ben

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "ben"

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

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(deprecated template usage) From Middle English ben, bene, from Old English bēn (“prayer, request, favor, compulsory service”), from Proto-Germanic *bōniz (“supplication”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂- (“to say”). Related to ban. More at boon.

Alternative forms

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. (obsolete) A prayer; a petition.

Etymology 2

From Middle English ben, bene, variation of bin, binne (“within”), from Old English binnan (“within, in, inside of, into”), equivalent to be- +‎ in.

Preposition

ben

  1. (Scotland, Northern England) In, into.
    • 2008, James Kelman, Kieron Smith, Boy, Penguin 2009, page 32:
      And he was waving to me to creep in, so I just did and then just to skip ben the front and then in the lobby.

Adverb

ben (not comparable)

  1. (Scotland, Northern England) Inside.

Adjective

ben (comparative benner, superlative benmost)

  1. Inner, interior.
Derived terms

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. (Scotland, Northern England) Ben-room: The inner room of a two-room hut or shack (as opposed to the but).
Derived terms
References

Etymology 3

From Middle English been, from Old French and Medieval Latin, probably from a North African pronunciation of Arabic بَان (bān, “ben tree”)

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. A tree, Moringa oleifera or horseradish tree of Arabia and India, which produces oil of ben.
  2. The winged seed of the ben tree.
  3. The oil of the ben seed.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Translations

Etymology 4

From Arabic بِن (bin) and Hebrew בן (ben, “son”).

Alternative forms

Noun

ben (uncountable)

  1. (usually capitalised) Son of (used with Hebrew and Arabic surnames).
Translations

Etymology 5

Borrowed from Scots ben, benn, from Scottish Gaelic beinn

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. A Scottish or Irish mountain or high peak.

Etymology 6

UK C16. Probably from Latin bene or Italian bene.

Adjective

ben (comparative benar, superlative benat)

  1. (obsolete, UK, thieves' cant) Alternative spelling of bene; good.
    • 1611, Thomas Middleton, The Roaring Girle‎[1]:
      A gage of ben Rom-bouse, / In a bousing-ken of Rom-vile, / Is benar than a Caster, / Pecke, pennam, lay, or popler, / Which we mill in deuse a vile.
      [paraphrase] A pot of good wine, / In a pub of London, / Is better than a cloak, / Meat, bread, milk, or porridge, / Which we steal in the countryside.

Anagrams

Amele

Adjective

ben

  1. big

Noun

ben

  1. a big thing

References

  • Pavol Štekauer, Salvador Valera, Lívia Kőrtvélyessy, Word-Formation in the World's Languages: A Typological Survey (2012)

Catalan

Pronunciation

Adverb

ben

  1. Alternative form of bé

Usage notes

The form ben is used when it precedes the adjective, adverb or verb form that it modifies, and bé is used in all other cases.

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse bein (“bone, leg”), from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /beːn/, [b̥eːˀn]

Noun

ben n (singular definite benet, plural indefinite ben)

  1. leg
    Synonym: pusselanke (childish, joking)
  2. bone

Declension

Declension of ben
neuter
gender 		Singular Plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ben benet ben benene
genitive bens benets bens benenes

References

Domari

Etymology

From Lua error in Module:parameters at line 239: Parameter 2 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "psu" is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E., from Sanskrit भगिनी (bhaginī). Cognate with Hindi बहन (bahan).

Pronunciation

Noun

ben f

  1. sister

References

  • Matras, Yaron (2012) A Grammar of Domari (Mouton Grammar Library)‎[2], Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, page 65

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛn
  • IPA(key): /bɛn/

Verb

ben

  1. (deprecated template usage) first-person singular present indicative of zijn
  2. (dialectal) (deprecated template usage) imperative of zijn

Usage notes

Ben, as an imperative, is considered non-standard, the standard form being wees.

Synonyms

References

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse ben, from Proto-Germanic *banjō.

Noun

ben n (genitive singular bens, plural ben)

  1. wound

Declension

Declension of ben
n3 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ben benið ben benini
accusative ben benið ben benini
dative beni beninum benum benunum
genitive bens bensins bena benanna
Declension of ben
n22 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ben benið ben benini
accusative ben benið ben benini
dative beni beninum benjum, benum benjunum, benunum
genitive bens bensins benja benjanna

Noun

ben f (genitive singular benjar, plural benjar)

  1. wound

Declension

f8 Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative ben benin benjar benjarnar
Accusative ben benina benjar benjarnar
Dative ben benini benjum benjunum
Genitive benjar benjarinnar benja benjanna


Derived terms

French

Etymology 1

Alternative form of bien

Pronunciation

Interjection

ben

  1. Abbreviation of eh bien. Well; uh

Etymology 2

Clipping of bénard

Pronunciation

Noun

ben m (plural bens)

  1. (slang) pants

Further reading

Friulian

Etymology

From Latin bene.

