'm
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
See also: Appendix:Variations of "m"
English[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Contraction of am.
Verb[edit]
’m (clitic)
- Am, used especially in I'm.
- 2008, Elizabeth George, Playing for the Ashes, Bantam, →ISBN, page 158:
- “So how'm I not good?”
- (dialect) Various forms of be.
- 1874, Frances Mary Peard, Thorpe Regis
- You'm no better than a baby when they've clacketed at ye for an hour or two without a word of sense from beginnin' to end.
- 1962, John Le Carre, A Murder of Quality:
- "He'm a bad one. Ooh, he'm a bad one, Mister," and she laughed softly. "I seed 'im flying, riding on the wind," she laughed again, "and the moon be'ind 'im, lightin' up the way. They'm close as sisters, moon and Devil."
- 2016, Alan Moore, Jerusalem, Liveright 2016, page 180:
- “Ah, it's a wonder we’m got two sticks to us name, with all that plunder what youm 'ad already.”
- 1874, Frances Mary Peard, Thorpe Regis
See also[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Noun[edit]
’m
Bavarian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Merged unstressed form of am and em or dem.
Article[edit]
'm m or n
See also[edit]
Bavarian articles
m | n | f | pl | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | stressed | unstressed | ||
definite | nominative | der, da | — | das, es, des | 's | de | d' | de | d' |
accusative | en, den | 'n | |||||||
dative | em, dem | 'm | em, dem | 'm | der, da | — | |||
genitive1 | des | des | der, da | der, da | |||||
indefinite | nominative | a | — | a | — | a | — | ||
accusative | an | 'n | |||||||
dative | am | 'm | am | 'm | a, ana | 'na |
1) higher, formal register
Catalan[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
'm
- Contraction of me.
Usage notes[edit]
- 'm is the reduced (reduïda) form of the pronoun. It is used after verbs ending with a vowel.
- Truca'm. ― Call me.
Declension[edit]
Catalan personal pronouns and clitics
Cornish[edit]
Determiner[edit]
'm
Pronoun[edit]
'm
Dutch[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Pronoun[edit]
'm
- Contracted form of hem
- Hij heeft 'm neergeschoten.
- He shot him.
Declension[edit]
subject | object | possessive | reflexive | genitive5 | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | full | unstr. | pred. | ||
1st person | ik | 'k1 | mij | me | mijn | m'n1 | mijne | me | mijner, mijns |
2nd person | jij | je | jou | je | jouw | je | jouwe | je | jouwer, jouws |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person masculine | hij | ie1 | hem | 'm1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
3rd person feminine | zij | ze | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | haar | h'r1, 'r1, d'r1 | hare | zich | harer, haars |
3rd person neuter | het | 't1 | het | 't1 | zijn | z'n1 | zijne | zich | zijner, zijns |
plural | |||||||||
1st person | wij | we | ons | – | ons, onze2 | – | onze | ons | onzer, onzes |
2nd person | jullie | je | jullie | je | jullie | je | – | je | – |
2nd person archaic or regiolectal6 | gij | ge | u | – | uw | – | uwe | u | uwer, uws |
2nd person formal | u | – | u | – | uw | – | uwe | zich | uwer, uws |
3rd person | zij | ze | hen3, hun4 | ze | hun | – | hunne | zich | hunner, huns |
1) Not as common in written language. 2) Inflected as an adjective. 3) In prescriptivist use, used only as direct object (accusative). 4) In prescriptivist use, used only as indirect object (dative). |
5) Archaic. Nowadays used for formal, literary or poetic purposes, and in fixed expressions. 6) To differentiate from the singular gij, and in a similar vein to "you lot" or "you guys" in English, it is common to use gijlui ("you people") or gijlieden ("you people") or one of their contracted variants, and their corresponding objects, possessives and reflexives, in the plural. |
Welsh[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Determiner[edit]
'm
- my (triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)
- Rwy'n myned yn ôl adref i’m hannwyl famwlad.
- I am going back home to my dear homeland.
Pronoun[edit]
'm
- me (used after vowels as the direct object of a verb; triggers h-prothesis of a following vowel)
- Dywed na’m hadwaenai.
- He/She says that he/she would not recognise me.
- Fe’m ganed i deulu di-Gymraeg.
- I was born (lit. "One gave birth to me") into a non-Welsh-speaking family.
Usage notes[edit]
- This word is found solely in literary Welsh.
- The determiner can be considered a "contraction" of fy used after mostly functional vowel-final words.
- The pronoun occurs after certain vowel-final preverbal particles, such as fe, a, ni, na, oni and pe.
Further reading[edit]
- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “'m”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
Categories:
- English 1-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- English non-lemma forms
- English verb forms
- English clitics
- English terms with quotations
- English dialectal terms
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English contractions
- Bavarian articles
- Bavarian lemmas
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan pronouns
- Catalan personal pronouns
- Catalan contractions
- Catalan terms with usage examples
- Cornish lemmas
- Cornish determiners
- Cornish pronouns
- Dutch terms with IPA pronunciation
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch pronouns
- Dutch terms with usage examples
- Dutch personal pronouns
- Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation
- Welsh lemmas
- Welsh determiners
- Welsh possessive determiners
- Welsh terms with usage examples
- Welsh pronouns
- Welsh personal pronouns