鏡
See also: 镜
Translingual
Han character
鏡 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+11, 19 strokes, cangjie input 金卜廿山 (CYTU), four-corner 80116, composition ⿰釒竟)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 1320, character 10
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40812
- Dae Jaweon: page 1820, character 5
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4250, character 10
- Unihan data for U+93E1
Chinese
| trad. | 鏡 | |
|---|---|---|
| simp. | 镜 | |
| alternative forms | ⿰钅井 second round simplified | |
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 鏡 | |
|---|---|
| Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
|
|
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *kraŋs) : semantic 釒／钅 + phonetic 竟 (OC *kraŋs).
Etymology
Unknown. Various hypotheses exist:
- Derived from 亮 (OC *raŋs, “to shine”) with the nominalising *k- prefix (Schuessler, 2007; apud Baxter, p.c.);
- Cognate with 景 (OC *kraŋʔ, “bright”) (Schuessler, 2007);
- Re-etymologisation of the nearly identical earlier word 監 (OC *kraːms), 鑑 (OC *kraːms, “mirror”) (Schuessler, 2007).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): geng3
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): kiang
- Eastern Min (BUC): giáng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 5cin
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄐㄧㄥˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jìng
- Wade–Giles: ching4
- Yale: jìng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jinq
- Palladius: цзин (czin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: geng3
- Yale: geng
- Cantonese Pinyin: geng3
- Guangdong Romanization: géng3
- Sinological IPA (key): /kɛːŋ³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: kiang
- Hakka Romanization System: giang
- Hagfa Pinyim: giang4
- Sinological IPA: /ki̯aŋ⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: giáng
- Sinological IPA (key): /kiɑŋ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
Note:
- kèng - literary;
- kiàⁿ - vernacular.
- Middle Chinese: kjaengH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.qraŋʔ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*kraŋs/
Definitions
- mirror; reflecting glass (Classifier: 塊／块 c)
- to mirror; to reflect
- to perceive; to observe clearly
- to use for reference; to draw lessons from
- clear
- (physics) lens; -scope
- spectacles; glasses
- a surname
Synonyms
Compounds
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Descendants
Others:
- → Vietnamese: gương
Japanese
Kanji
鏡
Readings
- Go-on: きょう (kyō, Jōyō)←きやう (kyau, historical)
- Kan-on: けい (kei)
- Kun: かがみ (kagami, 鏡, Jōyō)
- Nanori: あき (aki); あきら (akira); かね (kane); とし (toshi); み (mi)
Compounds
Compounds
- 鏡映 (kyōei, “mirror image, mirrored projection”)
- 鏡架 (kyōka, “mirror stand”)
- 鏡花 (kyōka, “flower in a mirror”, metaphor for something that can be seen but not touched)
- 鏡花水月 (kyōka suigetsu, “flower in a mirror, moon in the water”, metaphor for something that can be seen but not touched)
- 鏡台 (kyōdai)
- 眼鏡 (gankyō)
- 神鏡 (shinkei)
- 水鏡 (suikyō)
- 明鏡 (meikei)
- 羅経 (rakyō)
- 眼鏡 (megane)
Etymology 1
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鏡 |
| かがみ Grade: 4 |
| kun’yomi |
From Old Japanese.
Originally a compound of 影 (kaga, ancient combining form of 影 (kage), “shadow; outline; figure; image”) + 見 (mi, “seeing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 見る (miru), “to see, to look at”).[1][2]
Pronunciation
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Noun
- a mirror (smooth reflecting surface)
- 1999 March 6, “ミラージュ [Mirage]”, in Starter Box, Konami:
- 手にする鏡から仲間を呼び出すことのできる鳥のけもの。
- Te ni suru kagami kara nakama o yobidasu koto no dekiru tori no kemono.
- An avian beast that can call upon its companions from inside the mirror in its hands.
