壓制/压制 (yāzhì)
- 局限 (júxiàn)
- 左右 (zuǒyòu)
- 把
- 抑制 (yìzhì)
- 把持 (bǎchí)
- 把控 (bǎkòng)
- 把攬/把揽 (bǎlǎn)
- 抵制 (dǐzhì)
- 拘束 (jūshù)
- 按 (àn)
- 按捺 (ànnà) (usually in the negative)
- 控 (literary, or in compounds)
- 控制 (kòngzhì)
- 掌控 (zhǎngkòng)
- 掌握 (zhǎngwò)
- 提控 (tíkòng) (literary)
- 撥弄/拨弄 (bōnòng)
- 撙節/撙节 (zǔnjié)
- 操控 (cāokòng)
- 操縱/操纵 (cāozòng)
- 擺佈/摆布 (bǎibù)
- 擺治/摆治 (bǎizhì) (regional)
- 支配 (zhīpèi)
- 收斂/收敛 (shōuliǎn)
- 束 (literary, or in compounds)
- 束縛/束缚 (shùfù)
- 柄 (literary, or in compounds)
- 框 (kuàng)
- 禁錮/禁锢 (jìngù) (figurative)
- 積壓/积压 (jīyā) (figurative)
- 節制/节制 (jiézhì)
- 節撙/节撙 (Quanzhou Hokkien, Xiamen Hokkien)
- 管制 (guǎnzhì)
- 管束 (guǎnshù)
- 約束/约束 (yuēshù)
- 統御/统御 (tǒngyù) (literary)
- 統治/统治 (tǒngzhì)
- 羈束/羁束 (jīshù) (literary)
- 裁 (cái) (literary, or in compounds)
- 遏抑 (èyì) (literary)
- 鎮/镇 (zhèn)
- 限 (xiàn)
- 限乏 (Xiamen Hokkien)
- 限制 (xiànzhì)
- 駕/驾 (jià)
- 駕馭/驾驭 (jiàyù) (figurative)
Compounds
[edit]- 三振出局 (sānzhèn chūjú)
- 不了之局
- 不識局面/不识局面
- 世局 (shìjú)
- 中信局
- 中局 (zhōngjú)
- 中情局 (Zhōngqíngjú)
- 亂局/乱局 (luànjú)
- 了局 (liǎojú)
- 假局子
- 僵局 (jiāngjú)
- 全局 (quánjú)
- 公估局
- 公安局 (gōng'ānjú)
- 公賣局/公卖局
- 公路局
- 最高當局/最高当局
- 冷局
- 出局 (chūjú)
- 分局 (fēnjú)
- 刑事局
- 勞保局/劳保局
- 勝局/胜局 (shèngjú)
- 博局
- 危局 (wēijú)
- 叫二排局
- 叫局
- 合局
- 和局 (héjú)
- 器局
- 四司六局
- 困局 (kùnjú)
- 國安局/国安局
- 國稅局/国税局
- 國貿局/国贸局
- 大局 (dàjú)
- 大局已定
- 天仙局
- 定局 (dìngjú)
- 寶泉局/宝泉局
- 寶源局/宝源局
- 對局/对局
- 局主
- 局促 (júcù)
- 局促一隅
- 局促不安
- 局內人/局内人 (júnèirén)
- 局勢/局势 (júshì)
- 局外
- 局外人 (júwàirén)
- 局子
- 局家
- 局度
- 局戲/局戏
- 局方
- 局本
- 局束
- 局段
- 局票
- 局賭/局赌
- 局蹐不安
- 局部 (júbù)
- 局部雨
- 局量
- 局限 (júxiàn)
- 局面 (júmiàn)
- 局騙/局骗
- 工務局/工务局
- 工業局/工业局
- 布局 (bùjú)
- 平局 (píngjú)
- 建設局/建设局
- 弄局
- 成局
- 戰局/战局 (zhànjú)
- 打遲局/打迟局
- 承局
- 招商局
- 拘局
- 捐局
- 排局
- 攪局/搅局 (jiǎojú)
- 支局 (zhījú)
- 政局 (zhèngjú)
- 敗局/败局 (bàijú)
- 教育局 (jiàoyùjú)
- 散局
- 新局 (xīnjú)
- 新局面 (xīnjúmiàn)
- 明局
- 時局/时局 (shíjú)
- 曲局
- 書局/书局 (shūjú)
- 格局 (géjú)
- 棋局
- 櫃坊賭局/柜坊赌局
- 殘局/残局 (cánjú)
- 民信局
- 水利局
- 水局
- 決勝局/决胜局
- 法制局
- 活局子
- 港務局/港务局 (gǎngwùjú)
- 無局/无局
- 牌局
- 物資局/物资局
- 環保局/环保局
- 生藥局/生药局
- 當局/当局 (dāngjú)
- 當局者迷/当局者迷
- 發球局/发球局
- 知局
- 短局
- 短局促
- 社會局/社会局
- 移民局 (yímínjú)
- 糊弄局
- 糧食局/粮食局
- 終局/终局 (zhōngjú)
- 終局裁判/终局裁判
- 結局/结局 (jiéjú)
- 網路書局/网路书局
- 置身局外
- 美人局
- 胡弄局
- 茶局子
- 落局
- 藥局/药局 (yàojú)
- 蜷局 (quánjú)
- 行動郵局/行动邮局
- 衛生局/卫生局
- 裝局/装局
- 觀光局/观光局
- 觀局/观局
- 設局/设局 (shèjú)
- 識局/识局
