ich

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See also: Ich, ICH, ích, ịch, -ich, and -ich-

English

Etymology 1

From Middle English ich, from Old English iċ, iċċ (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂ (“I”). See also ch-, I.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ich

  1. (personal, obsolete) I.
    • 1529, John Skelton, Elynour Rummyng:
      "Behold," she sayd, "and se How bright I am of ble! Ich am not cast away, That can my husband say, [...]"
    • 1561, John Awdelay, The fraternitye of vacabondes:
      My maysters, ich am an old man, and halfe blinde, […]
    • 1568, Thomas Howell, Arbor of Amitie:
      With cap and knee, ich will serve thee, what should ich more declare.
    • 1604, William Shakespeare, Measure for Measure:
      Kissyng and lying ich see is all one:
      And chave no mony, chul tell true therfore.
    • 1645, Thomas Davies, The Somersetshire Man's Complaint:
      Dost thinke 'chill labor to be poore, No no, ich haue a-doe..Ich will a plundering too.
    • 1706, Edward Phillips, The New World of English Words:
      Ich, a Word us'd for I in the Western Parts of England.

Usage notes

Ich was the form of I found in the dialects of the West Country, West Midlands, and Kent. It began to disappear from written English with the onset of the Chancery Standard in the 15th century, yet continued to see limited use through the middle of the 19th century.

The Northern dialectal form, ik (which derives from the same Old English root), likewise disappeared from writing with the onset of the Chancery Standard in the 15th century.

Derived terms

See also

Etymology 2

Clipping of ichthyophthiriasis.

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Noun

ich (uncountable)

  1. (ichthyology) Ichthyophthiriasis, a parasitic infection of freshwater fish caused by the ciliate Lua error in Module:taxlink at line 68: Parameter "noshow" is not used by this template..
    • 1996, Edward J. Noga, Fish Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment, Iowa State University Press (2000), →ISBN, page 95:
      Ich is one of the most common diseases of freshwater fish.
Derived terms

Anagrams

Alemannic German

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik. Cognate with German ich, Dutch ik, English I, ich, Icelandic ég.

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Lower Alemannic (Northern Alsace)" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /iʃ/, /eʃ/, /iː/ (i -> unstressed pronoun, used after the verb -> Hiit hàw *i* dìs g'màcht (Today I have done this), BUT it is always "ìch" before the verb, never the plain "i")


  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Higher Alemannic (Southern Alsace)" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ix/, /ex/, /iː/ (unstressed)


  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Zurich" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): /ix/, /i/ (unstressed), IPA(key): [ɪːx] (stressed)

Pronoun

ich

  1. I

Declension

Alemannic German personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative possessive m
1st person singular ich, i mich, mi mir, mier, mer min, miin
2nd person singular familiar du dich, di dir, dier, der din, diin
polite Si Ine, Ene, -ne Ire
3rd person singular m er in, en im sin, siin
f si ire
n es, 's, -s im sin, siin
1st person plural mir, mer üs, öis, ois, eus üse, öise, oise, euse
2nd person plural ir, ier öi, eu öie, eure
3rd person plural si ine, ene, -ne ire

Central Franconian

Alternative forms

  • eich (Moselle Franconian, stressed)
  • ech (some dialects of Ripuarian; Moselle Franconian, unstressed, enclitic)

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂. The expected form is ech; the variant ich is from a form *īh with expressive lengthening (compare the corresponding diphthong in Moselle Franconian).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /iɕ/, [iɕ]
    • IPA(key): [eɕ] → [əɕ] → [ɕ] Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "unstressed; enclitic before a consonant" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
    • IPA(key): [ij] Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "enclitic before a vowel" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
  • The enclitic pronunciation is used after verbs and conjunctions (unless the pronoun is stressed).

Pronoun

ich

  1. (some dialects of Ripuarian, including Kölsch) I; nominative of the first-person singular personal pronoun
    Dat senn ich op däm Fotto.
    That’s I (or: me) in this photo.

Cimbrian

Etymology

From Middle High German ich (“I”). Cognate with German ich, English I.

Pronoun

ich

  1. (Sette Comuni) I

Inflection

Cimbrian personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative
1st person singular ich mich miar
2nd person singular familiar du dich diar
polite iart ach òich
3rd person singular m èar, ar in, en iime
f zi, ze iar
n es, is es, 's iime
1st person plural bar,
bandare		 zich izàndarn
2nd person plural iart,
iartàndare, artàndare		 òich, ach ogàndarn
3rd person plural ze, zòi,
zandare		 zich innàndarn

References

  • “ich” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Crimean Gothic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronoun

ich

  1. I
    • 1562, Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq:
      Ich malthata. Ego dico.

German

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɪç/
  • (file)
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Austria" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
    (file)

Pronoun

ich

  1. I (first person singular nominative (subject) pronoun)

Inflection

German personal pronouns
singular plural singular and plural
1st person 2nd person
familiar1 		3rd person 1st person 2nd person
familiar1 		3rd person 2nd person
polite/formal
m f n
nominative ich du
-e2 		er sie
-se2 		es wir ihr sie
-se2 		Sie
Ihr3
genitive meiner
mein3 		deiner
dein3 		seiner
sein3 		ihrer seiner
sein3 		unser euer ihrer Ihrer
Euer3
dative mir dir ihm ihr ihm uns euch ihnen Ihnen
Euch3
accusative mich dich ihn sie
-se2 		es uns euch sie
-se2 		Sie
Euch3

1These forms are sometimes capitalized, especially in letters.    2enclitic, colloquial    3archaic

In contemporary German, the genitive forms of personal pronouns are restricted to formal style and are infrequent even here. They may be used

  • for the genitive object still found in a handful of verbs: Er erbarmte sich meiner. – "He had mercy on me". (Colloquially one would either use the dative case, or a prepositional object, or replace the verb with another.)
  • after the preposition statt ("instead of, in place of"): Er kam statt meiner in die Mannschaft. – "He joined the team in my place." This sounds antiquated, and an meiner Statt or an meiner Stelle is preferable (in which case meiner is not a genitive, but a form of the possessive determiner mein).

