朋友
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Chinese
[edit]friend | friend | ||
---|---|---|---|
simp. and trad. (朋友) |
朋 | 友 |
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): pong2 you3
- Cantonese
- (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): pang4 jau5
- (Taishan, Wiktionary): pang3 yiu4
- Gan (Wiktionary): pung2 iu
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): peng1 iou2
- Northern Min (KCR): bǎing-iǔ
- Eastern Min (BUC): bèng-īu
- Southern Min
- Wu (Northern, Wugniu): 6ban-yeu6 / 2ban-ieu3
- Xiang
- (Changsha, Wiktionary): bong2 iou3
- (Hengyang, Wiktionary): beng2 iu3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄥˊ ˙ㄧㄡ
- Tongyong Pinyin: péngyo̊u
- Wade–Giles: pʻêng2-yu5
- Yale: péng-you
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: perng.iou
- Palladius: пэнъю (pɛnʺju)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɤŋ³⁵ joʊ̯³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄥˊ ㄧㄡˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: péngyǒu
- Wade–Giles: pʻêng2-yu3
- Yale: péng-yǒu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: perngyeou
- Palladius: пэнъю (pɛnʺju)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɤŋ³⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: pong2 you3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: pungju
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰoŋ²¹ iəu⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: pang4 jau5
- Yale: pàhng yáuh
- Cantonese Pinyin: pang4 jau5
- Guangdong Romanization: peng4 yeo5
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɐŋ²¹ jɐu̯¹³/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: pang3 yiu4
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰaŋ²² jiu²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: pung2 iu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰuŋ²⁴ iu²/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phèn-yû
- Hakka Romanization System: penˇ iuˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: pen2 yiu1
- Sinological IPA: /pʰen¹¹ i̯u²⁴/
- (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phèn-yû
- Hakka Romanization System: penˇ (r)iuˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: pen2 yiu1
- Sinological IPA: /pʰen¹¹ (j)i̯u²⁴/
- (Meixian)
- (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: peng1 iou2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /pʰə̃ŋ¹¹ iəu⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: bǎing-iǔ
- Sinological IPA (key): /paiŋ²¹ iu²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bèng-īu
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɛiŋ⁵³⁻³³ (Ø-)ŋieu³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines, Penang, Singapore)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pêng-iú
- Tâi-lô: pîng-iú
- Phofsit Daibuun: peng'iuo
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /piɪŋ¹³⁻²² iu⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /piɪŋ²³⁻³³ iu⁴¹/
- IPA (Xiamen): /piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² iu⁵³/
- IPA (Taipei): /piɪŋ²⁴⁻¹¹ iu⁵³/
- IPA (Singapore): /peŋ²⁴⁻²¹ iu⁴²/
- IPA (Quanzhou, Jinjiang, Philippines): /piɪŋ²⁴⁻²² iu⁵⁵⁴/
- IPA (Penang): /peŋ²³⁻²¹ iu⁴⁴⁵/
- (Hokkien: Philippines, dated in Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pn̂g-iú
- Tâi-lô: pn̂g-iú
- Phofsit Daibuun: png'iuo
- IPA (Philippines, Quanzhou): /pŋ̍²⁴⁻²² iu⁵⁵⁴/
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: pêng5 iu2
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phêng iú
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰeŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ iu⁵²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese, Jinjiang, Philippines, Penang, Singapore)
- Wu
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: bong2 iou3
- Sinological IPA (key) (old-style): /pʊŋ¹³ i̯əu̯⁴¹/
- Sinological IPA (key) (new-style): /pən¹³ i̯əu̯⁴¹/
- (Hengyang)
- Wiktionary: beng2 iu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /b̥ɤŋ¹¹ i̯u³³/
- (Changsha)
- Middle Chinese: bong hjuwX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤəŋ [ɢ]ʷəʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*bɯːŋ ɢʷɯʔ/
Noun
[edit]朋友
- friend (Classifier: 個/个 m c; 位 m c)
- 童年的朋友 ― tóngnián de péngyǒu ― childhood friend
- 結交新朋友/结交新朋友 ― jiéjiāo xīn péngyǒu ― to make new friends
- (Hong Kong Cantonese) Term of address to a South Asian person.
- (euphemistic) boyfriend or girlfriend; partner
Synonyms
[edit]- (friend):
Dialectal synonyms of 朋友 (“friend”) [map]
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “friend”):
Hyponyms
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]See also
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “Entry #4215”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄆㄥˊ ㄧㄡˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: péngyǒu
- Wade–Giles: pʻêng2-yu3
- Yale: péng-yǒu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: perngyeou
- Palladius: пэнъю (pɛnʺju)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰɤŋ³⁵ joʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Noun
[edit]朋友
- (archaic) large number of retainers
- (archaic, Ming dynasty) designation given by government bureaucrats to Confucian students
Synonyms
[edit]- (large number of retainers): (archaic) 群臣 (qúnchén)
Descendants
[edit]Others:
- → Hmong (Leng/Der): fim ywg
- → White Hmong: phooj ywg
- → Zhuang: baengzyoux
Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
朋 | 友 |
ほう Jinmeiyō |
ゆう Grade: 2 |
on'yomi |
/hoː iu/ → /hoːjiu/ → /hoːjuː/
From Middle Chinese compound 朋友 (MC bong hjuwX).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]朋友 • (hōyū) ←ほういう (fouiu)?
(alternative reading hiragana ぼうゆう, rōmaji bōyū, historical hiragana ぼういう)
Derived terms
[edit]- 知己朋友 (chiki hōyū, “acquaintance”)
Proverbs
[edit]- 善を責むるは朋友の道なり (zen o semuru wa hōyū no michi nari)
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
朋 | 友 |
ぽん Jinmeiyō |
ゆう Grade: 2 |
irregular |
Alternative spellings |
---|
ポンユー ポン友 |
Borrowing from Mandarin 朋友 (péngyǒu).[1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]References
[edit]Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
朋 | 友 |
Noun
[edit]朋友
Categories:
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Sichuanese lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Taishanese lemmas
- Gan lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Jin lemmas
- Northern Min lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Xiang lemmas
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Sichuanese nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Taishanese nouns
- Gan nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Jin nouns
- Northern Min nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Xiang nouns
- Middle Chinese nouns
- Old Chinese nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese terms spelled with 朋
- Chinese terms spelled with 友
- Chinese nouns classified by 個/个
- Chinese nouns classified by 位
- Mandarin terms with usage examples
- Cantonese terms with usage examples
- Hokkien terms with usage examples
- Teochew terms with usage examples
- Hong Kong Cantonese
- Chinese euphemisms
- Chinese terms with archaic senses
- Beginning Mandarin
- zh:People
- Japanese terms spelled with 朋 read as ほう
- Japanese terms spelled with 友 read as ゆう
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms with 2 kanji
- Japanese words with multiple readings
- Japanese terms with uncommon senses
- Japanese terms spelled with 朋
- Japanese terms spelled with 友
- Japanese terms read with irregular kanji readings
- Japanese terms borrowed from Mandarin
- Japanese terms derived from Mandarin
- Japanese slang
- Japanese dated terms
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese Chữ Hán