- 手にする鏡から仲間を呼び出すことのできる鳥のけもの。
- 1999 July 22, “アブソリューター [Absolutor]”, in Vol.4, Konami:
- 相手を鏡の中の世界に吸い込むことができる。
- Aite o kagami no naka no sekai ni suikomu koto ga dekiru.
- It can suck opponents into the world inside the mirror.
- 相手を鏡の中の世界に吸い込むことができる。
- Short for 鏡餅 (kagami mochi): a set of mochi rice cakes used in New Year celebrations
- Short for 鏡物 (kagamimono): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}. - (theater) Short for 鏡板 (kagami ita): the panel at the back of a noh stage that is painted with an image of an old pine tree
- the barrelhead or lid of a sake barrel
- 昨日、鏡を抜いた。
- Kinō, kagami o nuita.
- They removed the barrelhead yesterday. → They opened the saké barrel yesterday.
- 昨日、鏡を抜いた。
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Derived terms
Derived terms
- 鑑, 鑒 (kagami, “pattern, example”)
- 鏡いご (kagami igo, type of gelatin made from cooked-down seaweed used as a side dish during Obon in certain regions)
- 鏡ヶ池 (Kagamigaike)
- 鏡鞍 (kagamigura, a type of saddle)
- 鏡台 (kagamidai)
- 鏡立て (kagamitate)
- 鏡の家 (kagami no ie, “box or case for a mirror”)
- 鏡の奩 (kagami no su, “box or case for a mirror”)
- 鏡の間 (kagami no ma): in noh, a room or alcove behind the curtain and affixed with a mirror for players to check their appearance; a similar space in other theaters; a room with mirrors on all four walls, such as at Versailles
- 鏡板 (kagami ita): panel that forms the back wall of a noh stage and is traditionally painted with a picture of an old pine tree
- 鏡の松 (kagami no matsu): a painting of an old pine tree on the kagami ita that forms the back wall of a noh stage
- 鏡の御影 (kagami no miei): a depiction of a round window through which can be seen gods, spirits, or Buddhas
- 鏡開き (kagami-biraki)
- 鏡餅 (kagami mochi)
- 鏡物 (kagamimono)
- 合わせ鏡 (awase kagami)
- 今鏡 (Imakagami)
- 岩鏡 (iwakagami)
- 自惚れ鏡 (unubore kagami)
- 衣紋鏡 (emon kagami)
- お鏡, Lua error in Module:ja-ruby at line 517: Separator "%" in the kanji and kana strings do not match.
- 大鏡 (Ōkagami)
- 懐中鏡 (kaichū kagami)
- 浄玻璃の鏡 (jōhari no kagami)
- 空の鏡 (sora no kagami)
- 知恵の鏡 (chie no kagami)
- 手鏡 (tekagami)
- 共鏡, 友鏡 (tomokagami)
- 野守の鏡 (nomori no kagami)
- 初鏡 (hatsukagami)
- 鬢鏡 (binkagami)
- ビードロ鏡 (bīdoro kagami)
- 懐鏡 (futokoro kagami)
- 増鏡 (Masukagami)
- 真澄の鏡 (ma-sumi no kagami, “clear mirror”)
- ます鏡 (masukagami)
- まそ鏡 (masokagami)
- 丸鏡, 円鏡 (marukagami)
- 水鏡 (mizukagami)
- 餠鏡 (mochii kagami)
- 八咫の鏡 (Yata no Kagami)
Idioms
Idioms
- 鏡は女の魂 (kagami wa onna no tamashii, “a mirror is a woman's soul”)
- 鏡が曇ると魂が曇る (kagami ga kumoru to tamashii ga kumoru, “if the looking glass is cloudy, so too is one's soul → (particularly regarding women) one's appearance is a reflection of one's psyche, and a disordered appearance indicates a disordered mind”)
- 鏡は重磨によって輝く (kagami wa jūma ni yotte kagayaku): "a mirror shines from heavy polishing" → practice makes perfect
- 鏡は容貌を見せ酒は心を現す (kagami wa katachi o mise, sake wa kokoro o arawasu, “a mirror shows one's appearance; alcohol brings out one's true thoughts → a metaphor for how drinking can lead to freer expression of what one really thinks”)
- 鏡に掛く (kagami ni kaku, “show in a mirror → extremely clear, extremely certain: as clear as day”)
- 鏡を掛く (kagami o kaku, “hang a mirror → to know something in detail as if looking at it in a mirror: to know something like the back of one's hand, to know something inside and out”)
- 月の鏡 (tsuki no kagami)
Proper noun
- a placename
- Lua error in Module:names at line 629: dot= and nodot= are no longer supported in Template:surname because a trailing period is no longer added by default; if you want it, add it explicitly after the template
- a female given name
Etymology 2
| Kanji in this term |
|---|
| 鏡 |
| きょう Grade: 4 |
| goon |
/kjau/ → /kjɔː/ → /kjoː/
From Middle Chinese 鏡 (MC kjaengH).
