丙
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]丙 (Kangxi radical 1, 一+4, 5 strokes, cangjie input 一人月 (MOB), four-corner 10227, composition ⿱一内)
- Shuowen Jiezi radical №515
Derived characters
[edit]Further reading
[edit]
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 78, character 2
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35
- Dae Jaweon: page 156, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 16, character 3
- Unihan data for U+4E19
Chinese
[edit]simp. and trad. |
丙 |
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Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 丙 | ||||||||
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Shang | Western Zhou | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | |||
Bronze inscriptions | Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Old Chinese | |
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更 | *kraːŋ, *kraːŋs |
粳 | *kraːŋ |
埂 | *kraːŋ, *kraːŋʔ |
浭 | *kraːŋ |
稉 | *kraːŋ |
梗 | *kraːŋʔ |
哽 | *kraːŋʔ |
綆 | *kraːŋʔ |
鯁 | *kraːŋʔ |
挭 | *kraːŋʔ |
骾 | *kraːŋʔ |
郠 | *kraːŋʔ |
硬 | *ŋɡraːŋs, *ŋɡraːŋs |
鞕 | *ŋɡraːŋs |
丙 | *pqraŋʔ |
炳 | *praŋʔ |
邴 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
怲 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
苪 | *praŋʔ |
蛃 | *praŋʔ |
昺 | *praŋʔ |
昞 | *praŋʔ |
窉 | *praŋʔ |
柄 | *praŋʔ, *praŋs |
鈵 | *praŋs |
寎 | *praŋs |
病 | *braŋs |
Various theories:
- Pictogram (象形) – shoulders (Shuowen).
- Pictogram (象形) – the tail of a fish (Erya).
- Pictogram (象形) – pedestal.
- Pictogram (象形) – small table.
- Original form of 柄 (OC *praŋʔ, *praŋs).
Whatever its original sense may be, it has been lost and replaced by its early use as a heavenly stem.
Etymology 1
[edit]Baxter and Sagart (2014) note the phonological relationship between 丙 (OC *praŋʔ) and 兩 (OC *p.raŋʔ, “a pair”); how these two are graphically related is noted in Baxter (1992). Smith (2011) suggests that these two words are not only phonologically similar but also etymologically related, with 丙, meaning "couplet" or "bivalve", referring to an asterism.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bin3
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): bin3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): bing2
- Northern Min (KCR): běng
- Eastern Min (BUC): bīng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5pin
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): bin3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄧㄥˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bǐng
- Wade–Giles: ping3
- Yale: bǐng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: biing
- Palladius: бин (bin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: bin3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bin
- Sinological IPA (key): /pin⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: bing2
- Yale: bíng
- Cantonese Pinyin: bing2
- Guangdong Romanization: bing2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɪŋ³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: ben2
- Sinological IPA (key): /pen⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: bin3
- Sinological IPA (key): /pin²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: piáng
- Hakka Romanization System: biangˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: biang3
- Sinological IPA: /pi̯aŋ³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: bing2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /pĩŋ⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: běng
- Sinological IPA (key): /peiŋ²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bīng
- Sinological IPA (key): /piŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- piáⁿ - vernacular;
- péng - literary.
- Middle Chinese: pjaengX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*praŋʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*pqraŋʔ/
Definitions
[edit]丙
- the third of the ten heavenly stems
- third; C
- (organic chemistry) prop- (denoting the presence of three carbon atoms)
- a surname
Coordinate terms
[edit]- (Chinese heavenly stems) 天干 (tiāngān); 甲 (jiǎ), 乙 (yǐ), 丙 (bǐng), 丁, 戊 (wù), 己 (jǐ), 庚 (gēng), 辛 (xīn), 壬 (rén), 癸 (guǐ) (Category: zh:Chinese heavenly stems)
Compounds
[edit]Descendants
[edit]- → Zhuang: bingj
Etymology 2
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 丙 – see 抦 (“to beat”). (This character is a variant form of 抦). |
References
[edit]- “Entry #1304”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]- the third of the ten heavenly stems
- third in rank
Readings
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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丙 |
へい Grade: S |
on'yomi |
From Middle Chinese 丙 (pjængX).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- the third of the ten heavenly stems; something of the third rank
Derived terms
[edit]Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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丙 |
ひのえ Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
火 (Hi, “Fire”, one of the Five Elements) + の (no, attributive marker) + 兄 (e, “elder brother”)
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- the third of the ten heavenly stems
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]丙 (eumhun 셋째 천간 병 (setjjae cheon'gan byeong))
丙 (eumhun 남녘 병 (namnyeok byeong))
References
[edit]Tày
[edit]Noun
[edit]丙 (bưởng, pẻng)
- Nôm form of bưởng (“side; piece”).
- 妸分花丙吏
- A făn hoa bưởng dại
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
- Nôm form of pẻng (“ten tael”).
- 八昌賞丙双
- Bảt xáng thưởng pẻng soong
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
References
[edit]- Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày][1] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]丙: Hán Việt readings: bính
丙: Nôm readings: biếng, bính
- chữ Hán form of Bính (“third of the ten heavenly stems”).
Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]- Nom Foundation
- Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
- Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
- Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
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