Derived terms

Further reading

  • “ich” in Duden online

Hunsrik

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ich

  1. I
    Ich sin en Fraa.
    I am a woman.
    Ich komme fun de Fabrick.
    I'm coming from the factory.

Inflection

Hunsrik personal pronouns
nominative accusative dative
Proclitic Enclitic str. unstr. str. unstr.
1st person singular ich

eich

-ich mich

meich

meer mer

m'r

2nd person singular
(informal) 		du

dau/Dau

-du, -de

-Dau, -De

dich

deich/Deich

deer der

d'r/D'r

3rd person singular (m.) er; där -er ihn en ihm em
3rd person singular (f.) sie; die -se sie / ihns se eer

ehr

re
3rd person singular (n.) es; das

et, 't

's es

et

-et, -'t

ihm em
1st person plural meer mer uns

uhs

2nd person plural deer

Ehr, Dehr

der eich

Auch

3rd person plural sie; die -se sie se denne

Further reading

Jakaltek

Etymology

From Proto-Mayan *iihk.

Noun

ich

  1. chili pepper

References

  • Church, Clarence, Church, Katherine (1955) Vocabulario castellano-jacalteco, jacalteco-castellano‎[1] (in Spanish), Guatemala C. A.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 18; 24

Limburgish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik.

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "most dialects" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): [ɪx]
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "Maastricht" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E. IPA(key): [ix]

Pronoun

ich (personal)

  1. I

Inflection

Singular Dual Plural
nominative ich, 'ch weet weer, v'r
genitive miener, miens ózzer ózzer
locative miches ózzes ózzes
dative[* 1] mir ós ós
accusative mich ós ós
  1. ^ Dative is nowadays obsolete, use accusative instead.

Luo

Pronunciation

Noun

ich

  1. stomach

Middle English

Etymology

From Old English iċ (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *ek (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Indo-European *egom (“I”), *éǵh₂.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ich

  1. Alternative form of I

Usage notes

  • Ich is the Southern and sometimes Midland form of I in Middle English, which corresponds to ik of the Northern dialect.

Middle High German

Etymology

From Old High German ih, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik.

Pronoun

ich

  1. (personal) I

Declension

Declension of ich
singular plural
nominative ich wir
accusative mich unsich, uns
genitive mîn unser
dative mir uns

Descendants

  • Alemannic German: ich, ig, i
    • Sensler: [iː][1]
    • Swabian: i
      • Sathmar Swabian: i
  • Bavarian: i
  • Central Franconian: ich, eich, ech
    • Hunsrückisch: äijsch
    • Moselle Franconian:
      • Saarland:
        • Britten: [æɪ̯ʃ], [ɪʃ][3]
    • Ripuarian:
  • East Central German:
    • Erzgebirgisch: iech
    • Silesian East Central German: iech
    • Upper Saxon German: isch, ische
  • East Franconian: i, iech
  • German: ich
  • Luxembourgish: ech
  • Rhine Franconian:
  • Vilamovian: ych
  • Yiddish: איך (ikh)

References

  1. ^ Schmutz, C., Haas, W. (2004) Senslerdeutsches Wörterbuch. Fribourg: Paulusverlag.
  2. ^ Altenhofen, Cléo Vilson. (1996) Hunsrückisch in Rio Grande do Sul: Ein Beitrag zur Beschreibung einer deutschbrasilianischen Dialektvarietät im Kontakt mit dem Portugiesischen. Stuttgart: Steiner.
  3. ^ "ich". In: Besse, Maria. (2004). Britter Wörterbuch. Losheim am See: Verein für Heimatkunde in der Gemeinde Losheim am See.
  4. ^ Online-Wörterbuch der Akademie för uns kölsche Sproch, Stichwort »ich« (URL).
  5. ^ Kelz, Heinrich P. (1971). Phonologische Analyse des Pennsylvaniadeutschen. Hamburg: Buske.

Pennsylvania German

Etymology

From Old High German ih. Compare German ich, Dutch ik, English I, Old Norse ek.

Pronoun

ich

  1. I

Polish

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ich

  1. possessive pronoun for oni or one, namely their or theirs; indeclinable.

Pronoun

ich

  1. genitive of oni; them
  2. genitive of one; them
  3. personal masculine accusative of oni; them

See also

Slovak

Pronunciation

Pronoun

ich

(The genitive plural and accusative plural of on (he), ona (she), and one (it).)
  1. (possessive) their, theirs
  2. them

Further reading

  • “ich”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Yola

Etymology

From Middle English ich, from Old English iċ (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Germanic *ek (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂ (“I”). Compare obsolete English ich.

Pronoun

ich

  1. I (first person singular pronoun)

See also

Yucatec Maya

Noun

ich (plural ichoʼob)

  1. (anatomy) eye
  2. face
  3. fruit
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