Adverb

ben

  1. well
  2. properly, nicely

Antonyms

Noun

ben

  1. good

Galician

Etymology

From Old Galician and Old Galician-Portuguese ben, from Latin bene.

Pronunciation

Noun

ben m (plural bens)

  1. benefit; welfare
    Synonym: beneficio
  2. (in the plural) goods
  3. good (the forces that are the enemy of evil)
    Antonym: mal

Adverb

ben

  1. well
    Ben feito! ― Well done!
    Antonym: mal
  2. very; a lot
    Eche un rapaz ben espilido! ― He's a very smart young man!

Derived terms

References

Interlingua

Etymology

Borrowed from Italian bene, French bien, Spanish bien and Portuguese bem.

Pronunciation

Adverb

ben (comparative melio, superlative le melio)

  1. well

Derived terms

Istriot

Etymology

From Latin bene.

Adverb

ben

  1. well

Italian

Adverb

ben

  1. Apocopic form of bene
    ben fatto ― well done

Derived terms

Japanese

Romanization

ben

  1. Rōmaji transcription of べん

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese vir and Spanish venir .

Verb

ben

  1. to come

Kurdish

Pronunciation

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Noun

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  1. string, rope

Derived terms

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Ladin

Etymology

From Latin bene.

Adverb

ben (comparative miec)

  1. well
  2. properly

Noun

ben m (plural bens)

  1. (especially in the plural) goods, property

Mandarin

Romanization

ben

  1. Nonstandard spelling of bēn.
  2. Nonstandard spelling of běn.
  3. Nonstandard spelling of bèn.

Usage notes

  • Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish ben, from Proto-Celtic *benā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.

Pronunciation

Noun

ben f (genitive singular mreih, plural mraane)

  1. woman

Mutation

Template:gv mut cons

References

Middle English

Verb

ben

  1. Alternative form of been

References

Norwegian Bokmål

Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology

From Old Norse bein, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Noun

ben n (definite singular benet, indefinite plural ben, definite plural bena or benene)

  1. a leg
  2. a bone

Alternative forms

Derived terms

References

Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan ben, from Latin bene.

Pronunciation

Adverb

ben

  1. well

Noun

ben m (plural bens)

  1. good, possession

Old Dutch

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Noun

bēn n

  1. leg
  2. bone

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

  • Middle Dutch: bêen

Further reading

  • “bēn”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012

Old English

Etymology 1

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(deprecated template usage) From Proto-Germanic *bōniz. Cognate with Old Norse bón.

Pronunciation

Noun

bēn f (nominative plural bēne or bēna)

  1. prayer, praying
  2. request, entreaty
Declension
Declension of ben (strong i-stem)
Case Singular Plural
nominative bēn bēne, bēna
accusative bēn, bēne bēne, bēna
genitive bēne bēna
dative bēne bēnum
Descendants

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *banjō. Cognate with Old Norse ben.

Pronunciation

Noun

ben f

  1. Alternative form of benn

Old French

Adverb

ben

  1. (Anglo-Norman) Alternative form of bien

Old Irish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *benā, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷḗn.

Noun

ben f (genitive mná, nominative plural mná)

  1. woman
    Synonyms: banscál, bé, frac
  2. wife
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 22c10
      Is bés trá dosom aní-siu cosc inna mban i tossug et a tabairt fo chumacte a feir, armbat irlamu de ind ḟir fo chumacte Dǽi, co·mbí íarum coscitir ind ḟir et do·airbertar fo réir Dǽ.
      This, then, is a custom of his, to correct the wives at first and to bring them under the power of their husbands, so that the husbands may be the readier under God’s power, so that afterwards the husbands are corrected and bowed down in subjection to God.
Inflection
Feminine irregular
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ben mnaí mná
Vocative ben mnaí mná
Accusative bein, mnaí mnaí mná
Genitive mná ban ban
Dative mnaí mnáib mnáib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization
Derived terms
Descendants

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

·ben

  1. third-person singular present indicative conjunct of benaid

Verb

ben

  1. second-person singular imperative of benaid

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
ben ben
pronounced with /β(ʲ)-/ 		mben
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

Old Norse

Etymology

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(deprecated template usage) From Proto-Germanic *banjō.

Noun

ben f (genitive benjar, plural benjar)

  1. mortal wound
  2. small bleeding wound

ben n

  1. wound

Declension

  Declension of ben (strong jō-stem)
feminine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ben benin benjar benjarnar
accusative ben benina benjar benjarnar
dative ben beninni benjum benjunum
genitive benjar benjarinnar benja benjanna
  Declension of ben (strong ja-stem)
neuter singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ben benit ben benin
accusative ben benit ben benin
dative beni beninu benjum benjunum
genitive bens bensins benja benjanna
  • bani m (“bane”)
  • benja (“to wound mortally”)

References

  • “ben”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press

Old Occitan

Etymology

From Latin bene.