Affix
Derived terms
Derived terms
Proper noun
- a female given name
- Lua error in Module:names at line 629: dot= and nodot= are no longer supported in Template:surname because a trailing period is no longer added by default; if you want it, add it explicitly after the template
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Cite error: Invalid
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Korean
Hanja
鏡 • (gyeong) (hangeul 경, revised gyeong, McCune–Reischauer kyŏng, Yale kyeng)
Oki-No-Erabu
Kanji
鏡 (hiragana はがみ, romaji hagami)
Etymology
Cognate with Japanese 鏡 (kagami, “mirror”).
Noun
鏡 (hiragana はがみ, romaji hagami)
- a mirror
Okinawan
Kanji
鏡
Readings
Etymology
Cognate with Japanese 鏡 (kagami, “mirror”).
Noun
鏡 (hiragana かがん, romaji kagan)
- a mirror
Old Japanese
Etymology
Originally a compound of 影 (kaga, combining form of 影 (kage2), “shadow; outline; figure; image”) + 見 (mi1, “seeing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 見る (mi1ru), “to see, to look at”).[1][2]
Noun
鏡 (kagami1) (kana かがみ)
- a mirror
- 711–712, Kojiki, poem 90; also Man'yōshū, book 13, poem 3263:
- ...伊久比爾波加賀美袁加氣麻久比爾波麻多麻袁加氣...
- ...ikupi1 ni pa kagami1 wo kake2 ma-kupi1 ni pa ma-tama wo kake2...
- On the sacred stake a mirror is suspended; on the splendid stake splendid jewels are suspended.[3]
- ,[4] text here
- 夜麻杼里乃乎呂能波都乎爾可賀美可家刀奈布倍美許曾奈爾与曾利鷄米
- yamado2ri no2 woro2 no2 patuwo ni kagami1 kake1 to1nau be2mi1 ko2so2 na ni yo2serike1me2
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
Derived terms
Derived terms
Descendants
- Japanese: 鏡 (kagami)
References
- ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ Lua error in Module:languages/errorGetBy at line 16: Please specify a language or etymology language code in the parameter "1"; the value "1985" is not valid (see Wiktionary:List of languages).
- ^ Satake, Akihiro with Hideo Yamada, Rikio Kudō, Masao Ōtani, and Yoshiyuki Yamazaki (c. 759) Shin Nihon Koten Bungaku Taikei 3: Man’yōshū 3 (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Iwanami Shoten, published 2002, →ISBN.
Vietnamese
Han character
(deprecated template usage) 鏡 (kính, kẻng, gương, kiếng)
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}.
Yonaguni
Kanji
鏡 (hiragana かか゚ん, romaji kaŋan)
Etymology
Cognate with Japanese 鏡 (kagami, “mirror”).
Pronunciation
Noun
鏡 (hiragana かか゚ん, romaji kaŋan)
- a mirror
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- Japanese kanji with nanori reading あきら
- Japanese kanji with nanori reading かね
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