妾
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Translingual
[edit]Han character
[edit]妾 (Kangxi radical 38, 女+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿女 (YTV), four-corner 00404, composition ⿱立女)
Derived characters
[edit]References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 257, character 39
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 6147
- Dae Jaweon: page 523, character 6
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1040, character 8
- Unihan data for U+59BE
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 妾 | |
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simp. # | 妾 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 妾 | |||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Uncertain.
Possibly a pictogram (象形) of a woman with a headdress. Cognate to 女 with 辛 on top, though in the modern form the headdress has simplified to unrelated 立.
Alternatively, may be an ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 辛 (“torture device”) + 女 (“woman”) – female criminal.
Etymology
[edit]Cognate to 捷 (OC *zeb, “victory; booty”) (Schuessler, 2007). See there for more.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): jie2 / qie2
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): qiet6
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): qieh4
- Northern Min (KCR): chiĕ
- Eastern Min (BUC): chiék
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 7chiq
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): cie6
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄝˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: ciè
- Wade–Giles: chʻieh4
- Yale: chyè
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chieh
- Palladius: це (ce)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: jie2 / qie2
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: gie / kie
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕiɛ²¹/, /t͡ɕʰiɛ²¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cip3
- Yale: chip
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsip8
- Guangdong Romanization: qib3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiːp̚³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: tiap2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰiap̚⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: qiet6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰiɛt̚⁵/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhiap / chhiet
- Hakka Romanization System: qiabˋ / qiedˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: qiab5 / qiad5
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰi̯ap̚²/, /t͡sʰi̯et̚²/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: qieh4
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰiəʔ²/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: chiĕ
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiɛ²⁴/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: chiék
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰiɛʔ²⁴/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Xiang
- Middle Chinese: tshjep
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ap/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰeb/
Definitions
[edit]妾
- slave woman
- 馬牛其風,臣妾逋逃,勿敢越逐,祗復之,我商賚汝。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: The Book of Documents, circa 7th – 4th centuries BCE
- Mǎ niú qí fēng, chén qiè būtáo, wù gǎn yuè zhú, zhī fù zhī, wǒ shāng lài rǔ. [Pinyin]
- When horses or oxen run about in heat, or when slaves and slave women abscond, do not dare go away [from the camp] and pursue them; but if you [catch them and] respectfully return them, I will reward you.
马牛其风,臣妾逋逃,勿敢越逐,祗复之,我商赉汝。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- concubine
- 初命曰:「誅不孝,無易樹子,無以妾為妻。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Mencius, c. 4th century BCE
- Chū mìng yuē: “Zhū bùxiào, wú yì shùzǐ, wú yǐ qiè wèi qī.” [Pinyin]
- The first injunction in their agreement was, "Slay the unfilial; change not the son who has been appointed heir; exalt not a concubine to be the wife."
初命曰:「诛不孝,无易树子,无以妾为妻。」 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
- (archaic, humble) I; me (used by women to show modesty)
- 妾有黃金釵,嫁時爲首飾。今日贈君行,千里長相憶。 [Korean Literary Sinitic, trad.]
- From: 《效崔國輔體》, Heo Nanseolheon, early 1600s
- Cheop yu hwanggeum chae, ga si wi susik. Geumil jeung gun haeng, cheol li jang sang eok. [Sino-Korean]
- I have a golden hairpin: my jewelry when I was married. Today I give it to you as you leave; long shall we remember each other, a thousand miles away.
- a surname
Synonyms
[edit]- (slave woman): 女奴 (nǚnú)
- (concubine):
Dialectal synonyms of 妾 (“concubine”) [map]
Descendants
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 下妾
- 三妻四妾 (sānqīsìqiè)
- 三房四妾
- 主妾
- 仙妾
- 侍妾 (shìqiè)
- 僕妾/仆妾
- 先妾
- 兒妾/儿妾
- 內妾/内妾
- 副妾
- 園妾/园妾
- 團扇妾/团扇妾
- 女妾
- 妃妾
- 妓妾
- 妾人
- 妾侍 (qièshì)
- 妾勢/妾势
- 妾妃
- 妻妾 (qīqiè)
- 妾婦/妾妇
- 妾媵
- 妾御
- 妾身 (qièshēn)
- 妾身未明
- 妾魚/妾鱼
- 姻妾
- 姬妾 (jīqiè)
- 婢妾 (bìqiè)
- 婢妾魚/婢妾鱼
- 媵妾
- 嫡妾
- 嬌妻美妾/娇妻美妾
- 嬖妾
- 嬪妾/嫔妾
- 孤妾
- 孽妾
- 室妾
- 宮妾/宫妾
- 寵妾/宠妾
- 小妾
- 庶妾
- 微妾
- 愛妾/爱妾
- 愛妾換馬/爱妾换马
- 换妾
- 換妾/换妾
- 棄妾/弃妾
- 榜妾
- 江妾
- 津妾
- 灶妾
- 班妾
- 班妾辭輦/班妾辞辇
- 男妾 (nánqiè)
- 畜妾
- 竈妾/灶妾
- 童妾
- 箕帚妾
- 納妾/纳妾 (nàqiè)
- 老妾
- 臣妾
- 處妾/处妾
- 蛟妾
- 蠶妾/蚕妾
- 衾裯妾
- 讒妾/谗妾
- 貧妾/贫妾
- 貴妾/贵妾
- 賤妾/贱妾 (jiànqiè)
- 還妾/还妾
- 鄭家婢妾/郑家婢妾
- 長妾/长妾
- 陵園妾/陵园妾
- 陪妾
- 隸妾/隶妾
- 隸臣妾/隶臣妾
- 雨師妾/雨师妾
- 驕妾/骄妾
- 鬻妾
- 鬼妾
- 麗妾/丽妾
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]妾
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: しょう (shō)←せふ (sefu, historical)
- Kan-on: しょう (shō)←せふ (sefu, historical)
- Kun: めかけ (mekake, 妾); わらわ (warawa, 妾)
Compounds
[edit]Compounds
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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妾 |
めかけ Hyōgai |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 妾 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 妾, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
妾 |
わらわ Hyōgai |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 妾 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 妾, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 3
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
妾 |
てかけ Hyōgai |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 妾 – see the following entry: てかけ |
(The following entry is uncreated: てかけ.)
Etymology 4
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
妾 |
おんなめ Hyōgai |
kun'yomi |
For pronunciation and definitions of 妾 – see the following entry: おんなめ |
(The following entry is uncreated: おんなめ.)
Etymology 5
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
妾 |
しょう Hyōgai |
on'yomi |
Noun
[edit]Pronoun
[edit]Korean
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Middle Chinese 妾 (MC tshjep). Recorded as Middle Korean 쳡〮 (chyép) (Yale: chyep) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
Hanja
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]妾: Hán Nôm readings: thiếp, thê
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
{{rfdef}}
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- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 妾
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
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- Chinese humble terms
- Chinese surnames
- zh:People
- zh:Female
- zh:Slavery
- Japanese kanji
- Japanese hyōgai kanji
- Japanese kanji with goon reading しょう
- Japanese kanji with historical goon reading せふ
- Japanese kanji with kan'on reading しょう
- Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading せふ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading めかけ
- Japanese kanji with kun reading わらわ
- Japanese terms spelled with 妾 read as めかけ
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese nouns
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- Japanese terms spelled with 妾 read as わらわ
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- Japanese terms spelled with 妾 read as てかけ
- Japanese terms spelled with 妾 read as おんなめ
- Japanese terms spelled with 妾 read as しょう
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