Adjective

ben

  1. well

Descendants

References

Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *bainą. Cognate with Old Frisian bēn (West Frisian bien), Old English bān (English bone), Dutch been (“bone, leg”), Old High German bein (German Bein (“leg”)), Old Norse bein (Icelandic bein (“bone”)).

Noun

bēn n

  1. bone

Descendants

Old Swedish

Etymology

From Old Norse bein, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Pronunciation

Noun

bēn n

  1. bone
  2. leg

Declension

  Declension of ben (strong a-stem)
neuter singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative bēn bēnit bēn bēnin
accusative bēn bēnit bēn bēnin
dative bēni, bēne bēninu, bēneno bēnum, bēnom bēnumin, bēnomen
genitive bēns bēnsins bēna bēnanna

Descendants

Scots

Etymology 1

From Old English binnan.

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. The inner room of a two-room hut or shack (as opposed to the but).

Adjective

ben (comparative benner, superlative benmaist)

  1. Inner, interior.

Preposition

ben

  1. Through, in, into (a dwelling).
    I went ben the room.

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Scottish Gaelic beinn.

Noun

ben (plural bens)

  1. mountain, hill

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish بڭ (beñ).

Noun

ben m (Cyrillic spelling бен)

  1. (regional) birthmark
  2. (regional) mole
  3. (regional) naevus

Synonyms

Swedish

Etymology

From Old Swedish bēn, from Old Norse bein, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.

Pronunciation

Noun

ben n

  1. (anatomy) leg; a body part
  2. leg; part of trousers which covers the legs
  3. the part of a piece furniture on which it stands
  4. (anatomy) bone; any of the components of an endoskeleton
  5. (anatomy) bone; the material of the endoskeleton

Declension

Declension of ben 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative ben benet ben benen
Genitive bens benets bens benens

References

Turkish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /bɛn/, /bæn/
  • Hyphenation: ben

Etymology 1

From Ottoman Turkish بن (ben, “I”), from Proto-Turkic *ben (“I”).

Cognate with Old Turkic 𐰢𐰤 (men), 𐰋𐰤 (ben, “I”), Karakhanid مَنْ (men, “I”), Azerbaijani mən, Bashkir мин (min), Chuvash эпӗ (ep̬ĕ), Kazakh мен (men), Kyrgyz мен (men), Turkmen men.

Possibly related to Mongolian би (bi, “I”), Manchu ᠪᡳ (bi, “I”).[1]

Pronoun

ben

  1. I
Usage notes
  • It is one of the two words that have irregular dative case declension. (The other word is "sen").
  • It is one of the two words that have irregular genitive case declension. (The other word is "biz").
Declension
Declension of ben
singular (tekil) plural (çoğul)
nominative (yalın) ben biz
definite accusative (belirtme) beni bizi
dative (yönelme) bana bize
locative (bulunma) bende bizde
ablative (ayrılma) benden bizden
genitive (tamlayan) benim bizim
See also
Turkish personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person ben biz
2nd person familiar sen siz
polite siz sizler
3rd person o onlar

Noun

ben (definite accusative beni, plural biz)

  1. (psychology) ego
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Ottoman Turkish بڭ (beŋ, “mole”), from Proto-Turkic *beŋ (“mole on the face”).[2]

Cognate with Bashkir миң (miñ), Kyrgyz мең (meŋ), Kazakh мең (meñ) Turkmen meň, Yakut мэҥ (meñ). Also compare Mongolian мэнгэ (menge, “mole, birthmark”).

Noun

ben (definite accusative beni, plural benler)

  1. birthmark, mole
Declension
Inflection
Nominative ben
Definite accusative beni
Singular Plural
Nominative ben benler
Definite accusative beni benleri
Dative bene benlere
Locative bende benlerde
Ablative benden benlerden
Genitive benin benlerin
Derived terms
See also

References

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  2. ^ Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*beŋ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill

Venetian

Etymology

From Latin bene.

Adverb

ben

  1. well

Derived terms

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin bene.

Pronunciation

Noun

ben (nominative plural bens)

  1. (sense of) well-being, welfare, being well, wellness

Declension

declension of ben
singular plural
nominative ben bens
genitive bena benas
dative bene benes
accusative beni benis
vocative 1 o ben! o bens!
predicative 2 benu benus
  • 1 status as a case is disputed
  • 2 in later, non-classical Volapük only

Derived terms

Welsh

Pronunciation

Noun

ben

  1. Soft mutation of pen.

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
pen ben mhen phen
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.
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