- 警察局 (jǐngchájú)
- 警局 (jǐngjú)
- 變局/变局 (biànjú)
- 財政局/财政局
- 賭局/赌局
- 走局
- 起功局
- 路局
- 通觀全局/通观全局
- 遞局/递局
- 郵局/邮局 (yóujú)
- 郵政局/邮政局 (yóuzhèngjú)
- 鏢局/镖局 (biāojú)
- 鐵路局/铁路局
- 鑄幣局/铸币局
- 長局/长局 (chángjú)
- 開局/开局 (kāijú)
- 電信局/电信局 (diànxìnjú)
- 電報局/电报局 (diànbàojú)
- 電腦書局/电脑书局
- 顧全大局/顾全大局 (gùquándàjú)
- 飯局/饭局 (fànjú)
- 騙局/骗局 (piànjú)
- 鹽務總局/盐务总局
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]局
- bureau
- board
- office
Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Noun
[edit]- a court lady
- a room in a palace, especially for a lady
Etymology 2
[edit]Noun
[edit]- bureau, department
- channel such as on television
Counter
[edit]- counter for buildings or operators suffixed "局" (e.g. 郵便局 (yūbin-kyoku, “post office”), テレビ局 (terebi-kyoku, “television station”))
- 2019 February 28, “<平成 この日、(番外)>郵便局で「うるう日」障害゠平成12年2月29日(19年前) ATMの電源入らず窓口対応”, in 佐賀新聞 [Saga Shimbun][1]:
- 県内でも特定郵便局など4局で、業務開始の午前8時から郵便貯金自動預払機(ATM)の電源が入らず、午後0時20分に復旧するまで、貯金の預け入れは窓口で対応した。
- Kennai demo tokutei yūbin-kyoku nado yon-kyoku de, gyōmu kaishi no gozen hachiji kara yūbin chokin jidō azuke barai-ki (ētīemu) no dengen ga hairazu, gogo reiji nijippun ni fukkyū suru made, chokin no azukeire wa madoguchi de taiō shita.
- In the Prefecture, post office deposit automatic teller machines (ATMs) installed in four post offices including the Special Post Office couldn't turn on from 8 a.m. at starting operations and they handled depositing money work at windows until 12:20 a.m. when it had been restored.
- 県内でも特定郵便局など4局で、業務開始の午前8時から郵便貯金自動預払機(ATM)の電源が入らず、午後0時20分に復旧するまで、貯金の預け入れは窓口で対応した。
- counter for board games (e.g. chess, shogi or go)
- 2019 November 25, “将棋ユーチューバー、四段に勝利 あと2勝でプロ入り”, in 朝日新聞 [Asahi Shimbun][2]:
- 試験は若手棋士 5人と 5局指し、 3勝で合格する。
- Shiken wa wakate kishi go-nin to go-kyoku sashi, san-shō de gōkaku suru.
- In the examination, he will play five games against five young players and if he wins three games, he will pass the examination.
- 試験は若手棋士 5人と 5局指し、 3勝で合格する。
Suffix
[edit]Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- hanja form? of 국 (“bureau; department”)
Compounds
[edit]- 방송국 (放送局, bangsongguk, “broadcasting station”)
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]局: Hán Việt readings: cục
局: Nôm readings: cộc, cục, cuộc, gục, ngúc
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