host

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See also: Host, höst, hőst, høst, and hosť

English

Lua error in Module:interproject at line 62: Parameter "dab" is not used by this template.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "UK" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /həʊst/
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "US" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /hoʊst/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -əʊst

Etymology 1

From Middle English hoste, borrowed from Old French oste (French: hôte), from Latin hospitem, accusative of hospes (“a host, also a sojourner, visitor, guest; hence, a foreigner, a stranger”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóspot- (“master of guests”), from *gʰóstis (“stranger, guest, enemy”) and *pótis (“owner, master, host, husband”). Used in English since 13th century.

Noun

host (plural hosts, feminine hostess)

  1. One which receives or entertains a guest, socially, commercially, or officially.
    A good host is always considerate of the guest’s needs.
    • (Can we date this quote by Shakespeare and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
      Time is like a fashionable host, / That slightly shakes his parting guest by the hand.
  2. One that provides a facility for an event.
  3. A person or organization responsible for running an event.
    Our company is host of the annual conference this year.
  4. A moderator or master of ceremonies for a performance.
    The host was terrible, but the acts themselves were good.
  5. (computing, Internet) Any computer attached to a network.
  6. (ecology) A cell or organism which harbors another organism or biological entity, usually a parasite.
    • 2013 May-June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 193:
      A recent study explored the ecological variables that may contribute to bats’ propensity to harbor such zoonotic diseases by comparing them with another order of common reservoir hosts: rodents.
    Viruses depend on the host that they infect in order to be able to reproduce.
  7. (evolution, genetics) An organism bearing certain genetic material.
    The so-called junk DNA is known, so far, to provide no apparent benefit to its host.
  8. A paid male companion offering conversation and in some cases sex, as in certain types of bar in Japan.

Hyponyms

Synonyms

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

host (third-person singular simple present hosts, present participle hosting, simple past and past participle hosted)

  1. To perform the role of a host.
    • 2013 May-June, Katie L. Burke, “In the News”, in American Scientist, volume 101, number 3, page 193:
      Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola.
    Our company will host the annual conference this year.
    I was terrible at hosting that show.
    I’ll be hosting tonight. I hope I’m not terrible.
  2. (obsolete, intransitive) To lodge at an inn.
    • (Can we date this quote by Shakespeare and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)
      Where you shall host.
  3. (computing, Internet) To run software made available to a remote user or process.
    • 1987 May 7, Selden E. Ball, Jr., Re: Ethernet Terminal Concentrators, comp.protocols.tcp-ip, Usenet
      CMU/TEK TCP/IP software uses an excessive amount of cpu resources for terminal support both outbound, when accessing another system, and inbound, when the local system is hosting a session.
    Kremvax hosts a variety of services.
Translations

See also

Etymology 2

From Middle English oost, borrowed from Old French ost, oste, hoste, from Latin hostis (“foreign enemy”) (as opposed to inimicus (“personal enemy”)); cognate with etymology 1 through an Indo-European root.

Noun

host (plural hosts)

  2. A multitude of people arrayed as an army; used also in religious senses, as: Heavenly host (of angels)
    • 1843, Thomas Carlyle, Past and Present, book 3, ch. X, Plugson of Undershot
      Why, Plugson, even thy own host is all in mutiny: Cotton is conquered; but the ‘bare backs’ — are worse covered than ever!
    • 1955, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Return of the King, book 2, chapter 4, The Field of Cormallen
      All about the hosts of Mordor raged.
    • 2001, Carlos Parada, Hesione 2, Greek Mythology Link
      the invading host that had sailed from Hellas in more than one thousand ships was of an unprecedented size.
  3. A large number of items; a large inventory.
    The dealer stocks a host of parts for my Model A.
    • 1802, William Wordsworth, I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud
      I wandered lonely as a cloud
      That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
      When all at once I saw a crowd,
      A host, of golden daffodils; […]
    • 1836, The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction
      A short time since, some friends drinking tea one summer evening at their residence near Maidenhead, with all the windows of the drawing-room open, there suddenly burst in a host of small flies, which covered the table and the furniture […]
    • 2018 June 18, Phil McNulty, “Tunisia 1 – 2 England”, in BBC Sport‎[1], archived from the original on 21 April 2019:
      England ran Tunisia ragged in that spell but were punished for missing a host of chances when Ferjani Sassi equalised from the penalty spot against the run of play after Kyle Walker was penalised for an elbow on Fakhreddine Ben Youssef.
Derived terms
Translations

Etymology 3

From (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Middle English also oist, ost, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Old French hoiste, from (deprecated template usage) [etyl] Latin hostia (“sacrificial victim”). Doublet of hostie.

Noun

host (plural hosts)

  1. (Christianity) The consecrated bread or wafer of the Eucharist.
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

See also

Anagrams

Catalan

Etymology

From Lua error in Module:etymology at line 170: Old Occitan (pro) is not set as an ancestor of Catalan (ca) in Module:languages/data/2. The ancestor of Catalan is Old Catalan (roa-oca)., from Latin hostem, singular accusative of hostis, from Proto-Italic *hostis, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰóstis (“guest, stranger”).

Pronunciation

Noun

host f (plural hosts)

  1. army, troops

See also

Czech

FWOTD – 4 April 2013

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *gostь.

Pronunciation

Noun

Lua error in Module:cs-headword at line 144: Unrecognized gender: 'm'

  1. guest
    Host do domu, Bůh do domu. ("A guest into the house, God into the house") — old proverb, meaning: respect should be shown to guests
    Host a ryba třetí den smrdí. - The guest and the fish smell the third day.

Declension

Template:cs-decl-noun

Further reading

Dutch

Etymology 1

From English host.

Pronunciation

Noun

host m (plural hosts, diminutive hostje n)

  1. (computing) host
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From hossen.

Pronunciation

Verb

host

  1. (deprecated template usage) second- and third-person singular present indicative of hossen
  2. (deprecated template usage) (archaic) plural imperative of hossen

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

Related to hoste ("to cough").

Pronunciation

Noun

host n (definite singular hostet, indefinite plural host, definite plural hosta or hostene)
host m (definite singular hosten, indefinite plural hoster, definite plural hostene)

  1. a single cough expulsion

Etymology 2

From English host.

Pronunciation

Noun

host m (definite singular hosten, indefinite plural hoster, definite plural hostene)

  1. (computing) host
Synonyms

Etymology 3

Verb

host

  1. imperative of hoste

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

Related to hosta, hoste ("to cough").

Noun

host n (definite singular hostet, indefinite plural host, definite plural hosta)

  1. a single cough expulsion

Etymology 2

From English host.

Noun

host m (definite singular hosten, indefinite plural hostar, definite plural hostane)

  1. (computing) host
Synonyms

Etymology 3

Verb

host

  1. (deprecated template usage) imperative of hosta

References

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowed from English host.

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 290: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Brazil" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ˈʁowst͡ʃ/

Noun

host m (plural s)

  1. (networking) host (computer attached to a network)

Slovene

Noun

hóst

  1. genitive dual/plural of họ̑sta

Spanish

Etymology

Borrowed from English host.

Noun

host m or f (plural hosts)

  1. (computing, Internet) host (any computer attached to a network)
    Synonym: anfitrión
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